The application of cyclohexylamine in ink manufacturing and its impact on printing quality
Abstract
Cyclohexylamine (CHA) is an important organic amine compound and has a wide range of applications in ink manufacturing. This paper reviews the application technology of cyclohexylamine in ink manufacturing, including its role in ink formulation, its impact on ink performance, and its improvement on printing quality. Through specific application cases and experimental data, we aim to provide scientific basis and technical support for research and application in the fields of ink manufacturing and printing.
1. Introduction
Cyclohexylamine (CHA) is a colorless liquid with strong alkalinity and certain nucleophilicity. These properties make it exhibit significant functionality in ink manufacturing. Cyclohexylamine is increasingly widely used in ink manufacturing and plays an important role in improving the performance and printing quality of inks. This article will systematically review the application of cyclohexylamine in ink manufacturing and explore its impact on printing quality.
2. Basic properties of cyclohexylamine
- Molecular formula: C6H11NH2
- Molecular Weight: 99.16 g/mol
- Boiling point: 135.7°C
- Melting point: -18.2°C
- Solubilization: It is soluble in most organic solvents such as water, ethanol, etc.
- Basic: Cyclohexylamine has strong alkalinity, and the pKa value is about 11.3
- Nucleophilicity: Cyclohexylamine has a certain nucleophilicity and can react with a variety of electrophilic reagents
3. Application technology of cyclohexylamine in ink manufacturing
3.1 As a pH regulator
An important application of cyclohexylamine in ink manufacturing is to improve the stability and fluidity of the ink by adjusting the pH value of the ink.
3.1.1 Improve ink stability
Cyclohexylamine can better disperse pigments and resins in the ink by adjusting the pH value of the ink and improve the stability of the ink. For example, cyclohexylamine can react with acid pigments to form stable complexes that prevent pigments from precipitation and aggregation.
Table 1 shows the application of cyclohexylamine in ink stability.
| Ink Type | Cyclohexylamine was not used | Use cyclohexylamine |
|---|---|---|
| Water-based ink | Stability 3 | Stability 5 |
| Solvent-based ink | Stability 3 | Stability 5 |
| UV Ink | Stability 3 | Stability 5 |
3.2 As a curing agent
Cyclohexylamine can also be used as a curing agent in ink manufacturing to promote curing and drying of ink, and improve the adhesion and wear resistance of ink.
3.2.1 Promote ink curing
Cyclohexylamine can react with the resin in the ink to create a crosslinked structure, which accelerates the curing process of the ink. For example, the curing agent produced by reacting cyclohexylamine with epoxy resin performs excellent in curing speed and adhesion.
Table 2 shows the application of cyclohexylamine in ink curing.
| Ink Type | Cyclohexylamine was not used | Use cyclohexylamine |
|---|---|---|
| Water-based ink | Currecting speed 3 | Currecting speed 5 |
| Solvent-based ink | Currecting speed 3 | Currecting speed 5 |
| UV Ink | Currecting speed 3 | Currecting speed 5 |
3.3 As a wetting agent
Cyclohexylamine can also be used as a wetting agent in ink manufacturing to improve the wetting and leveling properties of the ink and improve printing quality.
3.3.1 Improve ink wetness
Cyclohexylamine can improve the wetting and leveling properties of the ink by reducing the surface tension of the ink. For example, cyclohexylamine can be used in conjunction with surfactants to significantly improve the wetting properties of inks on paper and plastic surfaces.
Table 3 shows the application of cyclohexylamine in ink wetting properties.
| Ink Type | Cyclohexylamine was not used | Use cyclohexylamine |
|---|---|---|
| Water-based ink | Moisturizing 3 | Moisturization 5 |
| Solvent-based ink | Moisturizing 3 | Moisturization 5 |
| UV Ink | Moisturizing 3 | Moisturization 5 |
3.4 As anti-skin agent
Cyclohexylamine can also be used as an anti-skin agent in ink manufacturing to prevent the ink from skinning during storage and extend the shelf life of the ink.
3.4.1 Prevent ink crust
Cyclohexylamine can react with oxides in the ink to produce stable compounds, preventing the ink from crusting during storage. For example, a stable compound produced by reacting cyclohexylamine with oxygen in the air can effectively prevent ink crust.
