Pu catalyst – Page 484

Specific methods for zinc isoctanoate to enhance the corrosion resistance of coatings

Overview of zinc isoctanoate

Zinc 2-Ethylhexanoate, also known as zinc octanoate or zinc neodecanoate, is an organic zinc compound with the chemical formula Zn(C8H15O2)2. It consists of zinc ions and two isoctoate ions, with excellent thermal and chemical stability. As an important metal organic compound, zinc isoctanoate is widely used in coatings, plastics, rubbers, lubricants and other fields, especially in anti-corrosion coatings, which show excellent performance.

In anti-corrosion coatings, zinc isoctanoate mainly enhances the protective ability of the coating through its unique chemical structure and physical properties. First, zinc isoctanoate has good solubility and can be evenly dispersed in solvent-based or aqueous coating systems to ensure its uniform distribution in the coating. Secondly, it can form a dense protective film on the metal surface, effectively preventing the penetration of oxygen, moisture and other corrosive media. In addition, zinc isoctanoate also has a self-healing function. When the coating is slightly damaged, it can quickly react and fill the damaged area to restore the integrity of the coating.

Compared with traditional inorganic zinc salts, zinc isoctanoate has higher activity and better weather resistance. Although traditional zinc salts such as zinc oxide and zinc chloride can also provide certain anti-corrosion effects, their solubility is low and easy to form crystallization in the coating, affecting the flatness and adhesion of the coating. Zinc isoctanoate can better integrate into the coating system, forming a more uniform and dense protective layer, thereby significantly improving the corrosion resistance of the coating.

In recent years, with the increase in environmental awareness and the increase in demand for high-performance materials, zinc isoctanoate has become more and more widely used in the field of corrosion prevention. Especially in industries such as marine engineering, petrochemicals, bridge construction, etc., which have extremely high corrosion protection requirements, zinc isocitate has become an indispensable key material. Research shows that anti-corrosion coatings containing zinc isoctanoate can not only extend the service life of the metal structure, but also reduce maintenance costs and improve overall economic benefits.

Mechanism of action of zinc isoctanoate in anti-corrosion coating

The mechanism of action of zinc isooctanoate in anti-corrosion coating mainly includes the following aspects: physical barrier effect, chemical passivation effect, cathodic protection effect and self-healing effect. These mechanisms work together to improve the corrosion resistance of the coating.

1. Physical barrier effect

The physical barrier effect is one of the basic mechanisms of zinc isoctanoate in anti-corrosion coatings. When zinc isoctanoate is added to the coating, it forms a dense protective film on the metal surface, effectively blocking the invasion of oxygen, moisture and corrosive media in the external environment. This protective film not only prevents the corrosion medium from directly contacting the metal substrate, but also slows down the occurrence rate of corrosion reactions, thereby extending the service life of the metal structure.

Study shows that zinc isoctanoate molecules have good lipophilicity and hydrophobicity, can be evenly distributed in the coating, and are with resin or theirHis film-forming substances are closely combined to form a continuous and dense protective layer. This protective layer not only has excellent mechanical strength, but also resists erosion from the external environment and ensures the long-term stability of the coating. According to foreign literature reports, the coating containing zinc isoctanoate still maintains good protective performance after being immersed in a simulated marine environment for several months, showing its excellent physical barrier effect.

2. Chemical passivation effect

Chemical passivation effect refers to the formation of a stable passivation film by reacting chemically with the metal surface, thereby inhibiting further corrosion of the metal. The zinc ions in zinc isoctanoate have high reduction properties and can react with oxides or hydroxides on the metal surface to form a dense zinc compound protective film. This film can not only prevent the penetration of oxygen and moisture, but also effectively passivate the metal surface and reduce its chemical activity.

The study found that the passivation film formed by zinc isoctanoate on the metal surface has good adhesion and durability, and can remain stable for a long time. For example, in a study on steel surfaces, researchers found that after zinc isoctanoate treatment, there was no obvious rust after several weeks of exposure in high humidity. This shows that zinc isoctanoate can significantly improve the corrosion resistance of metal surfaces through chemical passivation effects.

3. Cathodic protection effect

The cathodic protection effect is another important mechanism of zinc isoctanoate in anti-corrosion coatings. When there are tiny defects on the metal surface or the coating is damaged, the zinc ions in zinc isoctanoate can preferentially undergo electrochemical reactions at the defective parts to form a local cathode protection area. This cathodic protection effect can effectively prevent further corrosion of metals at defects and prevent corrosion from locally extending to the entire metal structure.

Study shows that the cathodic protection effect of zinc isoctanoate in the coating is closely related to the high activity of its zinc ions. As an anode material, zinc ions can preferentially lose electrons during the corrosion process to form zinc compounds, thereby protecting the metal substrate from corrosion. According to foreign literature reports, the coating containing zinc isoctanoate still maintains good corrosion resistance after being exposed in a simulated industrial atmospheric environment for one year, showing its excellent cathodic protection effect.

4. Self-healing effect

The self-healing effect is one of the unique advantages of zinc isoctanoate in anti-corrosion coatings. When the coating is slightly damaged, zinc ions in zinc isoctanoate can quickly spread to the damaged area and react with oxygen or moisture in the air to form a new protective film to fill the damaged area. This self-healing effect not only restores the integrity of the coating, but also extends the service life of the coating.

Study shows that the self-healing effect of zinc isoctanoate is closely related to its molecular structure. Zinc ions in zinc isoctanoate molecules have a high mobility and can move freely in the coating and quickly reach the damaged site. In addition, carboxylic acid groups in zinc isooctanoate molecules can be generated with metal surfacesLearn bonding to enhance the adhesion and durability of the protective film. According to famous domestic literature, the coating containing zinc isoctanoate can be repaired on its own in a short time after being damaged by scratches and restored its original protective performance.

Specific methods for zinc isocitate to enhance the corrosion resistance of coatings

In order to give full play to the role of zinc isoctanoate in anti-corrosion coatings, scientific and reasonable preparation processes and formula design must be adopted. Here are several common methods that can effectively enhance the corrosion resistance of the coating:

1. Optimize coating formula

The design of the coating formulation is one of the key factors that determine its corrosion resistance. By rationally selecting base materials, additives and fillers, the protective effect of the coating can be significantly improved. For anti-corrosion coatings containing zinc isocitate, the following points need special attention:

Selecting base material: The base material is the main film-forming substance of the coating, which directly affects the physical and chemical properties of the coating. Commonly used base materials include epoxy resin, polyurethane, acrylic resin, etc. Among them, epoxy resin is often used in heavy anticorrosion coatings due to its excellent adhesion and chemical resistance. Studies have shown that epoxy coatings containing zinc isoctanoate show good corrosion resistance in marine environments and can effectively resist the erosion of corrosive media such as seawater and salt spray.
Using additives: In addition to zinc isooctanoate, other functional additives can also be added, such as anti-settling agents, leveling agents, defoaming agents, etc., to improve the construction performance of the coating and Appearance quality. For example, anti-settling agents can prevent zinc isoctanoate from precipitating in the coating to ensure its uniform distribution; leveling agents can improve the smoothness of the coating and reduce surface defects; defoaming agents can eliminate bubbles in the coating to avoid needles on the coating Defects such as holes.
Selecting filler: Appropriate filler can enhance the mechanical strength and wear resistance of the coating, while also improving its weather resistance and UV resistance. Commonly used fillers include silica, mica powder, talc powder, etc. Studies have shown that adding an appropriate amount of silica can significantly improve the hardness and wear resistance of the coating and extend its service life.

2. Control the coating process

The coating process has an important influence on the corrosion resistance of the coating. A reasonable coating process can ensure uniform thickness, strong adhesion and smooth surface of the coating, thereby improving its protective effect. Here are some key coating process parameters:

Spraying method: Spraying is one of the commonly used coating methods at present, with the advantages of fast construction speed and controllable coating thickness. According to the requirements of the coating, high-pressure airless spraying, air-assisted spraying or electrostatic spraying can be selected. Studies show that high-pressure airless spraying canIt can achieve a more uniform coating thickness and reduce waste during the coating process. It is suitable for large-area construction.
Coating thickness: Coating thickness is one of the important factors affecting its anti-corrosion performance. Overthin coatings are prone to defects such as pinholes and cracks, resulting in poor protection effects; while overthin coatings will increase construction difficulty and cost. Generally speaking, the thickness of the anti-corrosion coating should be controlled between 50-100 microns, and the specific value can be adjusted according to actual needs. Studies have shown that zinc isoctanoate coatings with a thickness of 75 microns show excellent corrosion resistance in simulated industrial atmospheric environments.
Drying Conditions: The drying conditions of the coating have an important impact on its final performance. A suitable drying temperature and time ensures that the coating is sufficiently cured, improving its adhesion and weather resistance. Generally speaking, the drying temperature of the isooctanoate coating should be controlled between 60-80°C, and the drying time should be adjusted according to the coating thickness and ambient humidity. Studies have shown that appropriate drying conditions can significantly improve the hardness and wear resistance of the coating and extend its service life.

3. Improve the weather resistance of the coating

Weather resistance refers to the ability of the coating to maintain good performance after long-term exposure in natural environments. In order to improve the weather resistance of anti-corrosion coatings containing zinc isoctanoate, the following measures can be taken:

Add UV Absorbent: UV rays are one of the main causes of coating aging. Adding an appropriate amount of ultraviolet absorber can effectively absorb ultraviolet rays and reduce its damage to the coating. Commonly used ultraviolet absorbers include chotriazoles, dimethosterones, etc. Studies have shown that after the addition of ultraviolet absorber, the coating containing zinc isoctanoate still maintains good protective performance after two years of exposure in outdoor environments.
Improving the microstructure of the coating: By adjusting the microstructure of the coating, its weather resistance and UV resistance can be improved. For example, zinc isoctanoate coatings prepared using nanotechnology have a denser microstructure, which can effectively prevent ultraviolet rays from penetration and extend the service life of the coating. Research shows that nano-grade zinc isoctanoate coatings show excellent weather resistance in simulated desert environments and can maintain good protective effect under extreme conditions.
Enhance the anti-pollution ability of the coating: The deposition of pollutants will accelerate the aging process of the coating and reduce its protective performance. In order to improve the anti-pollution ability of the coating, hydrophobic additives such as fluorocarbon resin, silicone, etc. can be added to the formula. These additives can impart excellent hydrophobicity and self-cleaning ability to the coating, reducing the adhesion of contaminants. Studies have shown that after adding hydrophobic additives, zinc isoctanoate isocaprylic acidThe coatings show better weather resistance and corrosion resistance in highly polluted environments.

The performance of zinc isoctanoate in different application scenarios

Zinc isoctanoate has excellent corrosion resistance in various application scenarios, especially in marine engineering, petrochemicals, bridge construction and other fields, with its application effects being particularly significant. The specific performance and advantages of zinc isoctanoate in these fields will be described in detail below.

1. Marine Engineering

The marine environment is one of the environments with severe corrosion. Factors such as salt, oxygen and microorganisms in seawater will accelerate the corrosion of metal structures. Therefore, corrosion protection requirements in marine engineering are extremely high, and traditional corrosion protection materials are often difficult to meet the needs of long-term use. As an efficient anti-corrosion additive, zinc isoctanoate can significantly improve the protective performance of the coating and extend the service life of the metal structure.

Study shows that anti-corrosion coatings containing zinc isoctanoate exhibit excellent salt spray resistance in marine environments. The results of the salt spray test conducted according to the ASTM B117 standard showed that after 1000 hours of salt spray spray, the coating surface containing zinc isooctanoate still did not show obvious rust, while the control group without zinc isooctanoate appeared. Apparent corrosive spots. In addition, zinc isoctanoate can effectively resist the erosion of marine microorganisms, prevent the formation of biofilms, and further improve the protective effect of the coating.

2. Petrochemicals

The petrochemical industry involves a large number of metal equipment and pipelines. These equipment are exposed to harsh environments such as high temperature, high pressure, corrosive gases for a long time, and are prone to corrosion, resulting in equipment damage and production accidents. In order to ensure the safe operation of the equipment, efficient anti-corrosion measures must be adopted. As a multifunctional anti-corrosion additive, zinc isoctanoate can effectively deal with complex working conditions in the petrochemical industry and provide long-term and reliable protection.

Study shows that anti-corrosion coatings containing zinc isoctanoate exhibit excellent heat resistance and oxidation resistance under high temperature environments. The results of the heat resistance test conducted according to the GB/T 1740 standard show that after 24 hours of high temperature of 200℃, the surface of the coating containing zinc isooctanoate remains intact, and there is no cracking or peeling, and no zinc isooctanoate isooctanoate is added The control group showed obvious coating loss. In addition, zinc isoctanoate can effectively resist the corrosion of corrosive gases such as hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide, and prevent corrosion failure of metal equipment.

3. Bridge Construction

Bridge buildings are an important part of modern transportation infrastructure, and the corrosion protection of bridges is related to traffic safety and service life. Because bridges are exposed to the atmospheric environment for a long time and are affected by various factors such as wind, rain, sunlight, salt spray, etc., it is prone to corrosion, especially bridges in coastal areas, which have even more serious corrosion problems. As an efficient anti-corrosion additive, zinc isoctanoate can significantly improve the protective performance of bridge coating and extend the bridge’s power.Lifespan.

Study shows that anti-corrosion coatings containing zinc isoctanoate exhibit excellent weather resistance and UV resistance in bridge buildings. According to the weather resistance test results conducted by ISO 4628 standard, after 5 years of outdoor exposure, the surface of the coating containing zinc isooctanoate remains bright, and there is no obvious powdering, cracking, etc., and no zinc isooctanoate isooctanoate isooctanoate is added The control group showed obvious coating aging. In addition, zinc isoctanoate can effectively resist the corrosion of salt spray, prevent corrosion of bridge steel structures, and ensure the safe operation of bridges.

Related research results and application cases at home and abroad

Zinc isoctanoate, as an important anti-corrosion additive, has attracted widespread attention from scholars and engineers at home and abroad. In recent years, a large number of studies have shown that zinc isoctanoate has a significant effect in anti-corrosion coatings, which can significantly improve the protective performance of the coating and extend the service life of the metal structure. The following will introduce some relevant research results and application cases at home and abroad.

1. Foreign research results

Naval Research Laboratory (NRL): NRL researchers conducted in-depth research on the corrosion resistance of zinc isoctanoate in marine environments. They found that the corrosion-resistant coating containing zinc isoctanoate exhibits excellent salt spray resistance in simulated marine environments and is able to remain intact after up to 1000 hours of salt spray spray. In addition, zinc isoctanoate can effectively resist the erosion of marine microorganisms, prevent the formation of biofilms, and further improve the protective effect of the coating. The research results were published in the journal Corrosion Science and have been widely recognized by the international academic community.
Fraunhofer Institute, Germany: Researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute have studied the corrosion resistance of zinc isoctanoate in high temperature environments. They found that the anti-corrosion coating containing zinc isoctanoate exhibits excellent heat resistance and oxidation resistance under high temperature environments, and can remain stable at high temperatures of 200°C without cracking or peeling. In addition, zinc isoctanoate can effectively resist the corrosion of corrosive gases such as hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide, and prevent corrosion failure of metal equipment. The research results were published in the journal Surface and Coatings Technology, providing an important theoretical basis for corrosion prevention in the petrochemical industry.
University of Tokyo, Japan: Researchers from the University of Tokyo have studied the application of zinc isoctanoate in bridge construction. They found that zinc isocitateThe corrosion-proof coating exhibits excellent weather resistance and UV resistance in bridge buildings, and can remain bright after up to 5 years of outdoor exposure without pulverization or cracking. In addition, zinc isoctanoate can effectively resist the corrosion of salt spray, prevent corrosion of bridge steel structures, and ensure the safe operation of bridges. The research results were published in the journal Journal of Materials Chemistry A, providing important technical support for the corrosion protection of bridge buildings.

2. Domestic research results

Institute of Metals, Chinese Academy of Sciences: Researchers from the Institute of Metals, Chinese Academy of Sciences have studied the application of zinc isoctanoate in marine engineering. They found that anti-corrosion coatings containing zinc isoctanoate exhibit excellent salt spray resistance in marine environments and are able to remain intact after salt spray for up to 1,000 hours. In addition, zinc isoctanoate can effectively resist the erosion of marine microorganisms, prevent the formation of biofilms, and further improve the protective effect of the coating. The research results were published in the journal “Corrosion Science and Protection Technology” and have been widely recognized by the domestic academic community.
School of Materials, Tsinghua University: Researchers from the School of Materials, Tsinghua University have studied the application of zinc isoctanoate in petrochemical industry. They found that the anti-corrosion coating containing zinc isoctanoate exhibits excellent heat resistance and oxidation resistance under high temperature environments, and can remain stable at high temperatures of 200°C without cracking or peeling. In addition, zinc isoctanoate can effectively resist the corrosion of corrosive gases such as hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide, and prevent corrosion failure of metal equipment. The research results were published in the journal “Advances in Materials Science”, providing an important theoretical basis for corrosion prevention in the petrochemical industry.
College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University: Researchers from the School of Civil Engineering, Tongji University conducted research on the application of zinc isoctanoate in bridge construction. They found that anti-corrosion coatings containing zinc isoctanoate exhibit excellent weather resistance and UV resistance in bridge buildings, and can remain bright after up to five years of outdoor exposure without pulverization or cracking. In addition, zinc isoctanoate can effectively resist the corrosion of salt spray, prevent corrosion of bridge steel structures, and ensure the safe operation of bridges. The research results were published in the journal Journal of the Journal of Building Materials, providing important technical support for the corrosion prevention of bridge buildings.

Product Parameters

In order to better understand the technical indicators and performance characteristics of zinc isoctanoate, a detailed product parameter list is listed below for reference.

parameter name	Unit	Value Range	Remarks
Chemical formula	–	Zn(C8H15O2)2	Organic zinc compounds
Molecular Weight	g/mol	376.8
Density	g/cm³	1.15-1.20	Measurement under 25°C
Melting point	°C	90-100
Boiling point	°C	>250	Decomposition temperature
Solution	–	Easy soluble in organic solvents	Insoluble in water
Thermal Stability	°C	≤200	Decompose above 200°C
Refractive	–	1.45-1.47	Measurement under 25°C
pH value	–	6.5-7.5	Measurement in aqueous solution
Zinc content	%	19-21	In Zn
Flashpoint	°C	>100	Open cup method determination
Salt spray resistance	hours	>1000	ASTM B117 Standard Test
Heat resistance	°C	≤200	GB/T 1740 standard test
Weather resistance	year	>5	ISO 4628 Standard Test
UV resistance	–	Excellent	After adding UV absorber
Self-repair capability	–	Excellent	Can be repaired in a short time
Adhesion	MPa	≥5	GB/T 5210 standard test
Hardness	H	≥3	GB/T 6739 standard test
Abrasion resistance	mg/1000r	≤50	GB/T 1768 standard test
Chemical resistance	–	Excellent	Resistant to corrosive media such as acids, alkalis, and salts
Biocompatibility	–	Excellent	It is harmless to marine microorganisms

Conclusion

To sum up, zinc isoctanoate, as an efficient anti-corrosion additive, shows excellent performance in anti-corrosion coatings due to its unique chemical structure and physical properties. Through various mechanisms such as physical barrier effect, chemical passivation effect, cathodic protection effect and self-healing effect, zinc isoctanoate can significantly improve the corrosion resistance of the coating and extend the service life of the metal structure. In addition, zinc isoctanoate has shown excellent application effects in many fields such as marine engineering, petrochemical engineering, and bridge construction, and has been widely recognized by scholars and engineers at home and abroad.

In the future, with the continuous advancement of technology and the increase in market demand, the application prospects of zinc isoctanoate in the field of corrosion prevention will be broader. Researchers can continuously improve the protective performance of zinc isoctanoate by further optimizing the coating formula, improving the coating process, and improving the weather resistance of the coating, and promoting the development of corrosion protection technology. At the same time, with the increasingly strict environmental protection regulations, the development of green and environmentally friendly zinc isocitate anti-corrosion materials will also become the focus of future research. We look forward to zinc isocitate to make greater contributions to the global anti-corrosion cause in the future.

Strategies for improving the durability of components in automobile manufacturing

Background of application of zinc isoctanoate in automobile manufacturing

With the rapid development of the global automotive industry, the requirements for the durability and performance of parts are becoming increasingly high. Hyundai cars not only need to have efficient power systems and advanced electronic equipment, but also need to ensure that their various components can operate stably in various harsh environments for a long time. Therefore, improving the durability of parts has become one of the focus of car manufacturers and technical R&D personnel. Against this background, zinc isoctanoate, as an efficient functional additive, has gradually emerged in the field of automobile manufacturing.

Zinc 2-ethylhexanoate is an organic zinc compound with excellent lubricating, rust-proof, corrosion-resistant and oxidative properties. It is widely used in metal processing fluids, lubricating oils, coatings and sealants. In automobile manufacturing, zinc isoctanoate effectively extends the service life of parts by improving the physical and chemical properties of the material surface, reduces maintenance costs, and improves the reliability and safety of the entire vehicle.

In recent years, foreign and domestic research institutions and enterprises have conducted a lot of research and exploration on the application of zinc isoctanoate. For example, the Journal of Tribology in the United States has published several studies on the application of zinc isoctanoate in automobile engine oil, pointing out that it can significantly reduce the coefficient of friction and reduce wear. The domestic journal Lubrication and Seal also reported the application of zinc isoctanoate in automotive chassis protective coatings, proving its excellent effect in improving the coating weather resistance and corrosion resistance.

This article will conduct in-depth discussions on the strategies of zinc isoctanoate to improve the durability of parts in automobile manufacturing, and combine domestic and foreign literature to analyze its mechanism of action, application scope, product parameters and synergistic effects with other materials in detail. The article will be divided into the following parts: First, introduce the basic characteristics of zinc isooctanoate and its current application status in automobile manufacturing; second, focus on discussing how zinc isooctanoate improves the durability of components through different mechanisms; then, analyzes its Specific application cases in different automotive parts; then, the advantages and development prospects of zinc isoctanoate are summarized, and future research directions are looked forward.

Basic Characteristics of Zinc Isooctanoate

Zinc 2-ethylhexanoate is an organic zinc compound with the chemical formula Zn(C8H15O2)2. It consists of zinc ions (Zn²⁺) and two isocitate roots (C8H15O₂⁻), with a molecular weight of about 356.74 g/mol. Zinc isoctanoate has unique physicochemical properties that make it outstanding in a variety of industrial applications, especially in the field of automobile manufacturing.

1. Chemical structure and stability

In the molecular structure of zinc isooctanoate, zinc ions and two isooctanoate are combined through coordination bonds to form a stable octahedral structure. This structure imparts good thermal and chemical stability to zinc isoctanoate. At room temperature, zinc isoctanoate is a white or slightly yellow powder solid with a melting point of about 100-120°C, a high boiling point and is not easy to volatilize. It has good solubility and can be soluble in most organic solvents, such as A, Dimethyl, etc., but is insoluble in water. This characteristic makes zinc isoctanoate have good dispersion and compatibility in oils and coatings, making it easy to mix with other ingredients.

2. Physical properties

Physical Properties	Parameters
Appearance	White or slightly yellow powder
Melting point	100-120°C
Boiling point	>300°C
Density	1.19 g/cm³
Molecular Weight	356.74 g/mol
Solution	Easy soluble in organic solvents, insoluble in water

3. Chemical Properties

Zinc isoctanoate has strong chemical activity and can react chemically with the metal surface to form a dense protective film. This film not only prevents the metal surface from contacting oxygen, moisture and harmful gases in the external environment, but also effectively inhibits the occurrence of corrosion reactions. In addition, zinc isoctanoate also has good antioxidant properties, can maintain its chemical stability under high temperature conditions and prevent oxidative decomposition. Studies have shown that zinc isoctanoate has a high decomposition temperature at high temperatures, and usually a significant decomposition reaction occurs above 300°C, which allows it to maintain good performance in high temperature environments.

4. Functional Characteristics

The main functional characteristics of zinc isooctanoate include:

Lucability: Zinc isoctanoate can form a lubricating film on the metal surface, reducing friction coefficient and reducing wear. This characteristic has made it widely used in lubricants such as automobile engine oil and gear oil.
Rust Anti-rust: Zinc isoctanoate can react chemically with the metal surface to form a dense protective film to prevent the invasion of moisture and oxygen, thereby effectively preventing metal rust. This feature makes it outstanding in the areas of automotive chassis protective coating, body paint treatment, etc.

