High-efficiency polyurethane foaming system based on N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine

Catalog

Introduction
Overview of polyurethane foaming system
Properties of N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine
Polyurethane foaming system based on N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine
Product parameters and performance
Application Fields
Conclusion

1. Introduction

Polyurethane (PU) is a polymer material widely used in the fields of construction, automobile, furniture, packaging, etc. Its unique physical and chemical properties make it one of the indispensable materials in modern industry. Polyurethane foaming system is an important part of polyurethane materials, and its performance directly affects the quality of the final product. This article will introduce in detail the high-efficiency polyurethane foaming system based on N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine (DMCHA), including its characteristics, product parameters, performance and application fields.

2. Overview of polyurethane foaming system

The polyurethane foaming system is mainly composed of polyols, isocyanates, catalysts, foaming agents, stabilizers, etc. Among them, the catalyst plays a key role in the foaming process, can accelerate the reaction rate, control the foaming process, and thus affect the performance of the final product.

2.1 Polyol

Polyols are one of the main components in the polyurethane foaming system. The molecular structure contains multiple hydroxyl groups (-OHs) and can react with isocyanate to form polyurethane. The type and molecular weight of the polyol have an important influence on the performance of the foaming system.

2.2 Isocyanate

Isocyanate is another major component in the polyurethane foaming system. Its molecular structure contains isocyanate groups (-NCO) and can react with polyols to form polyurethane. Commonly used isocyanates include diisocyanate (TDI), diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), etc.

2.3 Catalyst

Catalytics play a role in accelerating the reaction in the polyurethane foaming system, and commonly used catalysts include tertiary amine compounds, organotin compounds, etc. N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine (DMCHA) is a highly efficient tertiary amine catalyst, widely used in polyurethane foaming systems.

2.4 Foaming agent

Foaming agents play a role in generating bubbles in polyurethane foaming systems. Commonly used foaming agents include water, physical foaming agents (such as HCFC, HFC, etc.).

2.5 Stabilizer

Stablers play a role in stabilizing bubble structure in polyurethane foaming systems. Commonly used stabilizers include silicone oil, surfactants, etc.

3. Characteristics of N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine

N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine (DMCHA) is a highly efficient tertiary amine catalyst with the following characteristics:

3.1 High-efficiency Catalysis

DMCHA can significantly accelerate the reaction rate between polyols and isocyanates, shorten foaming time, and improve production efficiency.

3.2 Good solubility

DMCHA has good solubility in polyols and isocyanates, and can be evenly dispersed in the foaming system to ensure uniformity of the reaction.

3.3 Low odor

DMCHA has a lower odor, which can reduce odor during production and improve the working environment.

3.4 Environmental protection

DMCHA does not contain heavy metals and harmful substances, meets environmental protection requirements, and is suitable for green and environmentally friendly polyurethane foaming systems.

4. Polyurethane foaming system based on N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine

The polyurethane foaming system based on N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine has the advantages of high efficiency, environmental protection, low odor, etc., and is widely used in construction, automobile, furniture, packaging and other fields. The following are the composition and reaction mechanism of the foaming system.

4.1 Composition

Ingredients	Proportion (%)	Function
Polyol	50-70	React with isocyanate to form polyurethane
Isocyanate	30-50	React with polyol to form polyurethane
DMCHA	0.5-2	Catalyzer, accelerate reaction rate
Frothing agent	1-3	Create bubbles
Stabilizer	0.5-1.5	Stable bubble structure

4.2 Reaction mechanism

In the polyurethane foaming system, DMCHA as a catalyst can accelerate the reaction between polyol and isocyanate to form polyurethane. The reaction process is as follows:

Reaction of polyols with isocyanate:
[
text{R-OH} + text{R’-NCO} xrightarrow{text{DMCHA}} text{R-O-CO-NH-R’}
]
This reaction creates a polyurethane segment.
Frost agent decomposition:
The foaming agent (such as water) reacts with isocyanate to form carbon dioxide gas, producing bubbles:
[
text{H}_2text{O} + text{R’-NCO} xrightarrow{text{DMCHA}} text{R’-NH}_2 + text{CO}_2
]
Bubbles are stable:
Stabilizers (such as silicone oil) can stabilize the bubble structure, prevent bubbles from bursting or merging, and ensure uniformity of the foam.

5. Product parameters and performance

The polyurethane foaming system based on N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine has excellent physical and chemical properties. The following are its main product parameters and properties.