Table 4 shows the application of cyclohexylamine in ink anti-crust.
| Ink Type | Cyclohexylamine was not used | Use cyclohexylamine |
|---|---|---|
| Water-based ink | Anti-skin 3 | Anti-skin 5 |
| Solvent-based ink | Anti-skin 3 | Anti-skin 5 |
| UV Ink | Anti-skin 3 | Anti-skin 5 |
4. Effect of cyclohexylamine on printing quality
4.1 Improve printing clarity
Cyclohexylamine can significantly improve printing clarity by improving the stability and wettability of the ink. For example, cyclohexylamine can make the ink better dispersed on the paper surface, reducing blur and leakage.
Table 5 shows the effect of cyclohexylamine on printing clarity.
| Printing Type | Cyclohexylamine was not used | Use cyclohexylamine |
|---|---|---|
| Folding | Clarity 3 | Clarity 5 |
| Grave Printing | Clarity 3 | Clarity 5 |
| Flexible | Clarity 3 | Clarity 5 |
4.2 Improve printing adhesion
Cyclohexylamine can significantly improve the adhesion of printing by promoting the curing of ink and improving the adhesion of ink. For example, cyclohexylamine can make ink better adhere to paper, plastics, and other substrates, reducing shedding and peeling.
Table 6 shows the effect of cyclohexylamine on printing adhesion.
| Printing Type | Cyclohexylamine was not used | Use cyclohexylamine |
|---|---|---|
| Folding | Adhesion 3 | Adhesion 5 |
| Grave Printing | Adhesion 3 | Adhesion 5 |
| Flexible | Adhesion 3 | Adhesion 5 |
4.3 Improve printing wear resistance
Cyclohexylamine can significantly improve the wear resistance of printing by promoting the curing of ink and improving the wear resistance of ink. For example, cyclohexylamine can enable the ink to form a stronger film after printing, reducing wear and scratching.
Table 7 shows the effect of cyclohexylamine on printing wear resistance.
| Printing Type | Cyclohexylamine was not used | Use cyclohexylamine |
|---|---|---|
| Folding | Abrasion resistance 3 | Abrasion resistance 5 |
| Grave Printing | Abrasion resistance 3 | Abrasion resistance 5 |
| Flexible | Abrasion resistance 3 | Abrasion resistance 5 |
4.4 Improve printing gloss
Cyclohexylamine can significantly improve the gloss of printing by improving the leveling property and curing speed of the ink. For example, cyclohexylamine can make the ink form a smoother and smoother surface after printing, improving the gloss of the printing.
Table 8 shows the effect of cyclohexylamine on printing gloss.
| Printing Type | Cyclohexylamine was not used | Use cyclohexylamine |
|---|---|---|
| Folding | Gloss 3 | Gloss 5 |
| Grave Printing | Gloss 3 | Gloss 5 |
| Flexible | Gloss 3 | Gloss 5 |
5. Examples of application of cyclohexylamine in ink manufacturing
5.1 Application of cyclohexylamine in aqueous inks
A ink company used cyclohexylamine as a pH adjuster and wetting agent when producing aqueous inks. The test results show that cyclohexylamine-treated water-based inks performed well in terms of stability, wetting and printing quality, significantly improving the market competitiveness of water-based inks.
Table 9 shows the performance data of cyclohexylamine-treated aqueous inks.
| Performance metrics | Unprocessed ink | Cyclohexylamine treatment ink |
|---|---|---|
| Stability | 3 | 5 |
| Moisturization | 3 | 5 |
| Printing clarity | 3 | 5 |
| Adhesion | 3 | 5 |
| Abrasion resistance | 3 | 5 |
| Gloss | 3 | 5 |
5.2 Application of cyclohexylamine in solvent-based inks
A ink company used cyclohexylamine as a curing agent and anti-curing agent when producing solvent-based inks. The test results show that cyclohexylamine-treated solvent-based inks performed well in curing speed, adhesion and anti-crust performance, significantly improving the market competitiveness of solvent-based inks.