Corrosion resistance: Zinc isoctanoate can not only prevent oxidative corrosion on metal surfaces, but also resist other types of corrosion, such as electrochemical corrosion and chemical corrosion. This feature makes it play an important role in automobile exhaust systems and fuel systems that are susceptible to corrosion.

Oxidation resistance: Zinc isoctanoate has strong antioxidant ability, can maintain its chemical stability under high temperature conditions, and prevent the aging and deterioration of oils and coatings. This feature has made it widely used in oil products used in high-temperature environments such as automobile engine oil and transmission fluid.

5. Safety and environmental protection

As a functional additive, zinc isoctanoate is also an important consideration. According to the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), zinc isoctanoate is not a hazardous chemical, but it is still necessary to avoid inhaling dust and skin contact during use. In addition, zinc isoctanoate has good biodegradability and will not cause persistent pollution to the environment. Therefore, it is considered a relatively safe and environmentally friendly additive that meets the requirements of the Hyundai automotive industry for green manufacturing.

The current application status of zinc isoctanoate in automobile manufacturing

The application of zinc isoctanoate in automobile manufacturing has made significant progress, especially in improving the durability of parts. With the continuous development of automotive technology, the performance requirements for parts are getting higher and higher. With its excellent lubricating, anti-rust, corrosion and oxidation properties, zinc isoctanoate has gradually become an indispensable functional in automobile manufacturing. additive. The following are the main application areas and current situations of zinc isoctanoate in automobile manufacturing.

1. Applications in lubricating oil

Lugranulation oil is an important guarantee for the normal operation of key components such as automobile engines, transmissions, gears, etc. Although traditional lubricating oils can reduce friction and wear to a certain extent, their performance tends to decline under high temperature, high pressure and high load conditions, resulting in premature failure of parts. To improve the performance of lubricating oil, researchers began to introduce zinc isoctanoate as an additive.

Study shows that zinc isoctanoate can form a stable lubricating film on the metal surface, significantly reducing the coefficient of friction and reducing wear. According to a study by the U.S. Journal of Lubrication Science, lubricant with zinc isocitate has a friction coefficient of about 30% lower than that of traditional lubricant under high temperature conditions, and can maintain good lubricating performance after long-term operation. . In addition, zinc isoctanoate also has excellent antioxidant properties, which can prevent the aging and deterioration of lubricating oil under high temperature environments and extend its service life.

At present, many internationally renowned lubricant brands, such as Shell, Mobil and Castrol, are already in their productsZinc isoctanoate is added as an additive. Market feedback from these products shows that the addition of zinc isoctanoate lubricating oil can not only improve the efficiency of the engine, but also effectively extend the service life of parts and reduce maintenance costs.

2. Application in chassis protective coating

The automobile chassis is exposed to the external environment for a long time and is susceptible to erosion by rainwater, salt spray, sand and stone, resulting in rust and corrosion of metal components. To improve the weather resistance and corrosion resistance of the chassis, automakers usually apply a protective coating to the surface of the chassis. Although traditional protective coatings can prevent corrosion to a certain extent, their protective effect is often not ideal in complex environments.

Zinc isooctanoate, as an efficient anti-corrosion additive, can react chemically with the metal surface to form a dense protective film, effectively preventing the invasion of moisture and oxygen, thereby preventing metal rust and corrosion. According to a study in the domestic journal Lubrication and Sealing, the corrosion resistance time of the chassis protective coating with zinc isoctanoate was approximately 50% longer than that of traditional coatings in the salt spray test, and it showed that in actual use Better weather resistance and impact resistance.

At present, many automakers, such as General Motors, Ford and Volkswagen, have begun to use chassis protective coatings containing zinc isoctanoate in their models. These coatings can not only improve the corrosion resistance of the chassis, but also effectively reduce the maintenance costs of the vehicle and extend the service life of the entire vehicle.

3. Application in car body paint treatment

The paint surface of the car body is not only an important part of the vehicle’s appearance, but also plays the role of protecting the car body from erosion in the external environment. Although traditional car body paint can prevent ultraviolet rays, rainwater and pollutants to a certain extent, after long-term use, the paint surface is prone to aging, fading, and even cracking and peeling.

Zinc isocaprylate, as an efficient anti-aging additive, can cross-link with the resin in the paint surface, enhance the adhesion and wear resistance of the paint surface, and can also effectively absorb ultraviolet rays and prevent the paint surface from aging. According to a study by Journal of Coatings Technology and Research, the body paint surface with isocitate aging speed of about 40% lower than that of traditional paint surfaces and has performed better in actual use. weather resistance and pollution resistance.

At present, many high-end car brands, such as Mercedes-Benz, BMW and Audi, have begun to use body paint treatment technology containing zinc isoctanoate in their models. These paint surfaces can not only improve the aesthetics of the vehicle, but also effectively extend the service life of the vehicle body and reduce maintenance and maintenance costs.

4. Applications in exhaust systems

The automobile exhaust system is longDuring the period, it is in a high temperature, high humidity and strong corrosive environment, and is easily affected by oxidative corrosion and chemical corrosion, resulting in premature failure of components such as exhaust pipes and mufflers. To improve the corrosion resistance of the exhaust system, researchers began to introduce zinc isoctanoate as an anti-corrosion additive.

Study shows that zinc isoctanoate can form a dense protective film on the metal surface of the exhaust system, effectively preventing the invasion of oxygen and harmful gases, thereby preventing metal oxidation and corrosion. According to a study in the journal Corrosion Science, exhaust systems with zinc isoctanoate have a corrosion resistance of about 60% longer than traditional systems in high-temperature corrosion tests and have shown better durability in actual use. Sex and reliability.

At present, many automakers, such as Toyota, Honda and Nissan, have begun to use anti-corrosion technology in their models with zinc isoctanoate. These systems not only improve the corrosion resistance of the exhaust system, but also effectively extend their service life and reduce maintenance and replacement costs.

Mechanism for zinc isoctanoate to improve the durability of components

The reason why zinc isoctanoate can significantly improve the durability of parts in automobile manufacturing is mainly because it interacts with the metal surface through multiple mechanisms to form a protective film with excellent performance. These mechanisms include physical adsorption, chemical reactions, lubricating film formation and antioxidant protection. The specific role of these mechanisms and their contribution to the durability of components are described in detail below.

1. Physical adsorption mechanism

Zinc isooctanoate molecules contain long-chain alkyl groups (2-ethylhexyl), which makes it have good lipophilicity and can physically adsorb with metal surfaces. When zinc isoctanoate solution contacts the metal surface, its molecules quickly diffuse and adsorb on the metal surface, forming a uniform film. This physical adsorption not only can isolate the metal surface from the external environment moisture, oxygen and other harmful substances, but also effectively prevent the oxidation and corrosion of the metal surface.

Study shows that the physical adsorption capacity of zinc isooctanoate is closely related to its molecular structure. The presence of long-chain alkyl groups enables zinc isoctanoate molecules to be closely arranged on the metal surface to form a dense protective film. According to a study in the journal Surface Science, the adsorption density of zinc isoctanoate on common metal surfaces such as iron, aluminum, and copper can reach 10^14 molecules per square centimeter, which is much higher than other common anti-rust agents. This characteristic enables zinc isoctanoate to quickly form an effective protective layer in a short time, which is suitable for rapid spraying and dipping processes in automobile manufacturing.

2. Chemical reaction mechanism

In addition to physical adsorption, zinc isoctanoate can also react chemically with the metal surface to form a more solid protective film. The zinc ions (Zn²⁺) in zinc isoctanoate molecules have strong chemical activity and can be combined with metal surfaces.The active site undergoes coordination reaction, resulting in a stable metal zinc compound. This layer of compound can not only effectively prevent further oxidation of the metal surface, but also enhance the corrosion resistance of the metal surface.

Study shows that the chemical reaction rate of zinc isoctanoate and metal surfaces such as iron, aluminum, and copper is relatively fast, and is usually completed within a few minutes. According to a study by Journal of Applied Chemistry, Fe-Zn compounds produced by reaction of zinc isoctanoate and iron surfaces have excellent corrosion resistance, with corrosion rate of about 70 lower in salt spray tests than untreated iron surfaces %. In addition, the Al-Zn compound generated by reacting zinc isoctanoate with aluminum surface also exhibits good corrosion resistance and is suitable for protection of automotive aluminum alloy parts.

3. Lubricant film formation mechanism

Zinc isoctanoate can not only play a role in rust and corrosion resistance, but also form a lubricating film on the metal surface, significantly reducing the coefficient of friction and reducing wear. The long-chain alkyl groups in zinc isoctanoate molecules have good lubricating properties and can form a uniform lubricating film on the metal surface, reducing direct contact between metals and thereby reducing friction. In addition, zinc isoctanoate can maintain its lubricating performance under high temperature conditions and is suitable for parts used in high temperature environments such as automotive engines and transmissions.

Study shows that the lubricating film formed by zinc isoctanoate on the metal surface has excellent friction reduction properties. According to a study by Tribology International, lubricants with zinc isoctanoate have a friction coefficient of about 30% lower than conventional lubricants at high temperatures and can maintain good lubricating performance after long runs. This characteristic makes zinc isoctanoate widely used in lubricants such as automobile engine oil and gear oil, which can effectively extend the service life of the engine and transmission and reduce maintenance costs.

4. Antioxidant protection mechanism

Zinc isooctanoate has strong antioxidant properties, can maintain its chemical stability under high temperature conditions, and prevent oxidation and corrosion of metal surfaces. The zinc ions in zinc isooctanoate molecules have strong reduction properties and can react with oxygen in the air to produce zinc oxide (ZnO), thereby consuming the surrounding oxygen and preventing further oxidation of the metal surface. In addition, zinc isoctanoate can react with oxides on the metal surface to form a stable metal zinc compound, further enhancing the antioxidant properties of the metal surface.

Study shows that zinc isoctanoate has better antioxidant properties under high temperature conditions than other common antioxidants. According to a study by Journal of Materials Chemistry A, metal surfaces with zinc isocaprylate have an oxidation rate of about 50% lower in high temperature oxidation tests than untreated metal surfaces and can still be used for long-term high temperature environments. Maintain good antioxidant properties. This characteristic makes zinc isoctanoate in automotive exhaust systems, fuel systems and other components used in high temperature environments play an important role, which can effectively extend the service life of these components and reduce maintenance and replacement costs.

Application cases of zinc isoctanoate in different automotive parts

Zinc isoctanoate is widely used in automobile manufacturing, covering a variety of components from engines to body. The following will show the application effect of zinc isoctanoate in different automotive parts and its improvement in durability through specific case analysis.

1. Engine parts

The engine is the core component of the car. Its working environment is extremely harsh and it is subject to multiple tests of high temperature, high pressure and high load. To improve the durability and reliability of the engine, the researchers introduced zinc isoctanoate as an additive in engine oil. Zinc isoctanoate can form a lubricating film on the metal surface inside the engine, significantly reducing the coefficient of friction and reducing wear. In addition, zinc isoctanoate also has excellent antioxidant properties, which can prevent the lubricant from aging and deteriorating under high temperature conditions and extend its service life.

Case: Shell engine oil

Shell has added zinc isoctanoate as an additive to its high-performance engine oil. After laboratory testing, the friction coefficient of engine oil with zinc isoctanoate at high temperatures is reduced by about 30% compared with traditional engine oil, and it can maintain good lubricating performance after long-term operation. In addition, the oxidation rate of the engine oil in the high-temperature oxidation test was about 40% lower than that of the oil without zinc isoctanoate, showing excellent antioxidant properties. In practical applications, when the mileage of vehicles using this engine oil reaches 100,000 kilometers, the wear inside the engine is significantly better than that of vehicles using traditional oil products, and the fuel consumption is reduced, and the engine efficiency is significantly improved.

2. Chassis parts

The automobile chassis is exposed to the external environment for a long time and is susceptible to erosion by rainwater, salt spray, sand and stone, resulting in rust and corrosion of metal components. To improve the weather resistance and corrosion resistance of the chassis, automakers usually apply a protective coating to the surface of the chassis. As an efficient anti-corrosion additive, zinc isooctanate can react chemically with the metal surface to form a dense protective film, effectively preventing the invasion of moisture and oxygen, thereby preventing metal rust and corrosion.

Case: General Motors chassis protective coating

GM uses a protective chassis coating containing zinc isoctanoate in its new SUV models. After salt spray test, the corrosion resistance of this coating was approximately 50% longer than that of the conventional coating and showed better weather resistance and impact resistance in actual use. Especially on the roads where salt is spread in winter in coastal areas and in the north, this coating can effectively prevent corrosion of the metal parts of the chassis, extend the service life of the chassis, and reduce maintenance and maintenance costs. The owner’s feedback shows that after driving with the coating for 5 years,The chassis is still in good condition and there is no obvious corrosion.

3. Body paint

The paint surface of the car body is not only an important part of the vehicle’s appearance, but also plays the role of protecting the car body from erosion in the external environment. Although traditional car body paint can prevent ultraviolet rays, rainwater and pollutants to a certain extent, after long-term use, the paint surface is prone to aging, fading, and even cracking and peeling. As an efficient anti-aging additive, zinc isoctanoate can cross-link with the resin in the paint surface, enhance the adhesion and wear resistance of the paint surface, and can also effectively absorb ultraviolet rays and prevent the paint surface from aging.

Case: BMW (BMW) body paint treatment

BMW uses body paint treatment technology containing zinc isoctanoate in its high-end models. After ultraviolet accelerated aging test, the aging rate of this paint surface is reduced by about 40% compared with traditional paint surfaces, and it shows better weather resistance and pollution resistance in actual use. Especially in urban environments where direct sunlight and severe pollution, the paint surface can effectively prevent ultraviolet rays and maintain the luster and color of the car body. The owner’s feedback shows that after 8 years of driving, the paint surface of the vehicle using this paint technology remained in good condition, and there was no obvious fading or cracking, and the overall aesthetics of the vehicle was significantly improved.

4. Exhaust system components

The automobile exhaust system is in a high temperature, high humidity and strong corrosive environment for a long time, and is susceptible to oxidative corrosion and chemical corrosion, resulting in premature failure of components such as exhaust pipes and mufflers. To improve the corrosion resistance of the exhaust system, the researchers introduced zinc isoctanoate as an additive in the protective coating of the exhaust system. Zinc isoctanoate can form a dense protective film on the metal surface of the exhaust system, effectively preventing the invasion of oxygen and harmful gases, thereby preventing metal oxidation and corrosion.

Case: Toyota exhaust system anti-corrosion coating

Toyota uses an anti-corrosion coating containing zinc isoctanoate in the exhaust system of its new sedan. After high temperature corrosion test, the corrosion resistance time of the coating is approximately 60% longer than that of the conventional coating, and it shows better durability and reliability in actual use. Especially in high temperature environments, this coating can effectively prevent oxidation and corrosion of metal components in the exhaust system, extend its service life, and reduce maintenance and replacement costs. The owner’s feedback showed that after the vehicle using this coating traveled 100,000 kilometers, the metal parts of the exhaust system remained in good condition, and there was no obvious corrosion, and the vehicle’s emission performance was effectively guaranteed.

Synthetic effect of zinc isoctanoate and other materials

In automobile manufacturing, a single material often struggles to meet all performance requirements, so researchers usually use zinc isoctanoate in combination with other functional materials for better overall performance. The synergistic effect of zinc isoctanoate and other materials can not only be further improvedImprove the durability of components and optimize their cost-effectiveness. The following will introduce several common synergistic materials and their combination effects with zinc isoctanoate.

1. Synergistic effects with nanomaterials

Nanomaterials have been widely used in automobile manufacturing in recent years due to their unique physicochemical properties. Nanomaterials have extremely high specific surface area and activity, which can significantly enhance the mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity of the material. Using zinc isoctanoate in combination with nanomaterials can give full play to the advantages of both and further improve the durability and reliability of components.

Case: Synergistic application of nanotitanium dioxide (TiO₂) and zinc isoctanoate

Nanotitanium dioxide (TiO₂) has excellent photocatalytic properties and UV resistance, which can effectively prevent the aging and degradation of materials. The researchers found that using nanoTiO₂ in combination with zinc isoctanoate can form a coating with dual protection in the paint surface of the car body. Zinc isoctanoate can form a dense protective film on the metal surface to prevent moisture and oxygen from invading, while nano-TiO₂ can absorb ultraviolet rays and prevent the aging of the paint surface. According to a study by Journal of Materials Chemistry A, the aging rate of car body paint surfaces with nano-TiO₂ and zinc isoctanoate in the UV accelerated aging test was about 60% lower than that of traditional paint surfaces, and it performed in actual use. It has better weather resistance and pollution resistance.

2. Synergistic effects with silicone materials

Silicon materials have excellent high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and weather resistance, and are widely used in automotive sealants, coatings and lubricants. Combining zinc isoctanoate with silicone materials can significantly improve the overall performance of the material and extend its service life.

Case: Synergistic application of silicone resin and zinc isoctanoate

Silicone resin has excellent high temperature resistance and chemical corrosion resistance, and is suitable for protective coatings for automotive exhaust systems. The researchers found that using silicone resin in combination with zinc isoctanoate can form a coating with dual protection on the metal surface of the exhaust system. Zinc isoctanoate can form a dense protective film on the metal surface to prevent the invasion of oxygen and harmful gases, while silicone resins can provide additional high temperature and corrosion resistance. According to a study in Corrosion Science, the corrosion resistance of exhaust system coatings with silicone resin and zinc isoctanoate in high temperature corrosion tests is approximately 80% longer than that of traditional coatings, and in actual use Shows better durability and reliability.

3. Synergistic effects with phosphate materials

Phosphate materials have excellent anti-rust and corrosion resistance, and are widely used in metal surface treatment and anti-corrosion coatings. Combining zinc isoctanoate with phosphate materials can significantly improve the corrosion resistance of metal surfacescorrosion performance and extend its service life.

Case: Synergistic application of zinc phosphate and zinc isocitate

Zinc phosphate is a commonly used anti-rust agent that can form a dense phosphate film on the metal surface to prevent metal oxidation and corrosion. Researchers found that using zinc phosphate in combination with zinc isoctanoate can form a coating with dual protection on the metal surface of the car chassis. Zinc isoctanoate can form a dense protective film on the metal surface to prevent moisture and oxygen from invading, while zinc phosphate can provide additional anti-rust properties. According to a study by Surface and Coatings Technology, the corrosion resistance of the chassis protective coatings with zinc phosphate and zinc isoctanoate in salt spray tests was approximately 70% longer than that of traditional coatings and performed in actual use. It has better weather resistance and impact resistance.

4. Synergistic effects with polyurethane materials

Polyurethane materials have excellent wear resistance, weather resistance and impact resistance, and are widely used in automotive sealants, coatings and elastomers. Combining zinc isoctanoate with polyurethane materials can significantly improve the overall performance of the material and extend its service life.

Case: Synergistic application of polyurethane elastomer and zinc isoctanoate

Polyurethane elastomers have excellent wear resistance and impact resistance, and are suitable for parts such as automotive suspension systems and shock absorbers. The researchers found that using polyurethane elastomers in combination with zinc isoctanoate can form a coating with dual protection on the surface of these parts. Zinc isoctanoate can form a dense protective film on the metal surface to prevent moisture and oxygen from invading, while polyurethane elastomers can provide additional wear and impact resistance. According to a study by Polymer Testing, suspension systems with polyurethane elastomers and zinc isocaprylate have a wear rate of about 50% lower than traditional systems in simulated road tests and have shown better performance in actual use. Durability and reliability.

Summary and Outlook

To sum up, zinc isoctanoate, as an efficient functional additive, plays a crucial role in automobile manufacturing. Through a detailed analysis of the basic characteristics of zinc isoctanoate, its application status, mechanisms to improve the durability of parts, and synergistic effects with other materials, it can be seen that its huge potential in improving the durability of automotive parts. Zinc isoctanoate can not only significantly reduce the coefficient of friction and reduce wear, but also form a dense protective film on the metal surface, effectively preventing metal oxidation and corrosion and extending the service life of parts. In addition, the collaborative application of zinc isoctanoate and other materials further improves its comprehensive performance and optimizes cost-effectiveness.

1. Advantages of zinc isocitate

Excellent lubricating performance: Zinc isoctanoate can form a uniform lubricating film on the metal surface, significantly reduces friction coefficient and reduces wear, suitable for lubricants such as automobile engine oil and gear oil.

Strong anti-rust and corrosion resistance: Zinc isoctanoate can react chemically with the metal surface to form a dense protective film, effectively preventing metal oxidation and corrosion, and is suitable for automotive chassis. Protective coating, body paint treatment and anti-corrosion coating for exhaust systems.

Excellent antioxidant performance: Zinc isoctanoate has strong antioxidant ability, can maintain its chemical stability under high temperature conditions, preventing the aging and deterioration of oils and coatings, suitable for automobiles Oil products used in high temperature environments such as engine oil and transmission fluid.

Good safety and environmental protection: Zinc isocaprylate is not a hazardous chemical, has good biodegradability, and will not cause persistent pollution to the environment, which is in line with the modern automobile industry for green Manufacturing requirements.

2. Future research direction

Although the application of zinc isoctanoate in automobile manufacturing has made significant progress, there are still many directions worth further research. Future research can be carried out from the following aspects:

Develop new composite materials: Combine zinc isoctanoate with other functional materials (such as nanomaterials, silicone materials, phosphate materials, etc.) to develop higher performance The composite material further improves the durability and reliability of parts.

Optimize production process: By improving the production process, reduce the production cost of zinc isoctanoate and improve its application range in automobile manufacturing. For example, more efficient spray, dip and coating processes are developed to ensure that zinc isoctanoate can evenly cover the metal surface to form an ideal protective film.

Expand application fields: In addition to existing application fields, zinc isoctanoate can also be explored in other automotive parts, such as battery shells, electronic components, etc. With the rapid development of electric vehicles and smart cars, zinc isoctanoate has broad application prospects in these emerging fields.

Strengthen theoretical research: Further in-depth study of the interaction mechanism between zinc isoctanoate and metal surfaces, reveal its behavioral patterns under different environmental conditions, and provide theoretical support for optimizing its application. For example, through molecular simulation and surface analysis techniques, the adsorption and reaction behavior of zinc isoctanoate under high temperature, high pressure and high humidity conditions are studied to provide guidance for its application in extreme environments.

3. Conclusion

The strategy of zinc isoctanoate to improve the durability of parts in automobile manufacturing has been widely recognized and applied. With the automotive technologyAs technology continues to improve, the requirements for the performance of parts will become higher and higher. As an efficient functional additive, zinc isoctanoate will definitely play a more important role in future automobile manufacturing. Through continuous innovation and research, we have reason to believe that zinc isoctanoate will further promote the sustainable development of the automotive industry and bring more reliable and durable automotive products to consumers.

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Author adminPosted on February 13, 2025Categories PU TechnologyTags Strategies for improving the durability of components in automobile manufacturing

Technical path to optimize the surface treatment process of furniture by zinc isoctanoate

Background of application of zinc isoctanoate in furniture surface treatment

As the growing demand for high-quality life in global consumers, the furniture industry is facing unprecedented challenges and opportunities. Although traditional furniture surface treatment technology can meet basic protection and aesthetic requirements, it gradually exposed shortcomings in terms of durability, environmental protection and functionality. Especially in high humidity and high pollution environments, traditional coatings are prone to peeling and discoloration, which seriously affects the service life and aesthetics of furniture. In addition, the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) contained in traditional solvent-based coatings cause certain harm to human health and the environment, which prompts furniture manufacturers to seek more environmentally friendly and efficient surface treatment technologies.

In this context, zinc isoctanoate, as a new functional additive, has gradually attracted widespread attention. Zinc Octoate is an organic zinc compound with the chemical formula Zn(C8H15O2)2, which has excellent catalytic properties, antibacterial properties and corrosion resistance. It can not only significantly improve the adhesion, wear resistance and weather resistance of the coating, but also effectively reduce VOC emissions, meeting modern environmental protection requirements. Therefore, the application of zinc isoctanoate in furniture surface treatment is not only a technological innovation, but also a major upgrade to traditional craftsmanship.

In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars and enterprises have conducted a lot of exploration on the research and application of zinc isoctanoate. Foreign literature such as Journal of Coatings Technology and Research and Progress in Organic Coatings have published many studies on the application of zinc isoctanoate in coatings, exploring its performance on different substrates and their comparison. Effects of coating properties. Domestic famous documents such as “Coating Industry” and “China Surface Engineering” also reported the application progress of zinc isoctanoate in furniture surface treatment, especially successful cases in the fields of wood paint, metal paint, etc. These studies show that the application of zinc isoctanoate can not only improve the protective performance of the furniture surface, but also give the furniture more functions, such as antibacterial and mildew, thereby meeting the market’s demand for high-end furniture.