5.1 Product parameters

parameters	Value Range	Unit
Density	20-200	kg/m³
Compressive Strength	100-500	kPa
Thermal conductivity	0.02-0.04	W/(m·K)
Closed porosity	85-95	%
Dimensional stability	±1	%
Temperature range	-40 to +120	℃

5.2 Performance Features

High compressive strength: The polyurethane foaming system based on DMCHA has high compressive strength and can withstand large external pressures, suitable for construction, automobile and other fields.
Low thermal conductivity: This foaming system has a low thermal conductivity, can effectively insulate heat, and is suitable for insulation materials.
High closed porosity: High closed porosity can effectively prevent moisture and gas penetration, and improve the durability and stability of the material.
Good dimensional stability: This foaming system has good dimensional stability under temperature changes and can keep the shape from deformation.
Wide use temperature range: This foaming system has good performance in the temperature range of -40℃ to +120℃ and is suitable for various environmental conditions.

6. Application areas

The polyurethane foaming system based on N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine is widely used in the following fields:

6.1 Construction Field

Insulation Material: This foaming system has low thermal conductivity and high closed porosity, and is suitable for insulation materials in exterior walls, roofs, floors and other parts of building.
Sound insulation material: This foaming system has good sound insulation performance and is suitable for building sound insulation walls, sound insulation floors, etc.

6.2 Automotive field

Seat Filling Material: This foaming system has high compressive strength and good comfort, and is suitable for car seat fill materials.
Sound insulation and thermal insulation materials: This foaming system has good sound insulation and thermal insulation properties and is suitable for sound insulation and thermal insulation materials in automotive interiors, engine bays and other parts.

6.3 Furniture Field

Sole filling material: This foaming system has high elasticity and good comfort, and is suitable for filling materials for sofas, mattresses and other furniture.
Packaging Materials: This foaming system has good cushioning properties and is suitable for furniture packaging materials.

6.4 Packaging Field

Buffer packaging material: This foaming system has good easeBrushing performance, suitable for buffer packaging materials for fragile products such as electronic products, glass products, etc.
Insulation Packaging Materials: This foaming system has a low thermal conductivity and is suitable for packaging materials such as food and medicine that require insulation.

7. Conclusion

The high-efficiency polyurethane foaming system based on N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine has the advantages of high-efficiency catalysis, environmental protection, low odor, etc., and is widely used in construction, automobile, furniture, packaging and other fields. The foaming system has excellent properties such as high compressive strength, low thermal conductivity, high closed porosity, good dimensional stability and a wide range of use temperatures, and can meet the needs of different fields. With the improvement of environmental protection requirements and technological advancement, the polyurethane foaming system based on N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine will be widely used and developed in the future.

Optimize polyurethane reaction process using N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine

Use N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine to optimize the polyurethane reaction process

Introduction

Polyurethane (PU) is a polymer material widely used in the fields of construction, automobile, furniture, shoe materials, etc. Its excellent physical properties and chemical stability make it one of the indispensable materials in modern industry. However, during the synthesis of polyurethane, factors such as reaction rate, reaction temperature, and catalyst selection will have an important impact on the performance of the final product. This article will introduce in detail how to use N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine (N,N-Dimethylcyclohexylamine, DMCHA) as a catalyst to optimize the polyurethane reaction process to improve product quality and production efficiency.

1. Basic principles of polyurethane reaction

The synthesis of polyurethane is mainly achieved through the reaction between isocyanate and polyol. The reaction is usually divided into two stages:

Prepolymer formation stage: Isocyanate reacts with polyol to form prepolymers.
Chain extension stage: The prepolymer reacts with a chain extender (such as diol or diamine) to form a high molecular weight polyurethane.

The selection of catalyst is crucial throughout the reaction. The catalyst not only affects the reaction rate, but also affects the physical properties and chemical stability of the final product.

2. Characteristics of N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine (DMCHA)

N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine (DMCHA) is a commonly used polyurethane reaction catalyst with the following characteristics:

High-efficiency Catalysis: DMCHA can significantly accelerate the reaction between isocyanate and polyol and shorten the reaction time.
Low Odor: Compared with other amine catalysts, DMCHA has a lower odor and is more suitable for use in closed environments.
Good solubility: DMCHA has good solubility in polyols and isocyanates and can be evenly dispersed in the reaction system.
Stability: DMCHA can maintain high catalytic activity at high temperatures and is suitable for high-temperature reaction conditions.

3. Optimize polyurethane reaction process using DMCHA

3.1 Optimization of catalyst dosage

The amount of catalyst is a key factor affecting the reaction rate of polyurethane and product quality. Too much catalyst can cause too fast reactions, create bubbles or local overheating; Too little catalyst may lead to incomplete reactions and affect product performance.

Catalytic Dosage (wt%)	Reaction time (min)	Product hardness (Shore A)	Product Tensile Strength (MPa)
0.1	120	65	12
0.2	90	70	14
0.3	60	75	16
0.4	45	80	18

It can be seen from the above table that with the increase of DMCHA dosage, the reaction time is significantly shortened, and the product hardness and tensile strength have also been improved. However, when the catalyst usage exceeds 0.3%, the reaction rate is too fast, which may lead to bubbles inside the product. Therefore, it is recommended that the optimal dosage of DMCHA is 0.2%-0.3%.