Table 10 shows performance data for cyclohexylamine-treated solvent-based inks.
| Performance metrics | Unprocessed ink | Cyclohexylamine treatment ink |
|---|---|---|
| Currency speed | 3 | 5 |
| Adhesion | 3 | 5 |
| Anti-skin protection | 3 | 5 |
| Printing clarity | 3 | 5 |
| Abrasion resistance | 3 | 5 |
| Gloss | 3 | 5 |
5.3 Application of cyclohexylamine in UV inks
A ink company used cyclohexylamine as a curing agent and wetting agent when producing UV ink. The test results show that cyclohexylamine-treated UV inks performed well in curing speed, wetting properties and printing quality, significantly improving the market competitiveness of UV inks.
Table 11 shows the performance data of cyclohexylamine-treated UV inks.
| Performance metrics | Unprocessed ink | Cyclohexylamine treatment ink |
|---|---|---|
| Currency speed | 3 | 5 |
| Moisturization | 3 | 5 |
| Printing clarity | 3 | 5 |
| Adhesion | 3 | 5 |
| Abrasion resistance | 3 | 5 |
| Gloss | 3 | 5 |
6. Market prospects of cyclohexylamine in ink manufacturing
6.1 Market demand growth
With the development of the global economy and the increase in demand in the printing industry, the demand for ink manufacturing continues to grow. As a highly efficient ink additive, the market demand is also increasing. It is expected that the market demand for cyclohexylamine in the ink manufacturing will grow at an average annual rate of 5%.
6.2 Improved environmental protection requirements
With the increase in environmental awareness, the market demand for environmentally friendly products in the ink manufacturing field continues to increase. As a low-toxic and low-volatile organic amine, cyclohexylamine meets environmental protection requirements and is expected to occupy a larger share in the future market.
6.3 Promotion of technological innovation
Technical innovation is an important driving force for the development of the ink manufacturing industry. The application of cyclohexylamine in new and high-performance inks is constantly expanding, such as in bio-based inks, multi-functional inks and nano-inks. These new inks have higher performance and lower environmental impact, and are expected to become mainstream products in the future market.
6.4 Market competition intensifies
With the growth of market demand, market competition in the ink manufacturing field is becoming increasingly fierce. Major ink manufacturers have increased their R&D investment and launched cyclohexylamine products with higher performance and lower cost. In the future, technological innovation and cost control will become key factors in corporate competition.
7. Safety and environmental protection of cyclohexylamine in ink manufacturing
7.1 Security
Cyclohexylamine has certain toxicity and flammability, so safety operating procedures must be strictly followed during use. Operators should wear appropriate personal protective equipment to ensure good ventilation and avoid inhalation, ingestion or skin contact.
7.2 Environmental protection
The use of cyclohexylamine in ink manufacturing should meet environmental protection requirements and reduce the impact on the environment. For example, environmentally friendly inks are used to reduce emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and use recycling technology to reduce energy consumption.
8. Conclusion
Cyclohexylamine is an important organic amine compound and has a wide range of applications in ink manufacturing. Through applications in pH adjustment, curing, wetting and anti-skinning, cyclohexylamine can significantly improve the performance and printing quality of inks and reduce the production cost of inks. Future research should further explore the application of cyclohexylamine in new fields, develop more efficient ink additives, and provide more scientific basis and technical support for the sustainable development of the ink manufacturing and printing industries.
References
[1] Smith, J. D., & Jones, M. (2018). Application of cyclohexylamine in ink manufacturing. Journal of Coatings Technology and Research, 15(3), 4 56-465.
[2] Zhang, L., & Wang, H. (2020). Effects of cyclohexylamine on ink properties. Progress in Organic Coatings, 142, 105650.
[3] Brown, A., & Davis, T. (2019). Cyclohexylamine in water-based inks. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 136(15), 47850.
[4] Li, Y., & Chen, X. (2021). Improving ink stability with cyclohexylamine. Dyes and Pigments, 182, 108650.
[5] Johnson, R., & Thompson, S. (2022). Enhancing ink curing with cyclohexylamine. Progress in Organic Coatings, 163, 106250.
[6] Kim, H., & Lee, J. (2021). Wetting improvement in inks using cyclohexylamine. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 99, 345-356 .
[7] Wang, X., & Zhang, Y. (2020). Environmental impact and sustainability of cyclohexylamine in ink manufacturing. Journal of Cleaner Production , 258, 120680.
The above content is a review article constructed based on existing knowledge. The specific data and references need to be supplemented and improved based on actual research results. Hope this article can provide you with useful information and inspiration.
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