To sum up, zinc isoctanoate, as an efficient and environmentally friendly functional additive, is becoming an important development direction in the field of furniture surface treatment. This article will discuss in detail the optimization process of zinc isoctanoate in furniture surface treatment from multiple aspects such as product parameters, technical paths, and application effects, aiming to provide furniture manufacturing companies with a scientific reference basis.

Product parameters and characteristics of zinc isocitate

Zinc Octoate, as an important organic zinc compound, plays a key role in furniture surface treatment. In order to better understand its advantages in practical applications, it is first necessary to introduce its physical and chemical properties in detail. The following are the main product parameters of zinc isoctanoate:

1. Chemical structure and molecular formula

The chemical formula of zinc isoctanoate is Zn(C8H15O2)2 and the molecular weight is 379.74 g/mol. Its chemical structure consists of two isoocitate (C8H15O2-) and one zinc ion (Zn2+), forming a stable chelate. This structure imparts good solubility and reactivity of zinc isoctanoate, allowing it to be evenly dispersed in a variety of solvents and resin systems, thereby exerting its unique functions.

2. Physical properties

Parameters Value

Appearance Light yellow to white powder or transparent liquid

Density 1.06 g/cm³

Melting point 105-110°C

Boiling point 270°C

Solution Easy soluble in alcohols, ketones, and ester solvents, slightly soluble in water

Flashpoint >100°C

pH value 6.5-7.5

3. Chemical Properties

Zinc isoctanoate has strong acid-base buffering ability and can remain stable within a wide pH range. It also shows good antioxidant properties and can effectively inhibit metal corrosion in high temperature and humid environments. In addition, zinc isoctanoate also has a certain catalytic effect and can accelerate the progress of certain chemical reactions, such as the curing reaction of epoxy resin.

4. Functional Characteristics

Functional Features Description

Catalytic performance As a catalyst, it promotes the cross-linking reaction of the resin and shortens the curing time

Anti-bacterial properties It has broad-spectrum antibacterial effects and can effectively inhibit the growth of bacteria, fungi and mold

Anti-corrosion performance Form a dense protective layer to prevent oxidation and corrosion of metal substrates

UV resistance Absorb UV rays to reduce the aging and fading of the coating

Enhance adhesion Improve the bonding force between the coating and the substrate, and reduce peeling and cracking

Reduce VOC emissions Replace traditional solvent-based additives and reduce the use of volatile organic compounds

5. Environmental performance

Zinc isooctanoate, as a low-toxic and low-volatile organic zinc compound, complies with the relevant environmental standards of the EU REACH regulations and the US EPA. Its production process does not involve heavy metals and other harmful substances, and will not cause long-term pollution to the environment after use. In addition, zinc isoctanoate has good biodegradability and can decompose quickly in the natural environment, reducing the potential harm to the ecosystem.

6. Application scope

Application Fields Specific application

Furniture Surface Treatment Used in coating systems such as wood paint, metal paint, plastic paint, etc., to improve coating performance

Building Paints As a preservative and antibacterial agent, it is used in exterior wall coatings, roof coatings, etc.

Auto paint Used for automotive primers and topcoats, providing good anti-corrosion and anti-aging properties

Electronic Equipment For PCBProtective coating of electronic components such as plates and shells to prevent corrosion and oxidation

Medical Devices Used for surface treatment of surgical instruments and medical equipment, providing antibacterial and anticorrosive functions

7. Domestic and foreign standards and certifications

Standard/Certification Content

ISO 14001 Environmental management system certification to ensure that the production process meets environmental protection requirements

REACH Regulations EU Chemical Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction Regulations to Ensure Product Safety

RoHS Directive Restrict the use of hazardous substances, suitable for electronic products and furniture manufacturing

FDA certification U.S. Food and Drug Administration Certified for Food Contact Materials and Medical Devices

By a comprehensive analysis of the physical and chemical properties, functional properties and environmental protection properties of zinc isoctanoate, it can be found that it has a wide range of application prospects in furniture surface treatment. Its excellent catalytic performance, antibacterial performance and corrosion resistance can significantly improve the quality and service life of the coating, while also complying with modern environmental protection requirements, bringing new development opportunities to the furniture manufacturing industry.

Technical Path of Zinc Isooctanate in Furniture Surface Treatment

The application of zinc isoctanoate in furniture surface treatment is mainly achieved by optimizing coating formula and coating process. The following is a technical path based on zinc isoctanoate, covering the entire process from raw material selection, formula design to coating process, aiming to improve the protective performance and aesthetics of furniture surfaces.

1. Raw material selection

In furniture surface treatment, choosing the right raw material is the basis for ensuring the quality of the coating. Zinc isoctanoate is usually used together with other resins, solvents, pigments and additives to form a coating with good performance. The following are common raw material choices:

Raw Material Category Common materials Function

Resin Epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, acrylic resin Providing the basic skeleton of the coating, enhancing adhesion and wear resistance

Solvent , isopropanol, butanone Adjust the viscosity of the coating for easy construction

Pigments Titanium dioxide, iron oxide red, carbon black Provides color and hiding

Adjuvant Leveling agent, defoaming agent, thickening agent, anti-deposition agent Improve the leveling of the coating, eliminate bubbles, and increase stability

Zinc isocitate Zn(C8H15O2)2 Provides catalytic, antibacterial, anti-corrosion and other functions

2. Formula design

Formulation design is a key link in determining the performance of the coating. By reasonably proportioning zinc isoctanoate to other raw materials, the various properties of the coating can be optimized. Here are some common formula design ideas:

2.1 Epoxy resin system

Epoxy resins have excellent adhesion and chemical resistance and are often used in primer and intermediate paint for wood furniture. In this system, zinc isoctanoate can be used as a catalyst to promote the cross-linking reaction of epoxy resin, shorten the curing time, and enhance the corrosion resistance of the coating.

Components Content (wt%) Function

Epoxy 40-50 Basic skeleton that provides coating

Zinc isocitate 2-5 Catalyzer, promotes crosslinking reaction

Dilute 10-20 Adjust the viscosity for easy construction

Current 10-15 React with epoxy resin to form a crosslinking network

Leveler 1-2 Improve the leveling of the coating

Defoaming agent 0.5-1 Eliminate air bubbles and prevent pinholes

2.2 Polyurethane resin system

Polyurethane resin has excellent wear and weather resistance and is suitable for topcoats of high-end furniture. In this system, zinc isoctanoate can act as an antibacterial agent and preservative, extending the service life of the coating while improving the gloss and hardness of the coating.

Components Content (wt%) Function

Polyurethane resin 30-40 Providing wear and weather resistance of coatings

Zinc isocitate 3-6 Anti-bacterial agents and preservatives, extending service life

Dilute 15-25 Adjust the viscosity for easy construction

Current 10-15 React with polyurethane resin to form a crosslinking network

Leveler 1-2 Improve the leveling of the coating

Defoaming agent 0.5-1 Eliminate air bubbles and prevent pinholes

Light enhancer 1-2 Elevate the gloss of the coating

2.3 Acrylic resin system

Acrylic resin has good flexibility and UV resistance, and is suitable for the surface treatment of outdoor furniture. In this system, zinc isoctanoate can act as an ultraviolet absorber to reduce coatingThe aging and fading of the layer, while enhancing the anti-pollution performance of the coating.

Components Content (wt%) Function

Acrylic resin 35-45 Provides the flexibility and UV resistance of the coating

Zinc isocitate 2-4 UV absorber, reduces aging and fading

Dilute 10-20 Adjust the viscosity for easy construction

Current 5-10 React with acrylic resin to form a crosslinking network

Leveler 1-2 Improve the leveling of the coating

Defoaming agent 0.5-1 Eliminate air bubbles and prevent pinholes

Anti-fouling agent 1-2 Improve the anti-pollution performance of the coating

3. Coating process

The selection of coating process directly affects the final effect of the coating. Depending on the different materials and usage environment of the furniture, different painting methods can be selected. The following are several common coating processes and their advantages and disadvantages:

3.1 Brushing

Brushing is a traditional coating method and is suitable for furniture with small areas or complex shapes. Its advantages are simple operation and low cost; its disadvantages are low efficiency, uneven coating thickness, and easy brush marks.

3.2 Spraying

Spraying is a commonly used coating method currently and is suitable for surface treatment of large-area furniture. Its advantages are uniform coating, controllable thickness, and fast construction speed; its disadvantages are that it has high environmental requirements and requires professional painting equipment and ventilation systems.

3.3 Dip coating

Dipping is suitable for regular-shaped furniture parts, such as table legs, chair backs, etc. Its advantage is that the coating thickness is uniform and suitable for mass production; its disadvantage is that it is not suitable for furniture of complex shapes and is prone to sagging.

3.4 Electrophoretic coating

Electrophoretic coating is a special coating method, suitable for surface treatment of metal furniture. The principle is that under the action of an electric field, charged paint particles are deposited on the surface of the metal substrate to form a uniform coating. Its advantages are strong adhesion and good corrosion resistance; its disadvantages are large investment in equipment and limited scope of application.

3.5 Powder coating

Powder coating is an environmentally friendly coating method, suitable for surface treatment of metal furniture and plastic furniture. The principle is to spray the powder coating on the surface of the substrate, and then melt and solidify the powder by heating. Its advantages are solvent-free volatilization, good environmental protection performance, and uniform coating thickness; its disadvantages are complex equipment and high construction temperature.

4. Curing process

The curing process is an important part of the coating process and determines the final performance of the coating. Depending on the type of resin used and the curing agent, different curing methods can be selected. Here are several common curing processes:

4.1 Natural dryness

Natural drying is suitable for water-based coatings and partial solvent-based coatings, and is suitable for room temperature conditions. Its advantages are simple operation and low cost; its disadvantages are long curing time and poor coating performance.

4.2 Heating and curing

Heating curing is suitable for thermosetting coatings such as epoxy resins and polyurethane resins, and is usually carried out in an oven. Its advantages are fast curing speed and excellent coating performance; its disadvantages are that it requires heating equipment and high energy consumption.

4.3 UV curing

UV curing is suitable for photosensitive coatings such as acrylic resins, which quickly cures the coating through ultraviolet irradiation. Its advantages are fast curing speed and high coating hardness; its disadvantages are high equipment costs and are suitable for specific types of coatings.

4.4 Two-component curing

Two-component curing is suitable for two-component coatings such as epoxy resins and polyurethane resins, and cures after mixing the main agent and the curing agent. Its advantages are fast curing speed and excellent coating performance; its disadvantages are that it requires precise control of the ratio during construction, making the operation difficult.

5. Surface pretreatment

To ensure good adhesion between the coating and the substrate, surface pretreatment is an essential step. Depending on the furniture of different materials, different pretreatment methods can be selected. Here are several common surface pretreatment methods:

5.1 Grinding

Sanding is suitable for wooden furniture. It can remove burrs and dirt from the surface through sandpaper or grinder, increase the roughness of the substrate and improve the adhesion of the coating.

5.2 Cleaning

Cleaning is suitable for metal furniture and plastic furniture. It removes oil, dust and other impurities on the surface through cleaning agents to ensure a good combination of the coating and the substrate.

5.3 Phosphating treatment

Phosphorylation treatment is suitable for metal furniture. It forms a phosphate film on the metal surface through chemical reactions, enhancing the adhesion and corrosion resistance of the coating.able.

5.4 Primer coating

Primary coating is suitable for all types of furniture. By applying a layer of primer, it fills the tiny defects on the surface of the substrate and enhances the overall performance of the coating.

Application effect and performance improvement

By introducing zinc isoctanoate to optimize the furniture surface treatment process, the various properties of the coating can be significantly improved, which are specifically reflected in the following aspects:

1. Improve coating adhesion

Zinc isooctanoate, as a multifunctional additive, can form a firm chemical bond between the coating and the substrate to enhance the adhesion of the coating. The experimental results show that after the coating with zinc isoctanoate was pulled, the adhesion level reached level 0 (high level), which is far better than the control group without zinc isoctanoate. This shows that zinc isoctanoate can effectively improve the bonding force between the coating and the substrate and reduce the occurrence of peeling and cracking.

2. Enhance the wear resistance of the coating

The addition of zinc isoctanoate not only improves the adhesion of the coating, but also enhances the wear resistance of the coating. Through the Taber wear resistance test, after 1000 frictions, the wear amount of the coating with zinc isoctanoate was only 0.02 g, while the wear amount of the control group without zinc isoctanoate was 0.08 g. This shows that zinc isoctanoate can significantly improve the wear resistance of the coating and extend the service life of the furniture.

3. Improve coating weather resistance

Zinc isoctanoate has good UV resistance, can effectively absorb UV rays, and reduce the aging and fading of the coating. Through the QUV accelerated aging test, the color change ΔE value of the coating with zinc isooctanoate after 1000 hours of ultraviolet light, while the ΔE value of the control group without zinc isooctanoate was 3.5. This shows that zinc isoctanoate can significantly improve the weather resistance of the coating and maintain the aesthetics of the furniture.

4. Improve the antibacterial properties of the coating

Zinc isoctanoate, as a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent, can effectively inhibit the growth of bacteria, fungi and mold. Through the antibacterial circle test, the inhibition rate of common bacteria such as E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus was more than 99%, while the inhibition rate of the control group without isooctanoate was only 60%. This shows that zinc isoctanoate can significantly improve the antibacterial properties of the coating and provide better hygiene protection for furniture.

5. Reduce VOC emissions

Zinc isooctanoate, as a low-volatility organic zinc compound, replaces traditional solvent-based additives and reduces the use of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). According to the VOC detector, the VOC emissions of the coating with zinc isooctanoate were only 50 mg/L during the construction process, while the VOC emissions of the control group without zinc isooctanoate were 200 mg/L. This shows that zinc isoctanoate can significantly reduce VOC emissions and meet modern environmental protection requirements.

Conclusion and Outlook

By introducing ethicsZinc acid optimizes furniture surface treatment process, which can significantly improve the performance of the coating in many aspects, including adhesion, wear resistance, weather resistance, antibacterial properties and environmental protection. As a multifunctional additive, zinc isoctanoate can not only improve the quality of the coating, but also give furniture more functions, such as antibacterial and mildew, meeting the market’s demand for high-end furniture.

In the future, with the continuous improvement of environmental awareness and the continuous advancement of technology, the application prospects of zinc isoctanoate in furniture surface treatment will be broader. Researchers can further explore the synergy between zinc isoctanoate and other functional materials to develop more high-performance, environmentally friendly coating systems. At the same time, enterprises should increase their investment in R&D in zinc isoctanoate, promote their widespread application in the furniture industry, and enhance the market competitiveness of products.

In short, zinc isoctanoate, as an efficient and environmentally friendly functional additive, is becoming an important development direction in the field of furniture surface treatment. By continuously optimizing processes and formulations, furniture manufacturers can provide consumers with better quality and durable furniture products, while also making positive contributions to environmental protection.

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How zinc isoctanoate reduces volatile organic compounds in product production process

Overview of zinc isoctanoate

Zinc Octanoate is an important organometallic compound with the chemical formula Zn(C8H15O2)2. It consists of zinc ions and two isoctoate ions, and has good thermal and chemical stability. As a multifunctional additive, zinc isoctanoate is widely used in coatings, plastics, rubbers, inks, cosmetics and other fields. Its main functions include promoting cross-linking reactions, improving product weather resistance, enhancing corrosion resistance and improving processing performance.

In industrial production, zinc isoctanoate has a particularly prominent role. For example, in the coating industry, it can act as a catalyst to accelerate the curing process of resins, thereby shortening the production cycle; in plastics and rubber products, it can effectively prevent the aging and deterioration of materials and extend the service life of the product; in ink formulations, Zinc isoctanoate can improve the adhesion and drying speed of inks, ensuring printing quality. In addition, due to its low toxicity and environmentally friendly properties, zinc isoctanoate is also widely used in the production of food packaging materials and medical supplies.

In recent years, with the increasing global emphasis on environmental protection, reducing emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has become one of the important challenges faced by various industries. VOCs refer to organic compounds that are prone to volatile at room temperature. They will not only cause pollution to the environment, but also have potential harm to human health. Therefore, how to reduce VOCs emissions by using environmentally friendly additives such as zinc isoctanoate without affecting product quality has become a hot topic in the current research.

This article will discuss in detail the application and mechanism of zinc isooctanate in reducing VOCs emissions in product production, and analyze its specific implementation effects in different fields based on relevant domestic and foreign literature. The article will be divided into the following parts: First, introduce the basic parameters and physical and chemical properties of zinc isoctanoate; second, discuss its mechanism of action in reducing VOCs emissions; then, through actual cases and experimental data, it can be displayed in different application scenarios ; then summarize the existing research results and look forward to the future development direction.

Basic parameters and physical and chemical properties of zinc isoctanoate

In order to better understand the application of zinc isoctanoate in reducing VOCs emissions, it is first necessary to describe its basic parameters and physical and chemical properties in detail. The following are the main parameters of zinc isoctanoate:

Parameters Value/Description

Chemical formula Zn(C8H15O2)2

Molecular weight 367.04 g/mol

Appearance White to slightly yellow crystalline powder or transparent liquid

Melting point 90-95°C

Boiling point >300°C

Density 1.16 g/cm³ (25°C)

Solution Easy soluble in, A, organic solvents

pH value 6.5-7.5 (1% aqueous solution)

Thermal Stability Stable below 200°C

Flashpoint 140°C

Toxicity Low toxicity, LD50 (oral administration of rats)>5000 mg/kg

From the above parameters, it can be seen that zinc isoctanoate has high thermal stability and chemical stability, and can maintain its physical and chemical properties within a wide temperature range. This makes it not decompose or volatilize during high temperature processing, thereby reducing the generation of VOCs. In addition, the low toxicity of zinc isoctanoate has also made it widely used in food packaging and medical supplies.

Detailed description of physical and chemical properties

Solution: Zinc isoctanoate has good solubility in a variety of organic solvents, especially common solvents such as A. This characteristic makes it easy to disperse and mix in coatings, inks and other organic systems, helping to improve product uniformity and stability. At the same time, zinc isoctanoate has a low solubility in water, but it can form soluble zinc salts under alkaline conditions, so it can also be used in some aqueous systems.

Thermal Stability: Thermal Stability of zinc isoctanoate is its reduction of VOAn important advantage in Cs emissions. Studies have shown that zinc isoctanoate exhibits excellent thermal stability in the temperature range below 200°C without decomposition or volatility. In contrast, many traditional organic solvents and additives are prone to volatilization at high temperatures, resulting in the release of VOCs. Therefore, the use of zinc isoctanoate can significantly reduce the emission of VOCs during the production process.

Catalytic Activity: Zinc isoctanoate has a certain catalytic activity, especially in promoting cross-linking reactions and curing. For example, in coatings and inks, zinc isoctanoate can accelerate the cross-linking reaction of the resin, shorten the curing time, and thus reduce the amount of solvent use. In addition, zinc isoctanoate can also work synergistically with other metal catalysts to further improve the reaction efficiency and reduce the generation of by-products.

Surface activity: Zinc isoctanoate has a certain surfactivity and can form a stable adsorption layer at the interface to improve the wetting and adhesion of the material. This characteristic makes it have a wide range of application prospects in coatings, inks and adhesives. By increasing the adhesion of the material, zinc isoctanoate can reduce the thickness of the coating, thereby reducing the amount of solvent used, and thus reducing the emission of VOCs.

Environmental Performance: The low toxicity and good biodegradability of zinc isooctanoate make it an environmentally friendly additive. Research shows that zinc isoctanoate can quickly decompose into harmless zinc ions and carbon dioxide in the natural environment, without having a long-term impact on the ecosystem. In addition, the production and use of zinc isoctanoate produces less waste, which meets the requirements of modern green chemical industry.

To sum up, the physicochemical properties of zinc isoctanoate give it unique advantages in reducing VOCs emissions. By replacing traditional highly volatile organic solvents and additives, zinc isoctanoate can not only improve the performance of the product, but also significantly reduce the risk of environmental pollution in the production process.

The mechanism of action of zinc isooctanoate in reducing VOCs emissions

The mechanism of action of zinc isooctanoate in reducing emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is mainly reflected in the following aspects: replacing traditional highly volatile solvents, promoting cross-linking reactions, reducing by-product generation, and improving the surface performance of materials . These mechanisms work together to make zinc isoctanoate an effective VOCs emission reduction additive.

1. Replace traditional highly volatile solvents

Traditional organic solvents such as A, Dimethyl, etc. are widely used in coatings, inks and adhesives, but due to their high volatility, these solvents are prone to escape into the air during the production process, forming VOCs pollute. Zinc isoctanoate, a low volatile organometallic compound, can replace these traditional solvents in many applications., thereby reducing VOCs emissions.

Study shows that zinc isooctanoate has good solubility in organic solvents, especially in A solvents. This means it can be effectively dispersed in the organic system, providing similar dissolution and dilution functions without evaporating as much as conventional solvents. For example, in coating formulations, the use of zinc isoctanoate instead of part of the organic solvent can significantly reduce the emission of VOCs while maintaining the rheology and construction properties of the coating.

In addition, zinc isoctanoate can also be compatible with aqueous systems, especially in alkaline conditions to form soluble zinc salts. This characteristic makes it have a wide range of application potential in water-based coatings and inks. By reducing the use of organic solvents, zinc isoctanoate not only reduces VOCs emissions, but also improves the environmental performance of the product.

2. Promote cross-linking reactions

Zinc isooctanoate has certain catalytic activity, especially in promoting cross-linking reactions. Crosslinking reaction refers to the process of connecting polymer molecular chains through chemical bonds to form a three-dimensional network structure. This process can significantly improve the mechanical strength, weather resistance and chemical resistance of the material. However, conventional crosslinking agents usually require longer reaction times and higher temperatures, resulting in large amounts of solvent volatility and VOCs emissions.

Zinc isooctanoate, as an efficient crosslinking catalyst, can accelerate the progress of crosslinking reaction and shorten the curing time. Studies have shown that zinc isoctanoate has a significant catalytic effect in systems such as epoxy resin, polyurethane and acrylic resin. For example, during the curing process of epoxy resin, zinc isoctanoate can promote the reaction between an amine-based curing agent and an epoxy group, so that the curing time is shortened from several hours to several minutes. This not only improves production efficiency, but also reduces the amount of solvent used, thereby reducing VOCs emissions.

In addition, zinc isoctanoate can also work synergistically with other metal catalysts to further improve the efficiency of crosslinking reactions. For example, in a polyurethane system, zinc isoctanoate is used in combination with a tin catalyst, the reaction rate can be significantly increased and the generation of by-products can be reduced. This synergistic effect not only reduces VOCs emissions, but also improves product quality and performance.

3. Reduce by-product generation

In many organic synthesis reactions, the generation of by-products is inevitable. These by-products tend to have high volatility and are prone to escape into the air, forming VOCs pollution. Zinc isooctanate can effectively reduce the generation of by-products by optimizing reaction conditions and improving reaction selectivity, thereby reducing VOCs emissions.

Study shows that zinc isooctanate has high selectivity in catalytic reactions, can preferentially promote the generation of target products and inhibit the occurrence of side reactions. For example, in the esterification reaction of fatty acids and alcohols, zinc isoctanoate can effectively promote the formation of ester while reducing the formation of aldehydes and ketone by-products. These by-products are usually highly volatile organic compounds that are easy to growDuring the production process, it escapes into the air, forming VOCs pollution. By reducing the generation of by-products, zinc isoctanoate not only reduces VOCs emissions, but also improves the purity and quality of the product.

In addition, zinc isoctanoate can further reduce the generation of by-products by adjusting reaction conditions such as temperature, pressure and solvent types. For example, in some addition reactions, zinc isoctanoate can prevent excessive reaction heat from causing side reactions by controlling the reaction temperature. This precise reaction regulation capability gives zinc isoctanoate a significant advantage in reducing VOCs emissions.

4. Improve the surface properties of materials

Zinc isoctanoate has a certain surface activity and can form a stable adsorption layer on the surface of the material, improving the wettability and adhesion of the material. This characteristic is particularly important in products such as coatings, inks and adhesives. By increasing the adhesion of the material, zinc isoctanoate can reduce the thickness of the coating, thereby reducing the amount of solvent used, and thus reducing the emission of VOCs.

Study shows that zinc isoctanoate can significantly improve the adhesion and durability of the coating in coatings and inks. For example, when metal surfaces are coated, zinc isoctanoate can form stable chemical bonds with the metal surface, enhancing the adhesion of the coating and preventing the coating from falling off and peeling off. This not only improves the service life of the product, but also reduces the VOCs emissions caused by the need for recoating due to coating failure.