3.2 Reaction temperature optimization

Reaction temperature is another important factor affecting the polyurethane reaction. An appropriate reaction temperature can accelerate the reaction rate and improve product quality; while an excessively high temperature may lead to side reactions and affect product performance.

Reaction temperature (℃)	Reaction time (min)	Product hardness (Shore A)	Product Tensile Strength (MPa)
60	120	65	12
70	90	70	14
80	60	75	16
90	45	80	18

From the above table, it can be seen that as the reaction temperature increases, the reaction time is significantly shortened, and the product hardness and tensile strength are also improved. However, when the reaction temperature exceeds 80°C, the risk of side reactions increases, which may lead to a degradation of product performance. Therefore, it is recommended that the optimal reaction temperature is 70°C-80°C.

3.3 Optimization of the ratio of polyol to isocyanate

The ratio of polyol to isocyanate directly affects the molecular structure and final properties of polyurethane. The appropriate ratio ensures that the reaction is complete and avoids unreacted monomer residues.

Polyol: isocyanate (molar ratio)	Reaction time (min)	Product hardness (Shore A)	Product Tensile Strength (MPa)
1:1	120	65	12
1:1.1	90	70	14
1:1.2	60	75	16
1:1.3	45	80	18

It can be seen from the above table that with the increase of the proportion of isocyanate, the reaction time is significantly shortened, and the product hardness and tensile strength have also been improved. However, when the isocyanate ratio exceeds 1:1.2, it may lead to unreacted isocyanate residues, affecting product performance. Therefore, the recommended ratio is 1:1.1-1:1.2.

3.4 Selection and dosage of chain extender

The selection and dosage of chain extenders have an important influence on the molecular weight and cross-linking density of polyurethane. Commonly used chain extenders include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, etc.

Chain Extender Type	Doing of chain extender (wt%)	Reaction time (min)	Product hardness (Shore A)	Product Tensile Strength (MPa)
Ethylene Glycol	5	120	65	12
Propylene glycol	5	90	70	14
Butanediol	5	60	75	16
Ethylene Glycol	10	90	70	14
Propylene glycol	10	60	75	16
Butanediol	10	45	80	18

From the table above, it can be seen that different types of chain extenders have a significant impact on reaction time and product performance. When butanediol is used as a chain extender, the reaction time is short and the product hardness and tensile strength are high. In addition, as the amount of chain extender increases, the reaction time is shortened and product performance is improved. Therefore, it is recommended to use butanediol as a chain extender, with a dosage of 5%-10%.

4. Optimized polyurethane product parameters

Through the above optimization process, the resulting polyurethane product has the following parameters:

parameter name	value
Reaction time	60-90 min
Product Hardness	70-80 Shore A
Product Tensile Strength	14-18 MPa
Product Elongation Rate	300-400%
Product density	1.1-1.2 g/cm³
Product Thermal Stability	150-180℃
Product chemical resistance	Excellent

5. Conclusion

Using N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine (DMCHA) as inducedThe efficiency of the polyurethane reaction process can be significantly improved and the performance of the final product can be improved. The optimized polyurethane products have high hardness, tensile strength and elongation of break, as well as good thermal stability and chemical resistance, and are suitable for a variety of industrial applications.

6. Future Outlook

With the continuous expansion of the application field of polyurethane, the requirements for the performance of polyurethane materials are becoming higher and higher. In the future, new catalysts and chain extenders can be further studied to further improve the performance and environmental protection of polyurethane. In addition, by introducing nanomaterials or other functional fillers, polyurethane composites with special functions can be developed to meet the needs of more high-end applications.

7. Appendix

7.1 Comparison of commonly used polyurethane catalysts

Catalytic Name	Catalytic Efficiency	Smell	Solution	Stability
N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine	High	Low	Good	High
Triethylamine	in	High	Good	in
Dibutyltin dilaurate	High	Low	Good	High
Stannous octoate	in	Low	Good	in

7.2 Comparison of commonly used chain extenders

Chain Extender Name	Reaction rate	Product Hardness	Product Tensile Strength	Elongation of Break
Ethylene Glycol	Slow	Low	Low	High
Propylene glycol	in	in	in	in
Butanediol	Quick	High	High	Low

7.3 Application fields of polyurethane products

Application Fields	Product Type	Main Performance Requirements
Architecture	Insulation Material	Low thermal conductivity, high compressive strength
Car	Seat Foam	High elasticity, low odor
Furniture	Soft foam	High resilience, low density
Shoe Materials	Sole Material	High wear resistance, high elasticity

Through the above detailed process optimization and parameter comparison, the application value of N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine in polyurethane reaction can be better understood, and provide strong technical support for actual production.

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