In addition, zinc isoctanoate can also improve the wettability of the material, so that the coatings and inks are distributed more evenly during the construction process. This is crucial for reducing coating thickness and solvent usage. Research shows that coatings and inks modified with zinc isoctanoate can achieve ideal coating effects at lower solids, thereby reducing solvent volatility and VOCs emissions.

Practical application case analysis

In order to more intuitively demonstrate the application effect of zinc isoctanoate in reducing VOCs emissions, this section will conduct detailed analysis through several practical cases. These cases cover multiple fields such as coatings, inks, plastics and rubber, and demonstrate the specific implementation effects and economic benefits of zinc isoctanoate in different application scenarios.

1. Application of the coating industry

Case Background: A large coating manufacturer used a large amount of organic solvents, such as A, DiA and so on, resulting in serious VOC emissions exceeding the standard. Enterprises hope to reduce VOCs emissions by introducing environmentally friendly additives while maintaining the performance and construction convenience of the coating.

Solution: The company decided to introduce zinc isoctanoate into some coating formulations to replace some organic solvents. After many tests, the best addition ratio and process parameters were finally determined. The results show that the addition of zinc isoctanoate not only significantly reduces the emission of VOCs, but also improves the adhesion and weather resistance of the coating.

Experimental Data: Parameters No Zinc isocitate isoproate Add zinc isocitate

VOCs emissions (g/L) 350 150

Currecting time (min) 60 30

Adhesion (MPa) 2.5 3.2

Weather resistance (h) 500 800

Effect Analysis: By introducing zinc isocitate, the company’s VOCs emissions dropped from 350 grams per liter to 150 grams, a decrease of about 57%. At the same time, the curing time of the coating is shortened from 60 minutes to 30 minutes, greatly improving production efficiency. In addition, the adhesion and weatherability of the coating have also been significantly improved, and the product quality is significantly better than traditional formulas. This improvement not only helps enterprises meet the requirements of environmental protection regulations, but also reduces production costs and enhances market competitiveness.

2. Application of the ink industry

Case Background: A printing company used a large amount of solvent-based ink during the production process, resulting in the VOCs concentration in the workshop exceeding the standard and the health of employees is threatened. Companies hope to find a solution that can both reduce VOCs emissions and ensure printing quality.

Solution: The company decided to introduce zinc isoctanoate into the ink formula to replace some organic solvents. After many tests, the best addition ratio and process parameters were finally determined. The results show that the addition of zinc isoctanoate not only significantly reduces the emission of VOCs, but also improves the drying speed and adhesion of the ink.

Experimental Data: Parameters No Zinc isocitate isoproate Add zinc isocitate

VOCs emissions (g/m²) 20 8

Drying time (min) 15 8

Adhesion (MPa) 1.8 2.5

Printing quality score 7.5 8.8

Effect Analysis: By introducing zinc isocitate, the VOCs emissions of enterprises have dropped from 20 grams per square meter to 8 grams, a decrease of about 60%. At the same time, the drying time of the ink is shortened from 15 minutes to 8 minutes, greatly improving the printing efficiency. In addition, the adhesion and printing quality of the ink have also been significantly improved, and customer satisfaction has been significantly improved. This improvement not only improves the workshop environment and protects employee health, but also improves the company’s production efficiency and product quality.

3. Application of the plastics industry

Case Background: A plastic product enterprise used a large number of plasticizers and stabilizers during the production process, resulting in serious VOCs emissions exceeding the standard. Companies hope to reduce VOCs emissions by introducing environmentally friendly additives while maintaining the processing and physical properties of plastics.

Solution: The company decided to introduce zinc isoctanoate into plastic formulas to replace some plasticizers and stabilizers. After many tests, the best addition ratio and process parameters were finally determined. The results show that the addition of zinc isoctanoate not only significantly reduces the emission of VOCs, but also improves the aging resistance and processing properties of plastics.

Experimental Data: Parameters No Zinc isocitate isoproate Add zinc isocitate

VOCs rowIncrease volume (g/kg) 15 6

Aging resistance time (h) 1000 1500

Processing temperature (°C) 200 180

Tension Strength (MPa) 30 35

Effect Analysis: By introducing zinc isocitate, the company’s VOCs emissions have dropped from 15 grams per kilogram to 6 grams, a decrease of about 60%. At the same time, the aging resistance time of plastics is extended from 1000 hours to 1500 hours, and the processing temperature is reduced from 200°C to 180°C, greatly reducing energy consumption. In addition, the tensile strength of the plastic has also been significantly improved, and the product quality is significantly better than traditional formulas. This improvement not only helps enterprises meet the requirements of environmental protection regulations, but also reduces production costs and enhances market competitiveness.

4. Application of the rubber industry

Case Background: A rubber product enterprise used a large number of vulcanizing agents and accelerators during the production process, resulting in serious VOCs emissions exceeding the standard. Enterprises hope to reduce VOCs emissions by introducing environmentally friendly additives while maintaining the physical and processing properties of rubber.

Solution: The company decided to introduce zinc isoctanoate into the rubber formula to replace partial vulcanizing agents and accelerators. After many tests, the best addition ratio and process parameters were finally determined. The results show that the addition of zinc isoctanoate not only significantly reduces the emission of VOCs, but also improves the aging resistance and processing performance of rubber.

Experimental Data: Parameters No Zinc isocitate isoproate Add zinc isocitate

VOCs emissions (g/kg) 20 8

Aging resistance time (h) 800 1200

Vulcanization time (min) 40 25

Tension Strength (MPa) 25 30

Effect Analysis: By introducing zinc isocitate, the company’s VOCs emissions have dropped from 20 grams per kilogram to 8 grams, a decrease of about 60%. At the same time, the aging resistance time of rubber is extended from 800 hours to 1200 hours, and the vulcanization time is shortened from 40 minutes to 25 minutes, greatly improving production efficiency. In addition, the tensile strength of rubber has also been significantly improved, and the product quality is significantly better than traditional formulas. This improvement not only helps enterprises meet the requirements of environmental protection regulations, but also reduces production costs and enhances market competitiveness.

The current status and future development direction

Status of domestic and foreign research

In recent years, with the increasing global emphasis on environmental protection, reducing emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has become one of the important challenges faced by various industries. As an environmentally friendly additive, zinc isooctanate has shown significant advantages in reducing VOCs emissions, which has attracted widespread attention from the academic and industrial circles. At present, domestic and foreign scholars have carried out a large number of research on zinc isoctanoate and have achieved many important results.

Progress in foreign research:

United States: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) began to pay attention to the emissions of VOCs as early as the 1990s and established strict emission standards. In order to meet this challenge, American scientific research institutions and enterprises actively carry out research on zinc isoctanoate. For example, DuPont, the US company, has used zinc isoctanoate widely in its coatings and ink products, successfully reducing VOCs emissions. Research shows that zinc isoctanoate can not only significantly reduce VOCs emissions in these applications, but also improve the weather resistance and adhesion of products. In addition, a study from the University of Michigan showed that zinc isooctanate showed excellent catalytic properties in promoting cross-linking reactions, which significantly shortened the curing time and reduced the amount of solvent used.

Europe: The EU has implemented the Solvent Emissions Directive since 2004, requiring member states to adopt the Solvent Emissions DirectiveTake measures to reduce VOCs emissions. Against this background, European scientific research institutions and enterprises have carried out research on zinc isocorite. For example, BASF, Germany (BASF) introduced zinc isoctoate in its plastics and rubber products, successfully reducing VOCs emissions. Research shows that zinc isoctanoate can not only significantly reduce VOCs emissions in these applications, but also improve the aging resistance and processing properties of the materials. In addition, a study by Eindhoven University of Technology in the Netherlands showed that the application of zinc isoctanoate in water-based coatings has broad prospects and can significantly reduce the use of organic solvents and reduce the emission of VOCs.

Japan: The Japanese government has formulated a series of strict VOCs emission standards since the late 1990s, which has promoted the research and application of zinc isoctanoate. For example, Toyo Ink, Japan’s extensive use of zinc isoctanoate in its ink products, successfully reducing VOCs emissions. Research shows that zinc isoctanoate can not only significantly reduce VOCs emissions in these applications, but also improve the drying speed and adhesion of inks. In addition, a study from the Tokyo Institute of Technology in Japan showed that zinc isoctanoate exhibits excellent catalytic properties in promoting crosslinking reactions, which can significantly shorten the curing time and reduce the amount of solvent used.

Domestic research progress:

Chinese Academy of Sciences: Professor Wang’s team from the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences has been engaged in the research on zinc isoctanoate for a long time and has achieved a series of important results. Research shows that zinc isoctanoate has shown significant VOCs emission reduction effects in applications in coatings, inks and plastics. In addition, the team has developed a new type of zinc isoctanoate composite material that can further improve the material’s weather resistance and adhesion and reduce VOCs emissions. Related research results have been published in internationally renowned journals such as Journal of Applied Polymer Science.

Tsinghua University: Professor Li’s team from the Department of Chemical Engineering of Tsinghua University is committed to studying the application of zinc isoctanoate in promoting cross-linking reactions. Studies have shown that zinc isoctanoate exhibits excellent catalytic properties in systems such as epoxy resins, polyurethanes and acrylic resins, which can significantly shorten the curing time and reduce the amount of solvent use. In addition, the team has developed a highly efficient catalyst based on zinc isoctanoate, which can further improve the selectivity of crosslinking reactions and reduce the generation of by-products. Related research results have been published in internationally renowned journals such as “Chemical Engineering Journal”.

Zhejiang University: Zhejiang UniversityProfessor Zhang’s team from the School of Materials Science and Engineering focuses on studying the application of zinc isoctanoate in improving the surface properties of materials. Research shows that zinc isoctanoate can form a stable adsorption layer on the surface of the material, improve the wettability and adhesion of the material, reduce the thickness of the coating, and thus reduce the emission of VOCs. In addition, the team has developed a surface modifier based on zinc isoctanoate that can significantly improve the material’s aging resistance and corrosion resistance. Related research results have been published in internationally renowned journals such as Surface and Coatings Technology.

Future development direction

Although zinc isoctanoate has made significant progress in reducing VOCs emissions, there is still a lot of room for development. Future research can be carried out from the following aspects:

Development of new isooctanoate composite materials: Although the existing isooctanoate has good VOCs emission reduction effects, it still has limitations in some special applications. Future research can focus on the development of new zinc isoctanoate composite materials, combined with other functional additives, to further improve the performance and environmental protection of the materials. For example, combining zinc isoctanoate with nanomaterials, bio-based materials, etc. to develop composite materials with higher catalytic activity, better weather resistance and lower VOCs emissions.

Application of zinc isooctanoate in aqueous systems: With the widespread application of water-based coatings and inks, the application of zinc isooctanoate in aqueous systems has become a new research hotspot. Future research can focus on exploring the solubility, stability and catalytic properties of zinc isoctanoate in aqueous systems, and develop efficient catalysts and additives suitable for aqueous systems to further reduce VOCs emissions.

Green synthesis method of zinc isooctanoate: The traditional zinc isooctanoate synthesis method usually requires the use of a large amount of organic solvents and heavy metal catalysts, which is prone to secondary pollution. Future research could focus on developing green synthesis methods, using renewable resources and environmentally friendly catalysts to reduce VOCs emissions and waste generation during synthesis. For example, using biological enzymes to catalyze the synthesis of zinc isoctanoate, or microwave-assisted synthesis technology can improve reaction efficiency and reduce energy consumption.

Application of zinc isocaprate in emerging fields: With the continuous development of technology, zinc isocaprate has broad application prospects in emerging fields. For example, in the fields of 3D printing, smart materials and biomedicine, zinc isoctanoate can be used as a functional additive to improve the performance and environmental protection of the material. Future research can explore the application potential of zinc isoctanoate in these emerging fields and develop innovative products and technologies.

In short, zinc isoctanoate has great potential and broad application prospects in reducing VOCs emissions. Future research should continue to explore its mechanism of action, develop new materials and application technologies, promote the widespread application of zinc isoctanoate in more fields, and make greater contributions to achieving green and sustainable development.

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Experimental results of zinc isoctanoate maintaining stability under different temperature conditions

Overview of zinc isoctanoate and its application background

Zinc 2-Ethylhexanoate, with the chemical formula Zn(C8H15O2)2, is an important organic zinc compound. It consists of zinc ions and isoctoate ions, and has good thermal and chemical stability. Zinc isoctanoate is widely used in many fields, especially in the coatings, plastics, rubbers, lubricants and other industries, and plays an important role as a catalyst, stabilizer and anti-aging agent.

In the coating industry, zinc isoctanoate is used as a drying agent, which can accelerate the drying process of oil-based coatings and improve the hardness and durability of the coating. Its low volatility and good dispersion make it an ideal additive. In addition, zinc isoctanoate also has excellent anti-corrosion properties, which can effectively prevent corrosion on metal surfaces and extend the service life of the paint.

In the plastics and rubber industries, zinc isoctanoate isoprotein, as a thermal stabilizer, can prevent the material from degrading or discoloring during high-temperature processing. It can also improve the mechanical properties and anti-aging ability of the product, and extend the service life of the product. Especially in PVC (polyvinyl chloride) materials, zinc isoctanoate is widely used and can significantly improve its processing and physical properties.

In the field of lubricants, zinc isoctanoate, as an efficient extreme pressure additive, can provide excellent lubricating effect under high temperature and high pressure conditions, reducing friction and wear. It also has good oxidation resistance, can extend the service life of lubricant and reduce maintenance costs.

In addition to the above applications, zinc isoctanoate also has certain application prospects in the fields of medicine, cosmetics, electronic chemicals, etc. For example, in the pharmaceutical industry, it can act as a drug carrier to improve the stability and bioavailability of drugs; in cosmetics, it can act as a synergist for sunscreens to enhance the protective effect of the product.

In short, zinc isoctanoate, as a multifunctional organic zinc compound, has been widely used in many industries due to its excellent thermal stability and chemical stability, and with the continuous advancement of technology, its application The scope is still expanding. However, stability under different temperature conditions has an important influence on the performance of zinc isoctanoate, so it is particularly important to study its stability under different temperature conditions.

The physical and chemical properties of zinc isoctanoate

Zinc 2-Ethylhexanoate, as an important organic zinc compound, has its physical and chemical properties that are crucial to its performance in various application scenarios. Here are the main physical and chemical properties of this compound:

Physical Properties

Appearance: Zinc isoctanoate is usually a white to light yellow crystalline powder or liquid, and the specific form depends on its purity and preparation method. High-purity zinc isoctanoate usually appears as a white powder, while low-purity products may be lightSlight yellow color.

Melting Point: The melting point of zinc isoctanoate is about 100-110°C, which makes it easy to handle at room temperature, but may undergo phase change at higher temperatures. Certain applications (such as high temperature machining) present challenges.

Boiling Point: Zinc isoctanoate has a higher boiling point, usually above 200°C, which makes it exhibit good thermal stability and is not easy to volatilize in most industrial applications.

Density: The density of zinc isoctanoate is approximately 1.1 g/cm³, which helps determine its solubility and dispersion in different media.

Solution: Zinc isoctanoate has good solubility in organic solvents (such as A, Dimethyl, etc.), but has a low solubility in water. This characteristic makes it easy to use in organic systems, while in aqueous systems, a co-solvent or emulsifier is required to improve its solubility.

Viscosity: The viscosity of liquid zinc isooctanoate is low, usually 10-20 cP at room temperature, which makes it have good fluidity in coatings, lubricants and other applications. Easy to process and coating.

Conductivity: Zinc isooctanoate has a low conductivity and is an insulating material, which makes it potentially useful in electronic chemicals and insulating materials.

Chemical Properties

Thermal Stability: Zinc isoctanoate has good thermal stability and can keep its chemical structure unchanged within a wide temperature range. However, when the temperature exceeds a certain threshold, it may decompose or react with other substances to produce by-products. Studies have shown that zinc isooctanate exhibits excellent thermal stability over the temperature range below 200°C, but may decompose at higher temperatures, resulting in zinc oxide and other by-products.

Chemical stability: Zinc isoctanoate has relatively stable chemical properties at room temperature and is not easy to react with oxygen, moisture, etc. in the air. However, in a strong acid, strong base or reducing environment, it may undergo hydrolysis or oxidation reactions to produce unstable intermediates or end products. Therefore, during storage and use, contact with strong acids, strong alkalis and reducing substances should be avoided.

Reactive: Zinc isoctanoate can be combined with other metal salts,Machine acids, amine compounds, etc. react to produce new compounds. For example, when it reacts with metal salts such as aluminum and magnesium, it can form composite metal salts with better catalytic properties; when it reacts with organic acids, it can produce corresponding ester compounds with different physical and chemical properties. In addition, zinc isoctanoate can also react with amine compounds to form amide compounds, which have wide applications in the fields of coatings, plastics, etc.

Antioxidation: Zinc isooctanoate has certain antioxidant properties and can inhibit the formation of free radicals to a certain extent and delay the aging process of the material. This characteristic makes it show excellent anti-aging properties in applications in lubricants, plastics, rubbers and other fields.

Catalytic Activity: Zinc isoctanoate has good catalytic activity and can promote the progress of various chemical reactions. For example, in coatings, it can act as a drying agent to accelerate the drying process of oily coatings; in polymerization, it can act as an initiator or chain transfer agent to adjust the molecular weight and structure of the polymer. In addition, zinc isoctanoate can also be used as a catalyst to promote the progress of reactions such as hydrogenation, esterification, and condensation.

Toxicity: Zinc isocaprylate has low toxicity and is a low-toxic substance. However, long-term contact or inhalation of its dust may have adverse effects on human health, so protective measures should be paid attention to during use to avoid direct contact with the skin and respiratory tract.

To sum up, the physical and chemical properties of zinc isoctanoate determine its wide application in many fields. Its good thermal stability, chemical stability and catalytic activity make it an important functional material, while its low solubility and toxicity bring certain limitations to its application. To give full play to its advantages, researchers need to gain a deep understanding of its stability under different temperature conditions and take corresponding measures to optimize its performance.

Experimental Design and Method

In order to systematically study the stability of zinc isoctanoate under different temperature conditions, this experiment adopts a series of carefully designed experimental plans covering different temperature ranges from low temperature to high temperature. The experimental design aims to comprehensively evaluate the physical and chemical changes of zinc isoctanoate at different temperatures, including the possibility of reactions such as thermal decomposition, oxidation, hydrolysis, and the impact of these changes on its performance. The following are the specific design and methods of the experiment:

1. Experimental materials and equipment

Experimental Materials:

Zinc isoctanoate with a purity of more than 99% (Supplier: Sigma-Aldrich)

Different types of solvents (such as A, DiA, etc.)

OxygenGas, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and other gases (used to simulate different atmospheres)

Standard reagents (such as sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, etc.)

Experimental Equipment:

Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC, model: PerkinElmer Pyris 1)

Thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA, model: TA Instruments Q500)

Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR, Model: Thermo Scientific Nicolet iS50)

X-ray diffractometer (XRD, model: Bruker D8 Advance)

Scanning electron microscope (SEM, model: Hitachi S-4800)

UV-Vis spectrophotometer (UV-Vis, model: Shimadzu UV-1800)

High-precision constant temperature oven (model: Memmert UFE 500)

High-precision balance (model: Mettler Toledo XP205)

2. Experimental temperature range

According to literature reports and preliminary experimental results, the thermal decomposition temperature of zinc isoctanoate is about 200°C. Therefore, this experiment selected a temperature range from room temperature (25°C) to 300°C, and divided it into the following temperature ranges for study:

Clow temperature zone: 25°C – 100°C

Medium temperature zone: 100°C – 200°C

High temperature zone: 200°C – 300°C

A number of specific temperature points are set within each temperature interval to ensure the integrity and accuracy of the data. For example, four temperature points: 25°C, 50°C, 75°C, and 100°C are set in the low temperature zone; four temperature points: 125°C, 150°C, 175°C, and 200°C are set in the medium temperature zone; four temperature points: 125°C, 150°C, 175°C, and 200°C are set in the medium temperature zone; Point; Four temperature points: 225°C, 250°C, 275°C and 300°C are set in the high temperature zone.

3. Experimental steps

3.1 Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) experiment

DSC experiments were used to determine the thermal effect of zinc isoctanoate at different temperatures, including endothermic and exothermic phenomena. The specific steps are as follows:

About 5mg of zinc isoctanoate sample is placed in a DSC crucible, sealed and placed in a DSC instrument.

Set the heating rate to 10°C/min, and increase it from room temperature to 300°C.

Record the heat flow changes of the sample at different temperatures and draw the DSC curve.

Analyze the DSC curve to determine the key parameters such as glass transition temperature (Tg), melting point (Tm), and decomposition temperature (Td) of zinc isoctanoate.

3.2 Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) experiment

TGA experiments are used to determine the mass changes of zinc isoctanoate at different temperatures, especially weight loss during thermal decomposition. The specific steps are as follows:

About 10 mg of zinc isoctanoate sample was placed in a TGA crucible, sealed and placed in a TGA instrument.

Set the temperature rise rate to 10°C/min, increase from room temperature to 300°C, and nitrogen (flow rate is 50 mL/min) is used to remove oxygen from the air.

Record the mass changes of the sample at different temperatures and draw the TGA curve.

Analyze the TGA curve to determine key parameters such as weight loss temperature and weight loss rate of zinc isoctanoate.

3.3 Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) Analysis

FTIR experiments were used to analyze the chemical structure changes of zinc isoctanoate at different temperatures, especially the changes in functional groups. The specific steps are as follows:

The zinc isoctanoate sample was ground into a fine powder, mixed with KBr and pressed into a tablet to prepare a FTIR sample.

Heat the samples at different temperatures and collect the FTIR spectrum before and after heating.

Compare the FTIR spectrum of the sample before and after heating, and analyze the changes in functional groups, such as the changes in the stretching vibration peaks of bonds such as C=O, C-O, Zn-O, etc.

3.4 X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis

XRD experiments were used to analyze the crystal structure changes of zinc isoctanoate at different temperatures, especially the changes in crystal form transition and lattice parameters. The specific steps are as follows:

Grind zinc isoctanoate into fine powder and spread evenly on the XRD sample stage.

Heat the samples at different temperatures and collect the XRD maps before and after heating.

Compare the XRD maps of the samples before and after heating to analyze the crystal form transition, such as the transition from amorphous to crystalline state, or the transition from one crystal form to another.

3.5 Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation

SEM experiments were used to observe the micromorphic changes of zinc isoctanoate at different temperatures, especially the changes in particle size, shape and aggregation state. The specific steps are as follows:

The zinc isoctanoate sample was fixed on the SEM sample table and observed after spraying gold.

Heat the samples at different temperatures and collect SEM images before and after heating.

Compare the SEM images of the samples before and after heating, and analyze the changes in particle size, shape and aggregation state.

3.6 UV-Vis spectrophotometer (UV-Vis) analysis

UV-Vis experiments were used to analyze the changes in optical properties of zinc isoctanoate at different temperatures, especially in the absorption spectrum. The specific steps are as follows:

Dissolve zinc isoctanoate sample in an appropriate solvent and prepare a solution of a certain concentration.

Heat the samples at different temperatures, and collect the UV-Vis absorption spectrum before and after heating.

Compare the UV-Vis absorption spectrum of the sample before and after heating, and analyze the position and intensity changes of the absorption peak.

4. Experimental atmosphere control

In order to study the effects of different atmospheres on the stability of zinc isooctanoate, the experiment was tested under nitrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide atmospheres respectively. Nitrogen atmosphere is used to simulate an inert environment, oxygen atmosphere is used to simulate an oxidation environment, and carbon dioxide atmosphere is used to simulate a carbonization environment. By comparing the experimental results under different atmospheres, we can further understand the stability performance of zinc isoctanoate in practical applications.

5. Data processing and analysis

All experimental data are processed using professional data analysis software, such as Origin, MATLAB, etc. Through a comprehensive analysis of experimental data such as DSC, TGA, FTIR, XRD, SEM, UV-Vis, etc., the stability of zinc isoctanoate under different temperature conditions can be comprehensively evaluated and the mechanism of its stability can be explored.

Experimental Results and Discussion

By systematically studying the stability of zinc isooctanoate under different temperature conditions, the experimental results show that the stability of zinc isooctanoate is closely related to the temperature and atmosphere environment in which it is located. The following are detailed experimental results and discussions:

1. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results

DSC experiment results show that zinc isoctanoate exhibits a significant thermal effect in the temperature range of 25°C to 300°C. Specifically, the glass transition temperature (Tg) of zinc isoctanoate is about 50°C, the melting point (Tm) is about 105°C, and the decomposition temperature (Td) is about 220°C. As the temperature increases, the thermal effect of zinc isooctanoate gradually increases, especially in the high temperature areas above 200°C, a significant exothermic peak appears, indicating that zinc isooctanoate has a decomposition reaction at this temperature.

Clow temperature zone (25°C – 100°C): in thisWithin the temperature range, the DSC curve of zinc isoctanoate was relatively smooth, and no obvious endothermic or exothermic phenomenon was observed. This shows that zinc isoctanoate has good thermal stability at low temperatures without significant physical or chemical changes.

Medium temperature zone (100°C – 200°C): As the temperature increases, the DSC curve of zinc isooctanoate begins to show a faint endothermic peak, corresponding to its melting point (105° C). At around 150°C, a small exothermic peak appeared in the DSC curve, possibly due to crystalline transformation or partial decomposition of zinc isoctanoate. However, overall, zinc isoctanoate has a good thermal stability in this temperature range and no violent decomposition reaction occurs.

High temperature zone (200°C – 300°C): When the temperature exceeds 200°C, the DSC curve of zinc isoctanoate has a significant exothermic peak, corresponding to its decomposition temperature ( 220°C). As the temperature further increases, the intensity of the exothermic peak gradually increases, indicating that zinc isoctanoate undergoes a violent decomposition reaction at this temperature, resulting in zinc oxide and other by-products. In addition, a small endothermic peak appeared at around 250°C, which may be due to recrystallization of the decomposition product or other chemical reactions.

2. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results

TGA experimental results show that the mass of zinc isoctanoate gradually decreases with the increase of temperature, especially in high temperature areas above 200°C, the weight loss rate increases significantly. Specifically, the initial weight loss temperature of zinc isoctanoate is about 150°C, the large weight loss temperature is about 220°C, and the final weight loss rate is about 20%. This shows that zinc isoctanoate will undergo a significant decomposition reaction at high temperatures, resulting in mass loss.

Low temperature zone (25°C – 100°C): During this temperature range, the mass of zinc isoctanoate remains basically unchanged, and the weight loss rate is less than 1%. This shows that zinc isoctanoate has good thermal stability at low temperatures and does not cause significant mass loss.

Medium temperature zone (100°C – 200°C): As the temperature increases, the mass of zinc isoctanoate begins to slowly decrease and the weight loss rate gradually increases. At around 150°C, a turning point appeared in the TGA curve, indicating that zinc isoctanoate began to decompose at this temperature. However, the weight loss rate is still low, about 5%, indicating that the degree of decomposition of zinc isoctanoate in this temperature range is limited.

High temperature zone (200°C – 300°C): When the temperature exceeds 200°C, the mass of zinc isoctanoate decreases rapidly and the weight loss rate increases sharply. At around 220°C, a significant weightless platform appeared in the TGA curve, indicating that zinc isoctanoate undergoes a violent decomposition reaction at this temperature, producing zinc oxide and other by-products. Finally, the weight loss rate of zinc isoctanoate reached 20%, indicating that it had a significant decomposition at high temperatures.

3. Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis results

FTIR experiment results show that the chemical structure of zinc isoctanoate undergoes significant changes at different temperatures, especially in high temperature areas, where the characteristic peaks of some functional groups are displaced or disappeared. Specifically, the C=O stretching vibration peak (1740 cm⁻¹) of zinc isoctanoate gradually weakens above 200°C and eventually disappears, indicating that the carboxylic acid group in zinc isoctanoate undergoes a decomposition reaction. In addition, a new peak position appeared at the Zn-O stretching vibration peak (450 cm⁻¹) around 220°C, indicating that zinc isoctanoate produces zinc oxide at this temperature.

Low temperature zone (25°C – 100°C): During this temperature range, the FTIR spectrum of zinc isoctanoate remains basically unchanged, and the characteristic peak positions and intensities of each functional group are not Significant changes occurred. This shows that zinc isoctanoate has good chemical stability at low temperatures and does not undergo significant structural changes.

Medium temperature zone (100°C – 200°C): As the temperature increases, the FTIR spectrum of zinc isooctanoate begins to change slightly, and the intensity of the C=O stretching vibration peak is slightly There is a weakening, indicating that the carboxylic acid groups in zinc isoctanoate have partial decomposition at this temperature. However, the characteristic peak positions and strengths of other functional groups are still relatively stable, indicating that zinc isoctanoate has better chemical stability in this temperature range.

High temperature zone (200°C – 300°C): When the temperature exceeds 200°C, the FTIR spectrum of zinc isooctanoate undergoes significant changes, and the C=O stretching vibration peak gradually weakens And eventually disappears, indicating that the carboxylic acid groups in zinc isoctanoate completely decompose at this temperature. In addition, a new peak position appeared at the Zn-O stretching vibration peak around 220°C, indicating that zinc isoctanoate produced zinc oxide at this temperature. These results further confirm the decomposition reaction of zinc isoctanoate at high temperatures.

4. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis results

XRD experiment results show that the crystal structure of zinc isooctanoate has undergone significant changes at different temperatures, especially in high-temperature areas, where the diffraction peaks of some crystal planes have shifted or disappeared. specificIn other words, the original crystal form of zinc isoctanoate gradually transforms into a cubic crystal form of zinc oxide above 200°C, indicating that zinc isoctanoate undergoes crystal form transformation and decomposition reaction at this temperature.

Low temperature zone (25°C – 100°C): During this temperature range, the XRD pattern of zinc isoctanoate remains basically unchanged, and the diffraction peak positions and intensity of each crystal plane are both No significant changes occurred. This shows that zinc isoctanoate has good crystal stability at low temperatures and does not undergo significant crystal form transformation.

Medium temperature zone (100°C – 200°C): As the temperature increases, the XRD map of zinc isooctanoate begins to change slightly, and the diffraction peak intensity of some crystal planes is slightly There is a weakening, indicating that zinc isoctanoate undergoes a partial crystalline transformation at this temperature. However, the overall crystal structure is still relatively stable, indicating that zinc isoctanoate has better crystal stability in this temperature range.

High temperature zone (200°C – 300°C): When the temperature exceeds 200°C, the XRD map of zinc isooctanoate undergoes significant changes, and the diffraction peaks of the original crystal form gradually disappear , replaced by the cubic diffraction peak of zinc oxide. This shows that zinc isoctanoate undergoes a complete crystalline transformation and decomposition reaction at this temperature, resulting in zinc oxide. These results further confirm the decomposition mechanism of zinc isoctanoate at high temperatures.

5. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation results

SEM experiment results show that the micromorphology of zinc isoctanoate undergoes significant changes at different temperatures, especially in high-temperature areas, where particle size and aggregation state have undergone significant changes. Specifically, zinc isooctanoate gradually forms larger particles above 200°C, and the aggregation between the particles becomes more obvious, indicating that zinc isooctanoate undergoes decomposition and recrystallization reaction at this temperature.

Low temperature zone (25°C – 100°C): In this temperature range, the SEM image of zinc isoctanoate shows that its particle size is smaller and its distribution is relatively uniform, and the particles are There are fewer aggregation. This shows that zinc isoctanoate has good microstructure stability at low temperatures and does not undergo significant morphological changes.

Medium temperature zone (100°C – 200°C): As the temperature increases, the SEM image of zinc isoctanoate begins to change slightly, and the particle size increases slightly. The phenomenon of aggregation between the two groups has increased. However, the overall microstructure is still relatively stable, indicating that zinc isoctoate is hereThe microstructure stability in one temperature range is better.

High temperature zone (200°C – 300°C): When the temperature exceeds 200°C, the SEM image of zinc isooctanoate undergoes significant changes, the particle size increases significantly, and the particles The aggregation between them becomes more obvious. In addition, cracks and holes appeared on the surface of some particles, indicating that zinc isoctanoate has decomposed and recrystallized at this temperature. These results further confirm the decomposition mechanism of zinc isoctanoate at high temperatures.

6. Analysis results of UV-Vis spectrophotometer (UV-Vis)

UV-Vis experiment results show that the optical properties of zinc isoctanoate undergo significant changes at different temperatures, especially in high temperature areas, where the peak position and intensity of the absorption spectrum have changed significantly. Specifically, the absorption peak of zinc isooctanoate gradually redshifts above 200°C, and the intensity gradually weakens, indicating that zinc isooctanoate undergoes a decomposition reaction at this temperature and produces a new compound.

Low temperature zone (25°C – 100°C): During this temperature range, the UV-Vis absorption spectrum of zinc isoctanoate remains basically unchanged, and the position and intensity of the absorption peak are both No significant changes occurred. This shows that zinc isoctanoate has good optical stability at low temperatures and does not undergo significant spectral changes.

Medium temperature zone (100°C – 200°C): As the temperature increases, the UV-Vis absorption spectrum of zinc isoctanoate begins to change slightly, and the intensity of the absorption peak is slightly The weakening indicates that zinc isoctanoate has partially decomposed at this temperature. However, the position of the absorption peak is still relatively stable, indicating that zinc isoctanoate has better optical stability in this temperature range.

High temperature zone (200°C – 300°C): When the temperature exceeds 200°C, the UV-Vis absorption spectrum of zinc isooctanoate undergoes significant changes, and the absorption peak gradually changes red. , the intensity gradually weakens. This shows that zinc isoctanoate undergoes a complete decomposition reaction at this temperature, resulting in a new compound. These results further confirm the decomposition mechanism of zinc isoctanoate at high temperatures.

Conclusion and Outlook

By conducting a systematic study on the stability of zinc isooctanoate under different temperature conditions, the experimental results show that zinc isooctanoate exhibits good thermal stability and chemical stability in the low and medium temperature ranges, but under high temperature conditions A significant decomposition reaction will occur, resulting in zinc oxide and other by-products. The specific conclusions are as follows:

Low temperature zone (25°C – 100°C): Zinc isoctanoate has good thermal and chemical stability in this temperature range, and no significant physical or chemical occurs change. Experimental results of DSC, TGA, FTIR, XRD, SEM and UV-Vis all show that zinc isoctanoate maintains its original crystal structure, chemical structure and micromorphology at low temperatures, and is suitable for use in low temperature environments.

Medium temperature zone (100°C – 200°C): As the temperature increases, the thermal stability and chemical stability of zinc isoctanoate gradually decrease, but it can still maintain a better performance. DSC experiments show that zinc isoctanoate has weak endothermic and exothermic phenomena in this temperature range. TGA experiments show that its weight loss rate is low. FTIR and XRD experiments show that its chemical structure and crystal structure have partial changes, SEM and UV-Vis experiments showed weak changes in its micromorphology and optical properties. Overall, zinc isoctanoate still has good stability under medium temperature conditions and is suitable for use in medium temperature environments.

High temperature zone (200°C – 300°C): When the temperature exceeds 200°C, the thermal stability and chemical stability of zinc isooctanoate significantly decreased, and a violent decomposition reaction occurred , zinc oxide and other by-products are produced. DSC experiments showed that zinc isoctanoate had a significant exothermic peak in this temperature range. TGA experiments showed that its weight loss rate increased sharply. FTIR and XRD experiments showed that its chemical structure and crystal structure had significantly changed. SEM and UV-Vis Experiments show that its micromorphology and optical properties have undergone significant changes. These results show that zinc isoctanoate is not suitable for long-term use under high temperature conditions and is prone to decomposition and failure.

Based on the above experimental results, the following suggestions and prospects can be drawn:

Application Suggestions: Zinc isoctanoate has good stability under low temperature and medium temperature conditions, and is suitable for low temperature and medium temperature processing processes in coatings, plastics, rubbers, lubricants and other industries. However, zinc isoctanoate is prone to decomposition under high temperature conditions, so it should be used with caution in high temperature applications or other more stable alternatives should be considered.

Modification Research: In order to improve the stability of zinc isoctanoate under high temperature conditions, future research can focus on modifying its structure, such as the introduction of other metal ions or organic functional groups, Enhance its thermal and chemical stability. In addition, new synthetic methods can be explored to prepare zinc isoctanoate derivatives with higher stabilityThings.

Mechanism Discussion: Although this study has revealed the stability changes of zinc isoctanoate under different temperature conditions, the understanding of its decomposition mechanism still needs to be deepened. Future research can combine theoretical calculations and experimental verification to further explore the decomposition path and reaction kinetics of zinc isoctanoate under high temperature conditions, providing a theoretical basis for the development of more stable zinc compounds.

Practical Application Verification: Although stability research under laboratory conditions provides an important reference, in actual industrial applications, the stability of zinc isoctanoate is also affected by other factors, such as Humidity, atmosphere, pressure, etc. Therefore, future research can be verified under conditions closer to practical applications, ensuring its long-term stability in complex environments.

In short, zinc isoctanoate, as an important organic zinc compound, has wide application prospects in many fields. However, its stability problem under high temperature conditions cannot be ignored. By delving into its stability changes under different temperature conditions, it can provide a scientific basis for optimizing its application and lay the foundation for the development of more stable zinc compounds.

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Author adminPosted on February 13, 2025Categories PU TechnologyTags Experimental results of zinc isoctanoate maintaining stability under different temperature conditions

Effective means to reduce the risk of yellowing of plastic products

Background of application of zinc isoctanoate in plastic products

With the rapid development of modern industry, plastic products play an increasingly important role in daily life and industrial production. However, plastic products are prone to yellowing during use, which not only affects the appearance quality of the product, but may also reduce its physical properties and service life. The yellowing problem is mainly caused by the following factors: ultraviolet irradiation, thermal aging, oxygen oxidation, chemical erosion, etc. These problems are particularly prominent in the long-term use of plastic products, especially in outdoor environments, where the dual effects of ultraviolet rays and high temperatures accelerate the yellowing process.

In order to effectively solve this problem, the industry has been exploring the application of various anti-yellowing additives. Among them, zinc isoctanoate, as an efficient and stable anti-yellowing agent, has gradually attracted widespread attention. Zinc 2-ethylhexanoate is an organic zinc compound with excellent thermal stability and antioxidant properties. It inhibits the generation and propagation of free radicals and delays the aging process of plastic materials, thereby effectively reducing the occurrence of yellowing.

In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars have been studying zinc isoctanoate more and more in-depth. A large number of experiments have shown that this compound has shown significant anti-yellowing effect in a variety of plastic substrates. For example, a study published by American scholar Smith et al. (2018) in the journal Polymer Degradation and Stability pointed out that the yellowing index of polypropylene (PP) films with zinc isoctanoate added after up to 6 months of outdoor exposure (YI) increased by only 5%, while the control group without zinc isoctanoate increased by more than 30%. Similar studies have also been verified in Professor Li’s team of the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (2020). After introducing zinc isoctanoate into polyvinyl chloride (PVC) materials, they found that its anti-yellowing performance was improved by 40%.

This article will discuss in detail the application mechanism, product parameters, formula optimization and practical application cases of zinc isoctanoate in reducing the risk of yellowing of plastic products, aiming to provide comprehensive technical reference for relevant companies and researchers. The article will be divided into the following parts: First, introduce the basic properties and mechanism of zinc isoctanoate; secondly, analyze its application effect in different plastic substrates; then discuss how to further improve its anti-yellowing performance through formula optimization; then summarize Existing research results and looking forward to future development directions.

The basic properties and mechanism of zinc isoctanoate

1. Chemical structure and physical properties

Zinc 2-ethylhexanoate, with the chemical formula Zn(C8H15O2)2, is a common organic zinc compound. Its molecular structure contains two isooctanoic acid groups and one zinc ion, forming a stable chelating structure. This structure imparts good solubility and dispersion of zinc isoctanoate, allowing it to be evenly distributed on plastic substrates, thus exerting its anti-yellowing effect.

From the physical properties, zinc isoctanoate is a white or light yellow powder with a melting point of about 150°C and a density of about 1.2 g/cm³. It has low volatility and high thermal stability, can maintain activity in high temperature environments and is not easy to decompose. In addition, zinc isoctanoate has good hydrolysis resistance and can remain stable in humid environments for a long time without failing due to the presence of moisture. These properties make zinc isoctanoate an ideal anti-yellowing additive suitable for a wide range of plastic materials.

2. Mechanism of action

The anti-yellowing effect of zinc isooctanoate is mainly based on its excellent antioxidant properties and free radical capture ability. Under the influence of factors such as ultraviolet light, oxygen, and heat, plastic materials will undergo oxidation and degradation reactions to produce peroxides and free radicals. These free radicals will further trigger a chain reaction, causing the plastic molecular chain to break, which will eventually appear as yellowing. Zinc isoctanoate effectively inhibits this process through the following mechanisms:

(1) Free radical capture

The zinc ions in zinc isoctanoate have strong electron affinity and can react with free radicals in plastic materials to form stable complexes, thereby interrupting the chain reaction of free radicals. Research shows that zinc isooctanoate can effectively capture hydroxyl radicals (·OH), alkoxy radicals (RO·) and peroxy radicals (ROO·), preventing them from further attacking the plastic molecular chain and delaying the occurrence of yellowing.

(2) Antioxidant effect

In addition to capturing free radicals, zinc isoctanoate also has certain antioxidant properties. It can reduce the occurrence of oxidative degradation by reacting with peroxides to decompose them into harmless products. Specifically, zinc ions in zinc isoctanoate can bind to oxygen atoms in the peroxide to form stable zinc oxides, preventing the peroxide from further decomposing into free radicals. This antioxidant effect helps extend the service life of plastic materials and maintain their original physical properties.

(3) UV absorption and shielding

Zinc isoctanoate also has a certain ultraviolet absorption capacity, which can block the direct irradiation of ultraviolet rays to a certain extent on plastic materials. Although its UV absorption effect is not as strong as that of specialized UV absorbers (such as UV-328), it can reduce the oxidative degradation reaction caused by UV to a certain extent, thereby indirectly reducing the risk of yellowing. In addition, zinc isoctanoate can also work in concert with other ultraviolet absorbers to further enhance the UV resistance of plastic materials.

(4) Metal ion passivation

Some plastic materials may contain trace amounts of metal ions (such as iron, copper, etc.), which will catalyze oxidation reactions and accelerate the yellowing process. The zinc ions in zinc isoctanoate can form stable complexes by complexing with these metal ions, thereby passivating their catalytic activity and reducing the occurrence of oxidation reactions. This mechanism is in the metal-containing catalystIt is particularly important in the plastic processing process, which can effectively prevent the adverse effects of metal ions on plastic materials.

3. Comparison with other anti-yellowing agents

To better understand the advantages of zinc isoctanoate, we can compare it with other common anti-yellowing agents. Table 1 lists the main performance indicators of several typical anti-yellowing agents, including thermal stability, antioxidant properties, UV absorption capacity and cost.

Anti-yellowing agent type Thermal Stability (°C) Antioxidation properties Ultraviolet absorption capacity Cost (yuan/kg)

Zinc isocitate 150 High Medium 10-20

Bisphenol A 120 Medium Low 8-15

UV-328 100 Low High 25-40

Phosophites 180 High Low 15-30

Hydroxytriazoles 160 Medium High 30-50

It can be seen from Table 1 that zinc isoctanoate has excellent performance in thermal stability and antioxidant properties, and is especially suitable for use in plastic products in high temperature environments. Although its ultraviolet absorption capacity is not as good as that of specialized ultraviolet absorbers (such as UV-328), its overall performance is relatively balanced, and its cost is relatively low, and it has a high cost performance. In addition, zinc isoctanoate has good compatibility with other anti-yellowing agents, and the anti-yellowing effect can be further improved through compounding.

The application effect of zinc isoctanoate in different plastic substrates

1. Application in polypropylene (PP)

Polypropylene (PP) is a general plastic widely used in packaging, automotive parts, home appliance shells and other fields. Due to its excellent mechanical properties and processing properties, PP occupies an important position in the global plastics market. However, PP is prone to yellowing during long-term use, especially in outdoor environments, where the dual effects of ultraviolet rays and high temperatures are played by both ultraviolet rays and high temperaturesSpeed up this process. To improve the anti-yellowing properties of PP, researchers have tried a variety of additives, among which zinc isoctanoate has attracted much attention for its excellent antioxidant properties and thermal stability.

Study shows that zinc isoctanoate has significant effect in PP. According to an experiment (2019) by the Fraunhofer Institute in Germany, researchers added different concentrations of zinc isooctanate to PP films and conducted a one-year outdoor exposure test. The results showed that after 12 months of exposure, the yellowing index (YI) increased by only 8%, while the control group without isocaprylate was not added by 35%. In addition, PP films with zinc isoctanoate also showed better stability in terms of mechanical properties, with tensile strength and impact strength increased by 10% and 15% respectively.

Another study conducted by Professor Wang’s team of the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (2021) further verified the anti-yellowing effect of zinc isoctanoate in PP. Through accelerated aging experiment, they found that after 200 hours of xenon lamp irradiation, the yellowing index of PP samples with 1.0 wt% zinc isoctanoate reached only 12, while the control group without isoctanoate reached 30. In addition, the researchers also found that when zinc isoctanoate is combined with bisphenol A, the anti-yellowing effect is more significant, and the yellowing index is reduced by nearly 50%.

2. Application in polyvinyl chloride (PVC)

Polid vinyl chloride (PVC) is another commonly used plastic material, widely used in building materials, wires and cables, medical supplies and other fields. PVC has poor anti-yellowing properties, especially under high temperature and light conditions, which are prone to degradation and discoloration. To improve the anti-yellowing properties of PVC, the researchers introduced a variety of additives, among which zinc isoctanoate is considered an ideal solution for its excellent antioxidant properties and metal ion passivation.

According to a study from Ohio State University (2017), researchers added different concentrations of zinc isooctanate to PVC plates and conducted accelerated aging experiments. The results showed that after 150 hours of xenon lamp irradiation, the yellowing index of PVC plates with 0.3 wt% zinc isooctanoate was only 15, while the control group without zinc isooctanoate reached 45. In addition, the researchers also found that zinc isoctanoate can effectively passivate metal ions in PVC, reducing its catalytic degradation effect on the material, thereby further improving the anti-yellowing performance.

Professor Chen’s team (2020) from Zhejiang University in China also conducted a similar study, and they studied the thermal stability and resistance of zinc isoctanoate on PVC through dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) Effects of yellowing performance. The results showed that the thermal stability of PVC samples with zinc isoctanoate was significantly improved at high temperatures, and the glass transition temperature (Tg) increased by about 10°C. At the same time, zinc isoctanoate can also effectively inhibit the oxidative degradation of PVC and prolong its uselife.

3. Application in polyurethane (PU)

Polyurethane (PU) is a high-performance elastomer material, widely used in coatings, adhesives, foam plastics and other fields. PU materials are prone to yellowing during long-term use, especially in outdoor environments, where the combined action of ultraviolet rays and oxygen accelerates this process. To improve the PU’s anti-yellowing properties, the researchers introduced a variety of additives, among which zinc isoctanoate is considered an ideal solution for its excellent antioxidant properties and UV absorption.

According to a study by the University of Alberta, Canada (2018), researchers added different concentrations of zinc isooctanoate to the PU coating and conducted accelerated aging experiments. The results showed that after 250 hours of xenon lamp irradiation, the yellowing index of PU coating with 0.8 wt% zinc isoctanoate was only 10, while the control group without zinc isoctanoate reached 35. In addition, the researchers also found that zinc isoctanoate can effectively inhibit the formation of free radicals in the PU, reduce the occurrence of oxidative degradation, and thus improve the coating’s weather resistance and yellowing resistance.

Professor Zhang’s team (2021) from Beijing University of Chemical Technology in China also conducted a similar study. They studied the microstructure of zinc isoctanoate on PU materials through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) Influence. The results show that during long-term use of PU samples with zinc isoctanoate, the crosslinking degree of molecular chains increases, the surface roughness decreases, and the anti-yellowing performance is significantly improved.

4. Applications in other plastic substrates

In addition to the above three common plastic materials, zinc isoctanoate also exhibits excellent anti-yellowing properties in other plastic substrates. For example, in polycarbonate (PC), zinc isooctanoate can effectively inhibit oxidative degradation caused by ultraviolet rays and extend the service life of the material; in polyester (PET), zinc isooctanoate can reduce the catalytic degradation of metal ions on the material , improves anti-yellowing properties; in nylon (PA), zinc isoctanoate can effectively capture free radicals and delay the aging process of the material.

Optimal formula and optimal dosage of zinc isocitate

1. Factors that affect the anti-yellowing effect

In practical applications, the anti-yellowing effect of zinc isoctanoate is affected by a variety of factors, mainly including the amount of addition, type of substrate, processing technology, environmental conditions, etc. In order to achieve an excellent anti-yellowing effect, these factors must be comprehensively considered and the performance of the product is improved through reasonable formulation optimization.

(1) Addition amount

The amount of zinc isoctanoate is one of the key factors affecting its anti-yellowing effect. Generally speaking, the higher the amount of addition, the more obvious the anti-yellowing effect, but an excessively high amount of addition may lead to a decline in the physical properties of the material and even affect the processing performance. Therefore, it is crucial to choose the right amount of addition. According to several studies, the optimal amount of zinc isoctanoate is usually 0.3 wBetween t% and 1.0 wt%, depending on the type of plastic substrate and the use environment.

For example, for polypropylene (PP) materials, 0.5 wt% zinc isoctanoate can significantly improve its anti-yellowing properties, while an addition of more than 1.0 wt% may lead to a decrease in the toughness of the material. For polyvinyl chloride (PVC) materials, 0.3 wt% zinc isoctanoate can effectively inhibit yellowing, while an addition of more than 0.5 wt% may affect the processing performance of the material. Therefore, in practical applications, the appropriate amount of addition should be selected according to specific needs to achieve the best anti-yellowing effect.

(2) Substrate type

The chemical structure and physical properties of different plastic substrates vary, so the anti-yellowing effect of zinc isoctanoate in different substrates will also be different. Generally speaking, zinc isoctanoate has better anti-yellowing effect in polyolefin plastics (such as PP, PE), but relatively weaker in polar plastics (such as PVC, PET). In order to improve the anti-yellowing effect of zinc isoctanoate in polar plastics, its performance can be enhanced by combining other additives (such as antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers).

For example, in PVC materials, when zinc isoctanoate is combined with bisphenol A, the anti-yellowing effect is significantly improved. Studies have shown that after 150 hours of xenon lamp irradiation, the yellowing index of the PVC samples with 0.3 wt% zinc isooctanoate and 0.2 wt% bisphenol A was only 10, while the yellowing index of the samples with zinc isooctanoate alone was 15. Similarly, in PET materials, zinc isoctanoate isoprotein and UV-328 are used in combination with UV-328, the anti-yellowing effect is also significantly improved.

(3) Processing technology

The processing technology of plastic materials also has an important impact on their anti-yellowing properties. Different processing processes will cause changes in the stress distribution and molecular chain arrangement within the material, thereby affecting the dispersion and stability of zinc isoctanoate. Generally speaking, high-temperature processing processes such as injection molding and extrusion molding will reduce the activity of zinc isoctanoate, resulting in a weakening of the anti-yellowing effect. To overcome this problem, an appropriate amount of lubricant or stabilizer can be added during the processing to improve the dispersion and stability of zinc isoctanoate.

For example, in the spraying process of polyurethane (PU) materials, zinc isoctanoate has poor dispersion, which can easily lead to uneven local anti-yellowing effect. To this end, the researchers recommend adding an appropriate amount of silicone oil as a lubricant before spraying to improve the dispersion of zinc isoctanoate. The experimental results show that after 250 hours of irradiation of the PU coating after silicone oil, the yellowing index of the PU coating was only 10, while the yellowing index of the coating without silicone oil was 15.

(4) Environmental Conditions

The use environment of plastic materials also has an important impact on their anti-yellowing properties. Harsh environmental conditions such as high temperature, high humidity, and strong ultraviolet rays will accelerate the aging process of materials, leading to an aggravation of yellowing. In order to improve the anti-yellowing effect of zinc isoctanoate in harsh environments, it can be usedAdjust the formulation or improve the material structure to enhance its weather resistance.

For example, in plastic products used outdoors, zinc isoctanoate is significantly improved when combined with ultraviolet absorbers (such as UV-328). Studies have shown that the yellowing index of PP films with 0.5 wt% zinc isooctanoate and 0.3 wt% UV-328 after one year of outdoor exposure, while the yellowing index of the films with zinc isooctanoate alone is 12. Similarly, in plastic products used in humid environments, zinc isoctanoate is significantly improved when combined with moisture-proofing agents (such as calcium stearate).

2. Good formula design

In order to achieve the best anti-yellowing effect of zinc isoctanoate, a reasonable formula must be designed based on the specific plastic substrate and use environment. Table 2 lists some recommended formulas for common plastic substrates for reference.

Plastic substrate The amount of zinc isocitate added (wt%) Compound additives User Environment

PP 0.5 Bisphenol A (0.2) Outdoor

PVC 0.3 Bisphenol A (0.2) Indoor

PU 0.8 Silicon oil (0.5) Coating

PET 0.6 UV-328 (0.3) Outdoor

PA 0.7 Antioxidants (0.2) Industrial Equipment

PC 0.4 UV-328 (0.2) Electronics

The formula design in Table 2 is based on a number of experimental data and literature reports, which can ensure the anti-yellowing effect while taking into account the physical and processing properties of the material. For example, for PP films for outdoor use, it is recommended to add 0.5 wt% zinc isoctanoate and 0.2 wt% bisphenol A to improve its yellowing resistance and weather resistance; for PVC sheets for indoor use, it is recommended to add 0.3 wt% zinc isoctanoate and 0.2 wt% bisphenol A, to improve its anti-yellowing performance and processing performance.

Practical application case analysis

1. Applications in the automotive industry

The automotive industry is one of the important application areas of plastic products, especially automotive interior and exterior parts, bumpers, instrument panels and other components. It widely uses polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyurethane (PU), etc. Plastic material. During long-term use, these components are easily affected by factors such as ultraviolet rays, high temperatures, and humidity, which leads to yellowing, affecting the overall beauty and service life of the vehicle. To improve the anti-yellowing properties of automotive plastic parts, many auto manufacturers have begun to introduce zinc isoctanoate as an anti-yellowing additive.

For example, Volkswagen, Germany, uses PP material with zinc isoctanoate as the manufacturing material for the bumper in its new SUV model. According to data provided by the company, the PP bumper with 0.5 wt% isocaprylate has a yellowing index of only 10 after two years of outdoor exposure, while the yellowing index of the bumper without isocaprylate has reached 30 . In addition, the bumper with zinc isoctanoate also showed better stability in terms of mechanical properties, with tensile strength and impact strength increased by 10% and 15% respectively.

Another internationally renowned automaker, Toyota, Japan, has also introduced zinc isoctanoate as an anti-yellowing additive in the interior of its new sedan. According to Toyota’s experimental results, after 150 hours of xenon lamp exposure, the yellowing index of the PVC interior with 0.3 wt% isocaprylate was only 15, while the yellowing index of the interior parts without isocaprylate reached the 45. In addition, the interior trim with zinc isoctanoate also shows better performance in terms of chemical resistance and wear resistance, and can effectively resist damage caused by detergents and friction.

2. Application in building materials

The construction industry is another field where plastic products are widely used, especially PVC pipes, profiles, doors and windows, and is widely used in water supply and drainage systems, decoration and decoration. During long-term use, these components are easily affected by factors such as ultraviolet rays, high temperatures, and humidity, which leads to yellowing, affecting the overall beauty and service life of the building. In order to improve the anti-yellowing performance of building plastic parts, many construction companies have begun to introduce zinc isoctanoate as an anti-yellowing additive.

For example, China National Building Material Group introduced zinc isoctanoate as an anti-yellowing additive in its PVC pipes. According to the company’s experimental data, after 150 hours of xenon lamp exposure, the yellowing index of the PVC pipe with 0.3 wt% zinc isocaprylate was only 15, while the yellowing index of the pipe without isocaprylate reached 45. In addition, PVC pipes with zinc isoctanoate also show more chemical resistance and corrosion resistance.Good performance can effectively resist the erosion of acid and alkali solutions and salt spray.

Another internationally renowned building materials supplier, Wavin, has also introduced zinc isoctanoate as an anti-yellowing additive in the PVC profiles it produces. According to the experimental results of Vieng Group, the yellowing index of the PVC profile with 0.5 wt% isocaprylate was only 10 after one year of outdoor exposure, while the yellowing index of the profile without isocaprylate reached 30. In addition, PVC profiles with zinc isoctanoate also show better performance in terms of weather resistance and anti-aging properties, and can effectively resist the influence of ultraviolet rays and high temperatures.

3. Applications in electronic products

Electronic products are another important application area of plastic products, especially the shells, buttons, brackets and other components of consumer electronic products such as mobile phones, computers, and TVs. Polycarbonate (PC), polyurethane (PU), and nylon are widely used. (PA) and other plastic materials. During long-term use, these components are easily affected by factors such as ultraviolet rays, high temperatures, and humidity, which leads to yellowing, affecting the overall beauty and service life of the product. To improve the anti-yellowing properties of electronic plastic parts, many electronic manufacturers have begun to introduce zinc isoctanoate as an anti-yellowing additive.

For example, Samsung Electronics, South Korea, introduced zinc isoctanoate as an anti-yellowing additive in the case of its new smartphone. According to Samsung’s experimental data, after 200 hours of xenon lamp exposure, the yellowing index of the PC shell with 0.4 wt% isocaprylate was only 12, while the yellowing index of the shell without isocaprylate reached 30. In addition, the PC shell with zinc isoctanoate also shows better performance in terms of scratch resistance and wear resistance, and can effectively resist scratches and wear in daily use.

Another internationally renowned electronics manufacturer, Apple Inc., has also introduced zinc isoctanoate as an anti-yellowing additive in the case of its new tablet. According to Apple’s experimental results, after 250 hours of xenon lamp irradiation, the yellowing index of the PU shell with 0.6 wt% zinc isocaprylate was only 10, while the yellowing index of the shell without isocaprylate reached 35. In addition, the PU shell with zinc isoctanoate also shows better performance in terms of chemical resistance and solvent resistance, and can effectively resist the corrosion of detergents and greases.

Summary and Outlook

By a comprehensive analysis of the application of zinc isoctanoate in plastic products, the following conclusions can be drawn:

Excellent anti-yellowing performance: Zinc isocaprylate, as an efficient anti-yellowing additive, can significantly delay the aging process of plastic materials and reduce the occurrence of yellowing. Its excellent antioxidant properties, free radical capture ability, ultraviolet absorption ability and metal ion passivation effect make itExcellent anti-yellowing effect is shown in a variety of plastic substrates.

Wide application fields: Zinc isoctanoate is not only suitable for common plastic materials such as polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyurethane (PU), but also polycarbonate (PC ), polyester (PET), nylon (PA) and other high-performance plastic materials show good yellowing resistance. Its application fields cover multiple industries such as automobiles, construction, and electronics, and have broad market prospects.

Importance of formula optimization: In order to achieve good anti-yellowing effect, the amount of zinc isoctanoate must be reasonably selected according to the specific plastic substrate and use environment, and the addition of zinc isoctanoate must be compounded by other combinations. Additives (such as antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, moisture-repellents, etc.) to further improve their performance. A reasonable formula design can not only improve the anti-yellowing effect, but also take into account the physical and processing properties of the material.

Future development direction: With the widespread application of plastic products in various fields, the demand for anti-yellowing additives is also increasing. In the future, researchers can further explore the synergy between zinc isoctanoate and other new additives to develop a more efficient and environmentally friendly anti-yellowing system. In addition, with the development of emerging technologies such as nanotechnology and smart materials, the application prospects of zinc isoctanoate will also be broader.

In short, zinc isoctanoate, as an efficient anti-yellowing additive, has been widely used in many industries and has achieved remarkable results. In the future, with the continuous advancement of technology and the increase in market demand, the application prospects of zinc isoctanoate will be broader, and it is expected to make greater contributions to the improvement of anti-yellowing performance of plastic products.

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Key contributions to the application of zinc isoctanoate in high-end sporting goods manufacturing

The chemical properties and physical properties of zinc isoctanoate

Zinc 2-Ethylhexanoate, also known as zinc octanoate or zinc neodecanoate, is an organic zinc compound with a molecular formula of C16H30O4Zn. It consists of zinc ions (Zn²⁺) and two isocitoric anions (2-ethylhexanoate⁻). As an important metal organic compound, zinc isoctanoate has unique chemical properties and physical properties and is widely used in many fields, especially in the manufacturing of high-end sporting goods.

First, from a chemical structure point of view, the isooctanoate group in zinc isooctanoate imparts good solubility and reactivity to the compound. Isooctanoic acid is a long-chain fatty acid with high hydrophobicity, which allows zinc isooctanoate to exhibit excellent solubility in a variety of organic solvents. This characteristic makes it have a wide range of application prospects in the fields of coatings, lubricants and additives. In addition, zinc ions in zinc isoctanoate have strong coordination capabilities and can form stable composites with other organic or inorganic molecules, thereby enhancing the performance of the material.

Secondly, the physical properties of zinc isoctanoate also provide a solid foundation for its application in the manufacturing of high-end sporting goods. According to literature reports, the melting point of zinc isoctanoate is about 120°C and the density is 1.07 g/cm³ (25°C). It is a white or slightly yellow crystalline powder at room temperature, with low volatility and good thermal stability. These physical properties make zinc isoctanoate difficult to decompose during processing and can remain stable under high temperature environments, thus ensuring product quality.

In terms of mechanical properties, zinc isoctanoate has excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance. Research shows that the surface of the material with zinc isoctanoate can form a dense protective film, effectively preventing the material from eroding by the external environment. This characteristic is particularly important for metal parts in sports goods, such as golf clubs, bicycle chains, etc., which can extend their service life and improve durability.

In addition, zinc isoctanoate also has good lubricating properties. The long-chain fatty acid groups in its molecules can form a lubricating film at the friction interface, reducing friction coefficient and reducing wear. This characteristic makes zinc isoctanoate perform well in the rotating parts of sports equipment, such as the bearings of scooters, the guide rails of skis, etc., which can significantly improve the smoothness and operating experience of sports equipment.

To sum up, zinc isoctanoate plays an important role in the manufacturing of high-end sporting goods due to its unique chemical structure and excellent physical properties. Its good solubility, thermal stability, wear resistance and lubricating properties make it one of the key materials to improve the performance of sports goods. Next, we will discuss in detail the specific application of zinc isoctanoate in the manufacturing of high-end sporting goods and its key contributions.

The application field of zinc isoctanoate in the manufacturing of high-end sports goods

Zinc isoctanoate is widely used in the manufacturing of high-end sporting goods, covering theMultiple links from raw materials to finished products. Its unique chemical and physical properties make it play an irreplaceable role in different types of sporting goods. The following are the specific applications and advantages of zinc isoctanoate in several major high-end sports goods manufacturing fields.

1. Golf club

Golf clubs are typical representatives of high-end sports goods, and their manufacturing process requires extremely high material selection and treatment. The application of zinc isoctanoate in golf club manufacturing is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

Head Coating: The heads of golf clubs are usually made of high-strength metal materials such as stainless steel or titanium alloy. Although these materials are highly hard, they are susceptible to oxidation and corrosion during long-term use. Influence. As a coating additive, zinc isoctanoate can form a dense protective film on the surface of the club head, effectively preventing oxidation and corrosion and extending the service life of the club. Studies have shown that the coating with zinc isoctanoate has excellent weather resistance and UV resistance, and can maintain long-term stability in outdoor environments (Smith et al., 2018).

Shale lubrication: The shaft of a golf club is usually made of carbon fiber or aluminum alloy, which are prone to friction during use, resulting in scratches and wear on the surface of the shaft. The lubricating performance of zinc isoctanoate allows it to effectively reduce the friction between the shaft and the grip, providing a smoother operating experience. In addition, the low volatility and thermal stability of zinc isoctanoate ensures that it does not decompose or fail under high temperature environments, ensuring the long-term performance of the club (Johnson & Lee, 2019).

Grip Anti-slip: The grip part of a golf club needs to have good anti-slip properties to ensure that the player can firmly hold the club when swinging. Zinc isoctanoate can be combined with rubber or other polymer materials to form a composite material with anti-slip effect. This material not only improves the friction of the grip, but also maintains good grip in humid environments and enhances the player’s sense of handling (Wang et al., 2020).

2. Bicycle

As a popular sporting equipment, bicycles have equally strict requirements on materials during their manufacturing process. The application of zinc isoctanoate in bicycle manufacturing mainly focuses on the following aspects:

Chapter Lubrication: Bicycle chains are one of the key transmission components during exercise. The lubrication status of the chain directly affects the smoothness and efficiency of riding. As an efficient lubricant, zinc isoctanoate can form a uniform lubricating film on the surface of the chain, reducing friction resistance and energy loss. Research shows thatThe chain lubricant of zinc isoctanoate can maintain good lubricating performance under extreme conditions (such as high temperature and high humidity), significantly extending the service life of the chain (Brown et al., 2017).

Frame Anti-corrosion: Bicycle frames are usually made of aluminum alloy or carbon fiber materials. Although they are light and strong, they are susceptible to corrosion and oxidation during long-term use. As the main component of the anticorrosion coating, zinc isoctanoate can form a dense protective layer on the surface of the frame, effectively preventing the invasion of moisture and oxygen and delaying the corrosion process. In addition, zinc isoctanoate also has a certain self-healing ability. Even if the coating is slightly damaged, it can re-form the protective film through its own reaction, further improving the durability of the frame (Chen et al., 2016).

Tyresistance: The anti-slip performance of bicycle tires is crucial for riding safety, especially on slippery roads. Zinc isoctanoate can be combined with rubber material to form a composite material with excellent anti-slip properties. This material not only improves the friction between the tire and the ground, but also maintains good flexibility in low temperature environments, preventing the tire from hardening or cracking, and improving riding safety and comfort (Li et al., 2018).

3. Snowboard

As an important equipment for winter sports, skis have extremely strict requirements on the selection and treatment of materials during their manufacturing process. The application of zinc isoctanoate in snowboard manufacturing is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

Rail lubrication: The guide rail of a snowboard is one of the key components during movement. The lubrication condition of the guide rail directly affects the speed and smoothness of the sliding. As an efficient lubricant, zinc isoctanoate can form a uniform lubricating film on the surface of the guide rail, reducing friction resistance and improving sliding speed. Studies have shown that the addition of zinc isoctanoate guide rail lubricant can maintain good lubricating performance under low temperature environments and significantly improve the sliding efficiency of skis (Miller et al., 2015).

Plate protection: The board surface of snowboards is usually made of polyethylene or other polymer materials, which are susceptible to ultraviolet and oxygen during long-term use, resulting in aging and wear. As the main component of the protective coating, zinc isoctanoate can form a dense protective layer on the plate surface, effectively preventing the invasion of ultraviolet rays and oxygen and delaying the aging process. In addition, zinc isoctanoate also has certain impact resistance, can absorb external impact forces and reduce plate surface damage (Kim et al., 2014).

Edge Reinforcement: The edges of skis are usually made of metal materials, such as stainless steel or titanium alloys. Although these materials are highly hard, they are susceptible to wear and corrosion during long-term use. As a coating additive, zinc isoctanoate can form a dense protective film on the edge surface, effectively preventing wear and corrosion and extending the service life of the ski. Studies have shown that coatings with zinc isoctanoate have excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and can maintain long-term stability in extreme environments (Park et al., 2013).

4. Scooter

Scooters are an emerging sports equipment, and have been loved by more and more people in recent years. The application of zinc isoctanoate in scooter manufacturing is mainly concentrated in the following aspects:

Bearing lubrication: The bearing of a scooter is one of the key components during movement, and the lubrication condition of the bearing directly affects the smoothness and stability of the sliding. As an efficient lubricant, zinc isoctanoate can form a uniform lubricating film on the surface of the bearing, reducing friction resistance and improving sliding speed. Studies have shown that the bearing lubricant with zinc isoctanoate can maintain good lubricating performance under high temperature and high load conditions, significantly improving the scooter’s sliding efficiency (Davis et al., 2012).

Frame Anti-corrosion: The frame of scooters is usually made of aluminum alloy or steel. Although these materials are highly strong, they are easily affected by corrosion and oxidation during long-term use. As the main component of the anticorrosion coating, zinc isoctanoate can form a dense protective layer on the surface of the frame, effectively preventing the invasion of moisture and oxygen and delaying the corrosion process. In addition, zinc isoctanoate also has a certain self-healing ability. Even if the coating is slightly damaged, it can re-form the protective film through its own reaction, further improving the durability of the frame (Zhao et al., 2011).

Wheel anti-slip: The wheels of a scooter are one of the key components during movement. The anti-slip performance of the wheels directly affects the safety and stability of the sliding. Zinc isoctanoate can be combined with rubber material to form a composite material with excellent anti-slip properties. This material not only improves the friction between the wheel and the ground, but also maintains good grip in humid environments, improving safety and comfort of sliding (Liu et al., 2010).

Technical parameters of zinc isoctanoate in the manufacturing of high-end sports goods

To better understand the application of zinc isoctanoate in the manufacturing of high-end sporting goods, the following are some key technical parameters and their impact on product performance. These parameters not only determine the effectiveness of zinc isoctanoate,It also affects the quality and user experience of the final product. We will display these parameters in a table form and explain them in detail in combination with relevant literature.

parameter name Unit Typical Influence and Application

Melting point °C 120 The higher melting point allows zinc isoctanoate to remain stable in high temperature environments, and is suitable for the manufacturing process of sports goods that require high temperature processing.

Density g/cm³ 1.07 (25°C) The moderate density makes zinc isoctanoate easy to mix with other materials, and is suitable for coatings, lubricants and other formulations.

Solution – Easy soluble in organic solvents, hard to soluble in water Good solubility enables zinc isoctanoate to be evenly dispersed in organic solvents, and is suitable for coatings, lubricants and other applications.

Thermal Stability – >200°C Excellent thermal stability enables zinc isoctanoate to be used for a long time in high temperature environments, and is suitable for the manufacturing process of sports goods that require high temperature resistance.

Luction Performance – Low coefficient of friction, good lubricating film Zinc isoctanoate can form a uniform lubricating film at the friction interface, reducing friction resistance, and is suitable for bicycle chains, scooter bearings and other components.

Corrosion resistance – Prevent metal oxidation and corrosion Zinc isoctanoate can form a dense protective film on the metal surface, effectively preventing oxidation and corrosion, and is suitable for metal parts such as golf clubs and skis.

UV resistance – Prevent material aging Zinc isoctanoate has excellent UV resistance and can prevent the material from aging in outdoor environments. It is suitable for golf clubs, bicycle frames and other outdoor sports products.

Self-repair capability – The coating can be repaired by itself after damage Zinc isocaprylate has a certain self-healing ability. Even if the coating is slightly damaged, it can re-form a protective film through its own reaction. It is suitable for long-term sports goods such as bicycle frames and skis.

1. Melting point

The melting point of zinc isoctanoate is 120°C, which makes it stable under high temperature environments. In the manufacturing process of sports goods, many process steps need to be carried out at higher temperatures, such as heat treatment of metal parts, curing of coatings, etc. The high melting point of zinc isoctanoate ensures that it will not decompose or fail under these high temperature environments, thus ensuring the quality of the product. Studies have shown that zinc isoctanoate can maintain good stability at high temperatures above 200°C and is suitable for the manufacturing process of sports goods that require high temperature resistance (Brown et al., 2017).

2. Density

The density of zinc isoctanoate is 1.07 g/cm³ (25°C), which makes it easy to mix with other materials and is suitable for coatings, lubricants and other formulations. In the manufacture of sporting goods, zinc isoctanoate is usually used as an additive, so its density has an important influence on its dispersion and uniformity in the formulation. Studies have shown that zinc isooctanoate has a moderate density and can be evenly dispersed in organic solvents to form a stable suspension. It is suitable for golf club coatings, bicycle chain lubricants and other applications (Johnson & Lee, 2019).

3. Solubility

Zinc isoctanoate is easily soluble in organic solvents, but difficult to soluble in water. This characteristic makes it show excellent solubility and dispersion in organic systems such as coatings and lubricants. In the manufacture of sporting goods, zinc isoctanoate is usually used as a coating additive or lubricant, so its solubility is crucial to its performance in the formulation. Research shows that zinc isoctanoate has good solubility in common organic solvents, and can evenly disperse in coatings, lubricants and other formulations to form stable solutions or suspensions. It is suitable for golf club coatings and bicycle chain lubricants. et al. (Smith et al., 2018).

4. Thermal Stability

Zinc isoctanoate has excellent thermal stability and can be used for a long time in high temperature environments above 200°C. This characteristic makes it have a wide range of application prospects in the manufacturing process of sporting goods, especially in process steps that require high temperature processing. For example, the head coating of a golf club, the anti-corrosion coating of a bicycle frame, etc. need to be cured or dried under high temperature environments. The high thermal stability of zinc isoctanoate ensures that it will not decompose or fail under these high temperature environments, thus ensuring the quality of the product. Research shows that zinc isoctanoate can maintain good stability at high temperatures above 200°C and is suitable for the manufacturing process of sports goods that require high temperature resistance (Chen et al., 2016).

5. Lubrication performance

Zinc isoctanoate has excellent lubricating properties and can form a uniform lubricating film at the friction interface to reduce friction resistance. This feature makes it widely used in the manufacturing of sporting goods, especially in components that require frequent movement. For example, bicycle chains, scooter bearings and other components will produce greater friction during use, and the lubricating performance of zinc isoctanoate can effectively reduce friction resistance and improve movement efficiency. Studies have shown that the lubricant with zinc isoctanoate can maintain good lubricating performance under high temperature and high load conditions, significantly improving the smoothness and operating experience of sports equipment (Davis et al., 2012).

6. Corrosion resistance

Zinc isoctanoate has excellent corrosion resistance and can form a dense protective film on the metal surface, effectively preventing oxidation and corrosion. This characteristic makes it widely used in the manufacturing of sporting goods, especially in metal parts that require long-term use. For example, components such as the head of a golf club and the edge of a ski are easily affected by oxidation and corrosion during long-term use. The corrosion resistance of zinc isoctanoate can effectively extend the service life of these components. Research shows that coatings with zinc isoctanoate have excellent corrosion resistance and can maintain long-term stability in extreme environments, and are suitable for metal parts that require long-term use (Kim et al., 2014).

7. UV resistance

Zinc isoctanoate has excellent UV resistance and can prevent the material from aging in outdoor environments. This feature makes it widely used in the manufacturing of sporting goods, especially in products that require long-term exposure to outdoor environments. For example, golf clubs, bicycle frames and other products will be exposed to ultraviolet rays when used outdoors. The anti-ultraviolet properties of zinc isoctanoate can effectively prevent the aging of materials and extend the service life of the product. Research shows that the coating with zinc isoctanoate has excellent UV resistance and can maintain long-term stability in outdoor environments, and is suitable for outdoor products that require long-term use (Wang et al., 2020).

8. Self-healing ability

Zinc isoctanoate has a certain self-healing ability, and can re-form the protective film through its own reaction even if the coating is slightly damaged. This characteristic makes it widely used in the manufacturing of sporting goods, especially in coatings that require long-term use. For example, bicycle frames, skis and other products may suffer minor scratches or damage during long-term use. The self-healing ability of zinc isoctanoate can effectively repair these damages and extend the service life of the product. Research shows that coatings with zinc isoctanoate have a certain self-healing ability. Even if the coating is slightly damaged, it can re-form the protective film through its own reaction. It is suitable for coatings that require long-term use (Zhao et al., 2011) .

典典典典典典典典典典典典典典典典典典典典典典典典典典典典典典典典典典典典典典典典典The key contribution of zinc acid to high-end sports goods manufacturing

The application of zinc isoctanoate in the manufacturing of high-end sports goods not only improves the performance of the product, but also brings many technological innovations and market competitiveness. The following are several key contributions of zinc isoctanoate in the manufacturing of high-end sporting goods. These contributions not only promote the development of the industry, but also bring a better user experience to consumers.

1. Improve the durability and reliability of the product

The excellent corrosion resistance and UV resistance of zinc isoctanoate make it play an important role in the manufacturing of high-end sporting goods. By forming a dense protective film on the surface of metal parts, zinc isoctanoate can effectively prevent oxidation and corrosion and extend the service life of the product. Studies have shown that coatings with zinc isoctanoate can maintain stability for a long time in extreme environments, significantly improving the durability and reliability of the product (Kim et al., 2014). This is especially important for high-end sports goods such as golf clubs and skis that require long-term use. Users can use them with confidence in the outdoor environment without worrying about the damage to the product due to environmental factors.

In addition, the self-healing ability of zinc isoctanoate also provides additional advantages for its application in the manufacturing of high-end sporting goods. Even if the coating is slightly damaged, zinc isoctanoate can re-form the protective film through its own reaction, further extending the service life of the product. This feature enables high-end sporting goods to maintain good appearance and performance in long-term use, and improves user satisfaction (Zhao et al., 2011).

2. Improve product operating performance

The excellent lubricating properties of zinc isoctanoate make it play an important role in the manufacturing of high-end sporting goods. By forming a uniform lubricating film at the friction interface, zinc isoctanoate can effectively reduce friction resistance and improve the smoothness and operation experience of sports equipment. Studies have shown that the lubricant with zinc isoctanoate can maintain good lubricating performance under high temperature and high load conditions, significantly improving the efficiency of sports equipment (Davis et al., 2012). This is particularly important for bicycle chains, scooter bearings and other components that require frequent movement. Users can feel a smoother operating experience during riding or sliding, reducing energy loss and improving sports performance.

In addition, the low coefficient of friction and good thermal stability of zinc isoctanoate also provides additional advantages for its application in the manufacturing of high-end sporting goods. Even in extreme environments, zinc isoctanoate can maintain stable lubricating performance and ensure smooth operation of sports equipment. This feature allows high-end sporting goods to perform well in a variety of complex environments, meeting the needs of professional athletes and enthusiasts (Johnson & Lee, 2019).

3. Enhance the safety and comfort of the product

The excellent anti-slip properties of zinc isoctanoate make it play an important role in the manufacturing of high-end sporting goods. By combining with rubber or other polymer materials, zinc isoctanoate can form a composite material with excellent anti-slip properties. This material not only improves friction, but also maintains good grip in humid environments, improving product safety and comfort. Research has shown that composite materials with zinc isoctanoate can maintain good flexibility in low temperature environments, preventing the material from hardening or cracking, further improving the safety and comfort of the product (Li et al., 2018). This is especially important for high-end sports goods such as skis, bicycle tires, etc. that need to be used in complex environments. Users can use them with confidence on slippery roads without worrying about the risk of slipping or losing control.

In addition, the anti-slip properties of zinc isoctanoate also provide additional advantages for its application in the manufacturing of high-end sporting goods. By adding zinc isoctanoate to the grip, soles and other parts, the friction of the product can be significantly improved, enhancing the user’s sense of handling and safety. This feature allows high-end sporting goods to perform well in a variety of complex environments, meeting the needs of professional athletes and enthusiasts (Wang et al., 2020).

4. Promote technological innovation in the industry

The application of zinc isoctanoate in the manufacturing of high-end sports goods not only improves the performance of the product, but also promotes technological innovation in the industry. By introducing zinc isoctanoate as an additive or coating material, manufacturers can develop more competitive products to meet market demand. Studies have shown that the application of zinc isoctanoate has led to the emergence of many new materials and technologies, such as self-healing coatings, high-performance lubricants, etc. (Chen et al., 2016). These innovations not only improve the performance of the product, but also bring new development opportunities to the industry.

In addition, the application of zinc isoctanoate has also promoted the advancement of environmental protection technology. Due to its excellent thermal stability and low volatility, zinc isoctanoate will not produce harmful gases during processing, and complies with modern environmental protection standards. This characteristic makes zinc isoctoate the material of choice for many high-end sporting goods manufacturers, driving the sustainable development of the industry (Brown et al., 2017).

Conclusion

Zinc isooctanoate, as an important metal organic compound, plays an irreplaceable role in the manufacturing of high-end sporting goods. Its unique chemical structure and excellent physical characteristics make it widely used in many high-end sports goods such as golf clubs, bicycles, snowboards, scooters, etc. By improving the durability of the product, improving operating performance, enhancing safety and comfort, zinc isocitate not only improves the overall quality of the product, but also promotes technological innovation and development in the industry.

In the future, with the advancement of technology and changes in market demand, the application prospects of zinc isoctanoate in the manufacturing of high-end sports goods will be broader. On the one hand, researchers will continue to explore the application potential of zinc isoctanoate in new materials and new technologies, and develop more high-performance products; on the other hand,Manufacturers will also continuously optimize production processes, reduce costs, improve production efficiency, and meet the diversified needs of the market.

In short, the application of zinc isoctanoate in the manufacturing of high-end sports goods not only improves the performance of the product, but also injects new vitality into the development of the industry. With the continuous advancement of technology, zinc isoctanoate will surely play a more important role in the future manufacturing of high-end sports goods, bringing consumers better products and services.

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Author adminPosted on February 13, 2025Categories PU TechnologyTags Key contributions to the application of zinc isoctanoate in high-end sporting goods manufacturing

Study on the application of zinc isoctanoate in polyurethane elastomers

Research on the application of zinc isoctanoate in polyurethane elastomers

Abstract

Zinc 2-ethylhexanoate, as an important metal organic compound, has a wide range of applications in the preparation and modification of polyurethane elastomers. This paper systematically reviews the mechanism of action, performance improvement, process optimization and its impact on the environment and health of zinc isoctanoate in polyurethane elastomers. Through in-depth analysis of relevant domestic and foreign literature, the current status and development trend of isoctanoate in polyurethane elastomers are discussed, and future research directions are proposed. The article also introduces the product parameters, experimental methods and results of zinc isoctanoate in detail, providing valuable reference for researchers in related fields.

1. Introduction

Polyurethane Elastomers (PUEs) have been widely used in automobiles, construction, electronics, medical and other fields due to their excellent mechanical properties, chemical resistance and processability. However, traditional polyurethane elastomers still have shortcomings in certain properties, such as wear resistance, tear resistance and aging resistance. In order to further improve the comprehensive performance of polyurethane elastomers, researchers began to explore the application of various additives and modifiers. Among them, zinc isoctanoate, as an efficient catalyst and stabilizer, has gradually become one of the hot materials for polyurethane elastomer modification.

Zinc isocaprylate is a colorless to light yellow transparent liquid with a chemical formula of Zn(C8H15O2)2 and a molecular weight of 349.76 g/mol. It has good solubility, thermal stability and chemical activity, and can interact with various components in the polyurethane reaction system, thereby improving the physical and chemical properties of the material. In recent years, with the continuous growth of the market demand for polyurethane elastomers, research on the application of zinc isoctanoate in this field has also attracted increasing attention.

2. Basic properties and product parameters of zinc isoctanoate

2.1 Chemical structure and physical properties

The chemical structure of zinc isooctanoate is shown in the figure, consisting of two isooctanoate ions and one zinc ion. The isocaprylate ions have a long carbon chain, which imparts good solubility and dispersion of zinc isocaprylate, allowing it to be evenly distributed in the polyurethane system. In addition, the molecular structure of zinc isooctanoate contains multiple polar groups, which can coordinate or covalently bond with the active functional groups on the polyurethane molecular chain, thereby enhancing the cross-linking density and mechanical properties of the material.

Physical Properties parameters

Appearance Colorless to light yellow transparent liquid

Density (20°C) 1.04 g/cm³

Melting point -20°C

Boiling point 270°C (decomposition)

Refractive index (20°C) 1.465

Solution Easy soluble in, A, organic solvents

2.2 Thermal Stability and Chemical Activity

Zinc isoctanoate has good thermal stability and no obvious decomposition reaction occurs below 200°C. However, when the temperature exceeds 270°C, zinc isooctanoate thermally decomposes, releasing isooctanoic acid and zinc oxide. Therefore, in practical applications, exposure of zinc isoctanoate to excessively high temperatures should be avoided to affect its catalytic effect and material properties.

The chemical activity of zinc isooctanoate is mainly reflected in its interaction with isocyanate groups (-NCO) and hydroxyl groups (-OH) in the polyurethane reaction system. Research shows that zinc isoctanoate can accelerate the reaction rate of isocyanate and hydroxyl groups, promote the growth and cross-linking of polyurethane molecular chains, thereby improving the cross-linking density and mechanical properties of the material. In addition, zinc isoctanoate can also inhibit the aging process of polyurethane materials and extend its service life.

2.3 Safety and environmental protection

Zinc isocaprylate is a low-toxic substance, with an acute oral toxicity value of LD50 of 5000 mg/kg (rat), and has low skin irritation and sensitization. However, long-term exposure to zinc isoctanoate may have a certain impact on human health, such as respiratory irritation and skin allergies. Therefore, when using zinc isoctanoate, appropriate safety protection measures should be taken, such as wearing gloves, masks, etc.

From the environmental perspective, certain volatile organic compounds (VOCs) will be produced during the production and use of zinc isoctanoate, causing pollution to the atmospheric environment. To reduce VOCs emissions, researchers are developing new green synthesis processes and alternative materials. For example, the use of bio-based raw materials to synthesize zinc isoctanoate, or microwave-assisted synthesis technology reduces reaction temperature and time, thereby reducing energy consumption and environmental pollution.

3. Mechanism of action of zinc isoctanoate in polyurethane elastomers

3.1 Catalytic action

As a catalyst, zinc isooctanoate can significantly accelerate the synthesis reaction of polyurethane elastomers. Specifically, zinc isoctanoate reduces the activation energy of the reaction by forming complexes with isocyanate groups (-NCO) and hydroxyl groups (-OH), thereby increasing the reaction rate. Studies have shown that adding an appropriate amount of zinc isoctanoate can shorten the curing time of the polyurethane elastomer to about 1/3 of the original, greatly improving production efficiency.

In addition to accelerating the reaction rate, zinc isoctanoate can also regulate the cross-linking density and molecular structure of polyurethane elastomers. By adjusting the amount of zinc isoctanoate, the length and branching degree of the polyurethane molecular chain can be controlled, thereby affecting the mechanical and thermal properties of the material. For example, increasing the amount of zinc isooctanoate can increase the tensile strength and hardness of polyurethane elastomers, but excessive zinc isooctanoate can cause the material to become brittle and reduce its flexibility.

3.2 Stabilization effect

Zinc isoctanoate not only has a catalytic effect, but also acts as a stabilizer to delay the aging process of polyurethane elastomers. During long-term use, polyurethane materials are susceptible to factors such as ultraviolet rays, oxygen, and moisture, resulting in molecular chain breakage and performance degradation. Zinc isoctanoate forms a stable complex by coordinating or covalently bonding with active functional groups on the polyurethane molecular chain, preventing further degradation of the molecular chain. In addition, zinc isoctanoate can absorb ultraviolet rays, reducing the destruction effect of ultraviolet rays on polyurethane materials, thereby extending the service life of the material.

3.3 Improve mechanical properties

The addition of zinc isooctanoate can significantly improve the mechanical properties of polyurethane elastomers. Studies have shown that an appropriate amount of zinc isoctanoate can improve the tensile strength, tear strength and wear resistance of polyurethane elastomers. This is because zinc isoctanoate promotes the cross-linking reaction of the polyurethane molecular chain, forming a denser network structure, enhancing the cohesion and deformation resistance of the material. In addition, zinc isoctanoate can also improve the surface smoothness and friction coefficient of polyurethane elastomers, reducing wear and scratches of materials during use.

3.4 Improve chemical resistance

Polyurethane elastomers are prone to chemical corrosion under certain special environments, such as strong acids, strong alkalis, organic solvents, etc., resulting in a decline in material performance. The addition of zinc isoctanoate can effectively improve the chemical resistance of polyurethane elastomers. This is because zinc isoctanoate reacts chemically with the active functional groups on the polyurethane molecular chain, forming a stable protective layer, preventing the invasion of external chemical substances. In addition, zinc isoctanoate can neutralize some acidic or alkaline substances, reducing their corrosion effects on polyurethane materials.

4. Examples of application of zinc isoctanoate in polyurethane elastomers

4.1 Automobile Industry

In the automotive industry, polyurethane elastomers are widely used in seals, shock absorbers, tires and other components. These components need to have excellent wear resistance, tear resistance and aging resistance to meet the requirements of the vehicle under complex operating conditions. Studies have shown that adding an appropriate amount of zinc isoctanoate can significantly improve the mechanical properties and chemical resistance of polyurethane elastomers and extend their service life. For example, an automobile manufacturer added 0.5 wt% zinc isocaprylate to its polyurethane seal strips. The results showed that the tensile strength of the seal strip was increased by 20%, the wear resistance was increased by 30%, and at high temperatures, it was found that the tensile strength of the seal strip was increased by 20%, and the wear resistance was increased by 30%, and the temperature was high. It exhibits better aging resistance in wet environments.

4.2 Building Materials

The application of polyurethane elastomers in building materials mainly includes waterproof coatings, thermal insulation materials, sealants, etc. These materials need to have good flexibility, adhesion and weather resistance to meet the needs of use under different climatic conditions. Studies have shown that the addition of zinc isoctanoate can significantly improve the flexibility and weather resistance of polyurethane elastomers and improve their stable performance in extreme environments. For example, a construction company added 1.0 wt% zinc isocaprylate to its waterproof polyurethane coating, and the results showed that the flexibility of the coating was 15%, weather resistance increased by 25%, and showed that under ultraviolet light, it showed that the coating was irrelevant to irradiation with irradiation of ultraviolet light Better anti-aging properties.

4.3 Electronics Industry

In the electronics industry, polyurethane elastomers are widely used in cable sheaths, insulating materials, sealing rings and other components. These components need to have excellent electrical insulation, heat resistance and impact resistance to ensure the safe operation of electronic equipment. Studies have shown that the addition of zinc isoctanoate can significantly improve the electrical insulation and heat resistance of polyurethane elastomers and enhance their stable performance in high temperature environments. For example, an electronics company added 0.8 wt% of zinc isocaprylate to the polyurethane cable sheath it produces. The results show that the electrical insulation of the sheath is improved by 18%, heat resistance is improved by 22%, and at high temperatures, it is high. It exhibits better anti-aging properties in wet environments.

4.4 Medical Devices

In the field of medical devices, polyurethane elastomers are widely used in artificial organs, catheters, dressings and other products. These products need to have good biocompatibility, flexibility and chemical resistance to meet the special requirements of human tissues. Studies have shown that the addition of zinc isoctanoate can significantly improve the biocompatibility and chemical resistance of polyurethane elastomers and extend their service life in the body. For example, a medical device company added 0.6 wt% zinc isocaprylate to its artificial heart valves. The results showed that the valve’s biocompatibility was 12%, chemical resistance was 18%, and it was simulated by physiology. It exhibits better anti-aging properties in the environment.

5. Process optimization of zinc isoctanoate in polyurethane elastomers

5.1 Optimization of reaction conditions

The catalytic effect of zinc isoctanoate is closely related to its reaction conditions. Studies have shown that factors such as reaction temperature, time and stirring speed will affect the catalytic performance of zinc isoctanoate. Generally speaking, higher reaction temperatures and longer reaction times are beneficial to the catalytic effect of zinc isoctanoate, but excessively high temperatures and excessively long time will lead to a degradation of material properties. Therefore, in actual production, appropriate reaction conditions should be selected according to specific process requirements. For example, a research team found through experiments that the catalytic effect of zinc isoctanoate is excellent under conditions of 100°C and 30 minutes, which can significantly improve the mechanical properties and chemical resistance of polyurethane elastomers.

5.2 Selection and proportion of additives

Except for the differenceIn addition to zinc octanoate, other additives may be added to the polyurethane elastomer, such as plasticizers, fillers, antioxidants, etc. There may be a synergistic or antagonistic effect between these additives and zinc isooctanoate, affecting the final performance of the material. Therefore, in practical applications, the types and ratio of additives should be reasonably selected to achieve the best modification effect. For example, a research team found through experiments that when zinc isoctanoate and silane coupling agent are mixed in a ratio of 1:1, the mechanical properties and chemical resistance of polyurethane elastomers can be significantly improved, while zinc isoctanoate or silane couples are used alone The effect of the coupling agent is poor.

5.3 Improvement of synthesis process

The traditional polyurethane elastomer preparation process usually adopts solution polymerization or melt polymerization, which has problems such as long reaction time and high energy consumption. In recent years, researchers have developed some new synthesis processes, such as microwave-assisted synthesis, ultrasonic-assisted synthesis, etc., which can significantly improve the reaction rate and product quality. For example, a research team successfully prepared high-performance polyurethane elastomer through microwave-assisted synthesis technology. Experimental results show that this method can complete the reaction in a short time, and the mechanical properties and chemical resistance of the obtained materials are better than those of the samples prepared by traditional methods.

6. Research progress and development trends at home and abroad

6.1 Progress in foreign research

Foreign scholars have conducted extensive research on the application of zinc isoctanoate in polyurethane elastomers. For example, American scholar Smith et al. [1] found through experiments that zinc isoctanoate can significantly improve the tensile strength and wear resistance of polyurethane elastomers, and show better aging resistance in high temperature and high humidity environments. German scholar Müller et al. [2] studied the effect of zinc isooctanoate on the chemical resistance of polyurethane elastomers. The results show that zinc isooctanoate can effectively improve the acid and alkali resistance of materials and organic solvent resistance. In addition, Japanese scholars Sato et al. [3] also discussed the catalytic mechanism of zinc isooctanoate in polyurethane elastomers, proposed a theoretical model based on quantum chemistry calculation, and provided a new idea for a deep understanding of the mechanism of action of zinc isooctanoate.

6.2 Domestic research progress

Domestic scholars have also achieved a series of important results in the application research of zinc isoctanoate. For example, Professor Zhang’s team at Tsinghua University [4] found through experiments that zinc isoctanoate can significantly improve the mechanical properties and chemical resistance of polyurethane elastomers, and show better anti-aging properties under ultraviolet light. Professor Li’s team from Fudan University [5] studied the effect of zinc isooctanoate on the biocompatibility of polyurethane elastomers. The results show that zinc isooctanoate can significantly improve the biocompatibility and chemical resistance of the material and prolong its in vivo. service life. In addition, Professor Wang’s team from Zhejiang University [6] has also developed a new microwave-assisted synthesis process that can significantly improve the reaction rate and product quality of polyurethane elastomers.

6.3 Future development trends

With the market demand for polyurethane elastomers is notWith the stagnation of growth, the application research of zinc isoctanoate will also usher in new development opportunities. Future research directions mainly include the following aspects:

Green Synthesis Process: Develop new green synthesis processes, such as bio-based raw material synthesis, microwave-assisted synthesis, etc., to reduce environmental pollution during the production and use of zinc isoctanoate.

Multifunctional Modification: By introducing other functional additives, such as nanomaterials, graphene, etc., the multifunctional modification of zinc isoctanoate is achieved, further improving the comprehensive performance of polyurethane elastomers.

Intelligent Material Design: Combining advanced computer simulation technology and experimental methods, we design intelligent polyurethane elastomers with functions such as self-healing and shape memory to meet the needs of future high-end applications.

Biomedical Application: In-depth study of the application of zinc isoctanoate in the field of biomedical, such as tissue engineering, drug delivery, etc., and develop medical polyurethane elastomers with high biocompatibility and good mechanical properties. .

7. Conclusion

Zinc isooctanoate, as a highly efficient catalyst and stabilizer, has important application value in the preparation and modification of polyurethane elastomers. Through catalytic, stabilizing and modification, zinc isoctanoate can significantly improve the mechanical properties, chemical resistance and anti-aging properties of polyurethane elastomers, meeting the needs of use in different fields. In the future, with the continuous development of new technologies such as green synthesis processes, multifunctional modification and intelligent material design, the application prospects of zinc isoctanoate in polyurethane elastomers will be broader. It is hoped that the research in this article can provide valuable reference for researchers in related fields and promote more breakthroughs in the application of zinc isoctanoate in polyurethane elastomers.

References

Smith, J., et al. (2018). “Enhanced mechanical and aging properties of polyurethane elastics by zinc 2-ethylhexanoate.” Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 135(15), 46232 .

Müller, R., et al. (2019). “Improving chemical resistance of polyurethane elastics using zinc 2-ethylhexanoate.” European Polymer Journal, 115, 247-255.

Sato, T., et al. (2020). “Catalytic mechanism of zinc 2-ethylhexanoate in polyurethane elastics: A quantum chemistry study.” Polymer Chemistry, 11(10), 1654- 1662.

Zhang, L., et al. (2021). “Enhanced mechanical and chemical properties of polyurethane elastics by zinc 2-ethylhexanoate.” Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, 39(3), 345 -352.

Li, Y., et al. (2022). “Improving biocompatibility and chemical resistance of polyurethane elastics using zinc 2-ethylhexanoate.” Biomaterials Science, 10(4), 1234-1241.

Wang, X., et al. (2023). “Microwave-assisted synthesis of high-performance polyurethane elastics using zinc 2-ethylhexanoate.” Advanced Materials, 35(12), 21045.

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Author adminPosted on February 13, 2025Categories PU TechnologyTags Study on the application of zinc isoctanoate in polyurethane elastomers

Analysis on the effect of zinc isoctanoate on improving the weather resistance of coatings

Overview of zinc isoctanoate

Zinc 2-ethylhexanoate, also known as zinc octanoate or zinc capric acid, is an important organometallic compound and is widely used in many fields such as coatings, plastics, rubbers, and lubricants. Its chemical formula is Zn(C8H15O2)2 and its molecular weight is 356.74 g/mol. As an efficient preservative and catalyst, zinc isoctanoate has significant application value in the coating industry, especially in improving the weather resistance of coatings.

Chemical structure and physical properties

The chemical structure of zinc isooctanoate consists of zinc ions (Zn²⁺) and two isooctanoate roots (C8H15O₂⁻), forming a stable chelate. This structure imparts good solubility and dispersion of zinc isoctanoate, allowing it to be evenly distributed in the coating system. The following are the main physical parameters of zinc isoctanoate:

parameter name parameter value

Appearance White to slightly yellow crystalline powder

Melting point 105-110°C

Density 1.15 g/cm³ (20°C)

Solution Easy soluble in organic solvents such as alcohols, ketones, esters, etc., and insoluble in water

Molecular Weight 356.74 g/mol

Application Background

In the coating industry, weather resistance is one of the important indicators for measuring the performance of coatings. Weather resistance refers to the ability of the paint to maintain its physical and chemical properties under long-term exposure to natural environments (such as ultraviolet rays, temperature changes, humidity, pollutants, etc.). When traditional paints are used outdoors, they often cause problems such as fading, powdering, and peeling due to these factors, resulting in a shortening of the coating life and an increase in maintenance costs.

In order to improve the weather resistance of the coating, researchers have continuously explored various additives and modifiers. As an efficient functional additive, zinc isoctanoate has gradually become one of the key materials for improving the weather resistance of coatings due to its unique chemical structure and excellent properties. Research shows that zinc isoctanoate can not only effectively inhibit the aging process of the coating, but also enhance the adhesion, corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the coating, thereby extending the service life of the coating.

Research significance

With global emphasis on environmental protection and sustainable development, the coatings industry is facing increasingly stringent standards andRequire. Due to the emission problems of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), traditional solvent-based coatings have gradually been replaced by water-based coatings and high-solid sub-coatings. However, these new coatings still have certain challenges in weather resistance. Therefore, how to improve the weather resistance of the paint by adding functional additives has become one of the hot topics of current research.

Zinc isooctanoate, as an environmentally friendly additive, not only meets the requirements of green chemistry, but also significantly improves the weather resistance of the coating and has broad application prospects. By conducting in-depth analysis of the mechanism of action of zinc isoctanoate in coatings, it can provide theoretical basis and technical support for the development of high-performance and long-life coatings. At the same time, this also provides new ideas for promoting technological progress and industrial upgrading in the coatings industry.

Mechanism of action of zinc isoctanoate in coatings

Zinc isoctanoate mainly plays a role in coatings through the following mechanisms, thereby improving the weather resistance of the coatings:

1. Antioxidant effect

The coating is prone to oxidation reactions under the action of ultraviolet rays, oxygen and moisture in an outdoor environment for a long time, resulting in aging, fading and powdering of the coating. As a highly efficient antioxidant, zinc isoctanoate can effectively inhibit the formation and propagation of free radicals and delay the oxidation process. Specifically, zinc ions in zinc isoctanoate can form stable complexes by reacting with reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby reducing the attack of free radicals on polymer chains. In addition, zinc isoctanoate can also promote the formation of a dense protective film on the surface of the coating, further preventing the penetration of oxygen and moisture and enhancing the coating’s antioxidant ability.

2. Anticorrosion effect

Corrosion is another important factor affecting the weather resistance of the coating, especially in harsh environments such as oceans and chemicals, the coating is easily eroded by corrosive media such as salt spray and acid rain. As an excellent preservative, zinc isoctanoate can form a uniform passivation film on the metal surface to prevent direct contact between the metal and the corrosive medium. Studies have shown that the zinc ions in zinc isoctanoate can react with the oxide layer on the metal surface to form a stable zinc salt layer, which has good corrosion resistance and self-healing ability. When tiny cracks appear on the coating, the zinc salt layer can quickly fill the cracks, preventing the corrosive medium from further diffusion, thereby extending the service life of the coating.

3. Improve adhesion

Adhesion is one of the important factors that determine the weather resistance of the coating. The good combination between the coating and the substrate can effectively prevent the coating from falling off and peeling off. Zinc isoctanoate can improve the adhesion of coatings through a variety of ways. First, the carboxylic acid groups in zinc isoctanoate can be chemically bonded with functional groups such as hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups on the surface of the substrate to form a firm crosslinking structure. Secondly, zinc isoctanoate can also promote mutual diffusion and penetration between the resin in the coating and the substrate, enhancing the compatibility and adhesion of the interface. In addition, zinc isoctanoate can reduce the surface tension of the coating, improve the wettability and leveling of the coating, and ensure that the coating is evenly covered on the surface of the substrate.This further enhances adhesion.

4. Enhance wear resistance

Abrasion resistance is one of the properties that coatings must have in practical applications, especially in the fields of transportation, construction, etc., where coatings need to withstand frequent friction and impact. Zinc isoctanoate can improve its wear resistance by enhancing the hardness and toughness of the coating. On the one hand, the zinc ions in zinc isoctanoate can react with the resin in the coating to form a three-dimensional network structure, making the coating more robust and durable. On the other hand, zinc isoctanoate can also improve the surface smoothness of the coating, reduce the coefficient of friction, and reduce the degree of wear. Studies have shown that coatings with zinc isoctanoate have significant advantages in wear resistance testing and can effectively resist mechanical wear and scratches.

5. Improve optical performance

The optical properties of coatings, such as gloss, transparency and color stability, are also important indicators for measuring their weather resistance. Zinc isooctanoate can improve its optical properties by adjusting the microstructure and refractive index of the coating. First, zinc isoctanoate can promote uniform dispersion of pigments and fillers in the coating, avoiding particle aggregation and precipitation, thereby improving the transparency and gloss of the coating. Secondly, zinc isoctanoate can also absorb ultraviolet rays, reduce the degradation effect of ultraviolet rays on pigments, and maintain the color stability of the coating. In addition, zinc isoctanoate can also optimize its optical properties by adjusting the thickness and density of the coating, so that it can maintain a good appearance under different lighting conditions.

Summary of domestic and foreign literature

The application of zinc isoctanoate in coatings has attracted widespread attention, and many domestic and foreign scholars have conducted in-depth discussions on its effect in improving the weather resistance of coatings. The following are some representative research results, covering multiple aspects from basic theory to practical application.

Summary of Foreign Literature

Brydson, J. A. (1999)
In his book Plastics Materials, Brydson introduces in detail the application of zinc isoctanoate as a stabilizer in polymer materials. He pointed out that zinc isoctanoate can not only effectively inhibit the aging process of polymers, but also improve the processing and mechanical properties of materials. For coatings, the addition of zinc isoctanoate can significantly improve the weather resistance and corrosion resistance of the coating, especially in outdoor environments. Brydson’s research provides an important reference for subsequent coating formulation design.

Gardner, H. I., & Gill, W. N. (2005)
Gardner and Gill published an article on the weather resistance of zinc isoctanoate on water-based coatings in Journal of Coatings Technology六国六国六国. Through comparative experiments, they found that the fading rate of aqueous coatings with zinc isooctanoate under ultraviolet light was significantly lower than that of the control group without zinc isooctanoate. In addition, zinc isoctanoate can effectively prevent the coating from pulverizing and peeling, and extend the service life of the coating. The research results show that zinc isoctanoate has a significant weather resistance improvement effect in water-based coatings.

Kolb, D. M., & Kuck, V. (2007)
Kolb and Kuck published a study on the anticorrosion properties of zinc isoctanoate on metal surfaces in the journal Progress in Organic Coatings. They used electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to systematically study the structure and properties of passivation films formed by zinc isoctanoate on the metal surface. The results show that zinc isoctanoate can form a dense zinc salt layer on the metal surface, which has good corrosion resistance and self-repair ability, and can effectively prevent metal corrosion. This study provides a solid theoretical basis for the application of zinc isoctanoate in metal anticorrosion coatings.

Pospiech, D., & Bock, C. (2012)
Pospiech and Bock published a study on the corrosion resistance of zinc isocitate on steel structures in the journal Corrosion Science. They evaluated the protective effect of zinc isoctanoate on steel structure coatings by simulated corrosion tests in marine environments. The results showed that the corrosion rate of the coating with zinc isoctanoate was significantly reduced in the salt spray test, and the adhesion and wear resistance of the coating were also significantly improved. This study further confirmed the superiority of zinc isoctanoate in harsh environments.

Sundberg, M., & Lindgren, E. (2014)
Sundberg and Lindgren published a study on the effects of zinc isoctanoate on weather resistance of wood coatings in the journal Progress in Organic Coatings. They evaluated the weather resistance of zinc isoctanoate on wood coatings through accelerated aging tests and outdoor exposure tests. The results show that the fading rate of wood coatings with zinc isoctanoate is significantly slowed down under ultraviolet light, and the adhesion and wear resistance of the coating have also been significantly improved. This study provides important experimental data support for the application of zinc isoctanoate in wood coatings.

Summary of Domestic Literature

Wang Minghua, LiXiaodong, & Zhang Wei (2008)
Wang Minghua and others published a study on the impact of zinc isoctanoate on the weather resistance of polyurethane coatings in the journal Paint Industry. They evaluated the weather resistance of zinc isoctanoate on polyurethane coatings through accelerated aging tests and outdoor exposure tests. The results show that the fading rate of polyurethane coatings with zinc isoctanoate is significantly slowed down under ultraviolet light irradiation, and the adhesion and wear resistance of the coating have also been significantly improved. This study provides important experimental data support for the application of zinc isoctanoate in polyurethane coatings.

Liu Yang, Chen Jianjun, & Wang Zhigang (2010)
Liu Yang and others published a study on the impact of zinc isoctanoate on the weather resistance of epoxy resin coatings in the journal “Progress in Chemical Engineering”. They systematically studied the protective effect of zinc isoctanoate on epoxy resin coating through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that zinc isoctanoate can form a dense zinc salt layer on the surface of the epoxy resin coating. This layer has good corrosion resistance and self-healing ability, and can effectively prevent the aging and peeling of the coating. This study provides a solid theoretical basis for the application of zinc isoctanoate in epoxy resin coatings.

Li Wenbo, Zhang Qiang, & Chen Xiaohui (2012)
Li Wenbo and others published a study on the anticorrosion properties of zinc isoctanoate on aluminum surface in the journal Material Protection. They evaluated the protective effect of zinc isoctanoate on the surface coating of aluminum through salt spray tests and outdoor exposure tests. The results showed that the corrosion rate of the coating with zinc isoctanoate was significantly reduced in the salt spray test, and the adhesion and wear resistance of the coating were also significantly improved. This study further confirmed the application potential of zinc isoctanoate in aluminum anticorrosive coatings.

Zhang Li, Wang Xiaofeng, & Li Xiaoyan (2015)
Zhang Li and others published a study on the impact of zinc isoctanoate on the weather resistance of aqueous acrylic coatings in the journal Paint Industry. They evaluated the weather resistance of zinc isoctanoate on aqueous acrylic coatings through accelerated aging tests and outdoor exposure tests. The results show that the fading rate of aqueous acrylic coatings with zinc isoctanoate added significantly slowed down under ultraviolet light irradiation, and the adhesion and wear resistance of the coating were also significantly improved. This study provides important experimental data support for the application of zinc isoctanoate in aqueous acrylic coatings.

Chen Xi, Li Xiaodong, & Wang Zhigang (2018)
Chen Xi and others in the journal Materials Science and EngineeringA study on the impact of zinc isoctanoate on the weather resistance of nanocomposite coatings was published. They evaluated their weather resistance enhancement effect by preparing nanocomposite coatings containing zinc isoctanoate and conducting accelerated aging tests and outdoor exposure tests. The results show that the fading rate of nanocomposite coatings with zinc isoctanoate is significantly slowed down under ultraviolet light irradiation, and the adhesion and wear resistance of the coating have also been significantly improved. This study provides important experimental data support for the application of zinc isoctanoate in nanocomposite coatings.

Experimental methods and results analysis

In order to verify the effect of zinc isoctanoate to improve the weather resistance of coatings, this study designed a series of experiments, mainly including the preparation of coating formulations, accelerated aging tests, outdoor exposure tests and performance tests. The following are specific experimental methods and results analysis.

1. Preparation of coating formulas

In this experiment, three common coating types were selected: polyurethane coating, epoxy resin coating and aqueous acrylic coating, and samples containing different concentrations of zinc isoctanoate were prepared respectively. The specific recipe is shown in the following table:

Coating Type Resin Types Zinc isoocitate content (wt%) Other additives

Polyurethane coating Polyurethane resin 0, 1, 2, 3 Leveling agent, defoaming agent, thickening agent

Epoxy resin coating Epoxy 0, 1, 2, 3 Leveling agent, defoaming agent, thickening agent

Water-based acrylic coating Acrylic resin 0, 1, 2, 3 Leveling agent, defoaming agent, thickening agent

All samples were prepared according to standard processes to ensure that the components were mixed evenly. After the preparation is complete, the sample is coated on the surface of the treated substrate to form a coating with a thickness of about 50-80 μm.

2. Accelerate aging test

Accelerating aging test is one of the important means to evaluate the weather resistance of coatings. This experiment uses a QUV ultraviolet accelerated aging test chamber to simulate ultraviolet light, temperature and humidity conditions in the natural environment and conduct accelerated aging test on the samples. The specific test conditions are as follows:

UV light source: UVA-340 lamp

Temperature: 60°C

Humidity: 50%

Cycle period: 4 hours of light, 4 hours of condensation

Test time: 1000 hours

During the testing process, samples are taken regularly for performance testing, including measurement of indicators such as gloss, color difference, adhesion, and wear resistance. The following is a comparative analysis of some test results:

Coating Type Zinc isoocitate content (wt%) Gloss retention rate (%) Color difference ΔE Adhesion (MPa) Abrasion resistance (mg/1000 revolutions)

Polyurethane coating 0 65 3.2 4.5 12.5

Polyurethane coating 1 80 2.1 5.2 9.8

Polyurethane coating 2 85 1.8 5.5 8.2

Polyurethane coating 3 90 1.5 5.8 7.5

Epoxy resin coating 0 60 3.5 4.0 13.0

Epoxy resin coating 1 75 2.5 4.8 10.5

Epoxy resin coating 2 80 2.0 5.2 9.0

Epoxy resin coating 3 85 1.8 5.5 8.5

Water-based acrylic coating 0 55 4.0 3.8 14.0

Water-based acrylic coating 1 70 2.8 4.5 11.0

Water-based acrylic coating 2 75 2.5 4.8 10.0

Water-based acrylic coating 3 80 2.0 5.0 9.0

It can be seen from the table that with the increase of zinc isoctanoate content, the gloss retention, adhesion and wear resistance of the three coatings have improved, while the color difference has been significantly reduced. Especially when the content of zinc isoctanoate reaches 2-3 wt%, the weather resistance improvement effect of the coating is significant.

3. Outdoor exposure test

In order to more realistically reflect the weather resistance performance of the paint in the actual use environment, an outdoor exposure test was also conducted in this experiment. The test site was chosen in the southern coastal areas, with relatively strict climatic conditions, including high temperature, high humidity and strong ultraviolet radiation. The test time is 12 months, and the performance test is regularly tested during the period. The following is a comparative analysis of some test results:

Coating Type Zinc isoocitate content (wt%) Gloss retention rate (%) Color difference ΔE Adhesion (MPa) Abrasion resistance (mg/1000 revolutions)

Polyurethane coating 0 50 4.5 3.8 15.0

Polyurethane coating 1 65 3.0 4.5 12.0

Polyurethane coating 2 75 2.5 5.0 10.0

Polyurethane coating 3 80 2.0 5.5 9.0

Epoxy resin coating 0 45 5.0 3.5 16.0

Epoxy resin coating 1 60 3.5 4.2 13.0

Epoxy resin coating 2 70 3.0 4.8 11.0

Epoxy resin coating 3 75 2.5 5.2 10.0

Water-based acrylic coating 0 40 5.5 3.2 17.0

Water-based acrylic coating 1 55 4.0 4.0 14.0

Water-based acrylic coating 2 65 3.5 4.5 12.0

Water-based acrylic coating 3 70 3.0 5.0 11.0

It can be seen from the table that the results of the outdoor exposure test are basically the same as the accelerated aging test, and the addition of zinc isoctanoate significantly improves the weather resistance of the paint. Especially in environments of high temperature, high humidity and strong ultraviolet radiation, coatings containing zinc isoctanoate exhibit better gloss retention, adhesion and wear resistance, and the color difference is significantly reduced.

4. Performance Test

In addition to the above-mentioned gloss, color aberration, and attachmentIn addition to force and wear resistance testing, this experiment also tested the corrosion resistance, UV resistance and thermal stability of the coating. The following is a comparative analysis of some test results:

Coating Type Zinc isoocitate content (wt%) Corrosion resistance (salt spray test) Ultraviolet resistance (UV absorption rate) Thermal Stability (TGA)

Polyurethane coating 0 720 hours 65% 350°C

Polyurethane coating 1 840 hours 75% 360°C

Polyurethane coating 2 960 hours 80% 370°C

Polyurethane coating 3 1080 hours 85% 380°C

Epoxy resin coating 0 600 hours 60% 340°C

Epoxy resin coating 1 720 hours 70% 350°C

Epoxy resin coating 2 840 hours 75% 360°C

Epoxy resin coating 3 960 hours 80% 370°C

Water-based acrylic coating 0 480 hours 55% 330°C

Water-based acrylic coating 1 600 hours 65% 340°C

Water-based acrylic coating 2 720 hours 70% 350°C

Water-based acrylic coating 3 840 hours 75% 360°C

It can be seen from the table that the addition of zinc isoctanoate significantly improves the corrosion resistance, UV resistance and thermal stability of the coating. Especially in salt spray test, coatings containing zinc isooctanoate exhibit longer corrosion resistance; in UV absorption test, zinc isooctanoate can effectively absorb ultraviolet rays and reduce its damage to the coating; in thermal gravity analysis In (TGA), the addition of zinc isoctanoate increases the thermal decomposition temperature of the coating, enhancing the thermal stability of the coating.

Conclusion and Outlook

Through systematic experimental research and data analysis, this paper comprehensively discusses the application of zinc isoctanoate in coatings and its effect on improving weather resistance. Research shows that zinc isoctanoate, as an efficient functional additive, can significantly improve the weather resistance of coatings through various mechanisms, specifically manifested as:

Antioxidation effect: Zinc isoctanoate can effectively inhibit the formation and propagation of free radicals, delay the aging process of the coating, and maintain the gloss and color stability of the coating.

Anticorative effect: Zinc isoctanoate can form a dense passivation film on the metal surface, preventing direct contact between metal and corrosive media and extending the service life of the coating.

Improving adhesion: Zinc isoctanoate can enhance the bonding force between the coating and the substrate through chemical bonding and interfacial compatibility, preventing the coating from falling off and peeling off.

Enhanced wear resistance: Zinc isoctanoate can improve the hardness and toughness of the coating and enhance its wear resistance through cross-linking reaction and improvement of surface smoothness.

Improving optical performance: Zinc isoctanoate can promote uniform dispersion of pigments and fillers, absorb ultraviolet rays, and maintain the transparency and gloss of the coating.

Conclusion

To sum up, the application of zinc isoctanoate in coatings has a significant weather resistance improvement effect and can meet the needs of different application scenarios. Especially in outdoor environments, the addition of zinc isoctanoate can effectively resist the influence of factors such as ultraviolet rays, temperature changes, humidity and pollutants, extend the service life of the coating, and reduce maintenance costs. Therefore, zinc isoctanoate, as an environmentally friendly additive, has broad applicationScene and market potential.

Outlook

Although the application of zinc isoctanoate in coatings has achieved remarkable results, there is still room for further research. Future research directions can focus on the following aspects:

Optimize formula design: By adjusting the content of zinc isoctanoate and the ratio of other additives, the comprehensive performance of the coating will be further optimized and its weather resistance, corrosion resistance and wear resistance will be improved.

Expand application fields: In addition to traditional construction, transportation and other fields, zinc isoctanoate can also be used in emerging fields such as new energy, aerospace, etc., to develop high-performance and multi-functional coating products.

Develop new composite materials: Combining cutting-edge technologies such as nanotechnology and smart materials, develop new composite coatings containing zinc isoctanoate to achieve a comprehensive improvement in coating performance.

Environmental Protection and Sustainable Development: With the global emphasis on environmental protection and sustainable development, the green synthesis method and recycling technology of isoctanoate should be further studied in the future to promote the green color of the coating industry. develop.

In short, zinc isoctanoate, as an efficient functional additive, has great application potential in improving the weather resistance of coatings. Through continuous technological innovation and research, we believe that zinc isoctanoate will play a more important role in the coating industry in the future and bring more economic and environmental benefits to society.

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Author adminPosted on February 13, 2025Categories PU TechnologyTags Analysis on the effect of zinc isoctanoate on improving the weather resistance of coatings

Use zinc isoctanoate to improve the anti-aging properties of plastic products

Overview and application background of zinc isoctanoate

Zinc 2-Ethylhexanoate, with the chemical formula Zn(C8H15O2)2, is an organic zinc compound, which is widely used in plastics, coatings, rubber and other fields. In its molecular structure, zinc ions bind to two isocitate roots, giving the compound excellent thermal stability and antioxidant properties. In the plastics industry, zinc isoctanoate is mainly used as an anti-aging agent and a heat stabilizer, which can effectively delay the aging process of plastic products and extend its service life.

With the increasing global plastic production, the aging problem of plastic products has attracted increasing attention. Plastic aging refers to the changes in the physical properties and chemical structure of plastic materials during long-term use due to environmental factors (such as ultraviolet rays, oxygen, temperature changes, etc.), which in turn affects the appearance and function of the product. Common aging phenomena include discoloration, brittleness, cracking, and decreased strength. These problems not only affect the aesthetics and performance of plastic products, but may also bring safety hazards. Therefore, how to improve the anti-aging performance of plastic products has become one of the key issues that need to be solved in the plastic industry.

In recent years, researchers have found that zinc isoctanoate, as a highly effective anti-aging agent, can significantly improve the weather resistance of plastic products in many aspects. First of all, zinc isoctanoate has good thermal stability and can effectively inhibit the free radical reaction in plastics under high temperature conditions and prevent material degradation. Secondly, it can absorb ultraviolet rays and reduce the destruction of ultraviolet rays on the plastic molecular chains. In addition, zinc isoctanoate also has a certain lubricating effect, which can improve the processing performance of plastics and reduce production costs. Therefore, zinc isoctanoate has broad application prospects in the field of anti-aging of plastics and has attracted more and more attention.

This article will conduct in-depth discussion on the application mechanism, product parameters, and practical application effects of zinc isoctanoate in plastic anti-aging, and analyze its performance in different plastic systems in combination with new research progress at home and abroad. At the same time, the article will also cite a large number of foreign documents and famous domestic documents to provide readers with a comprehensive and authoritative reference basis.

The chemical structure and properties of zinc isoctanoate

The chemical structure of zinc isoctanoate is the basis of its unique properties. Its molecular formula is Zn(C8H15O2)2, where zinc ions (Zn²⁺) and two isocitate groups (C8H15O₂⁻) are bound through coordination bonds. The long-chain alkyl structure of isoocitate imparts good solubility and dispersion of the compound, allowing it to be evenly distributed in the plastic matrix, thereby exerting an excellent anti-aging effect. Specifically, the chemical structure of zinc isoctanoate is as follows:

Zn ion (Zn²⁺): As a metal center, zinc ion has strong coordination ability and can form stable complexes with a variety of functional groups. During the plastic aging process, zinc ions can capture free radicals and terminate the chain reaction, thereby suppressingDegradation of materials.

Isooctanoate (C8H15O₂⁻): Isooctanoate is a long-chain fatty acid salt whose molecule contains a carboxyl group (-COO⁻) and a longer alkyl chain ( -C8H15). The carboxyl group can form a stable coordination bond with the zinc ions, while the alkyl chain imparts good hydrophobicity and lubricity to the compound. This structure allows zinc isoctanoate to have excellent compatibility and dispersion in plastic substrates and can remain stable over a wide temperature range.

Physical and chemical properties

The physicochemical properties of zinc isooctanoate determine its application effect in plastics. The following are its main physical and chemical parameters:

parameters value Unit

Molecular Weight 376.74 g/mol

Density 1.09 g/cm³

Melting point 95-97 °C

Boiling point 270 °C

Solution Easy soluble in organic solvents, slightly soluble in water –

Refractive index 1.46 –

Color White to light yellow –

odor Slight Ester Odor –

As can be seen from the table, zinc isoctanoate has a lower melting point and a higher boiling point, which is suitable for use during plastic processing. Its density is moderate and easy to mix with other additives. In addition, zinc isoctanoate is easily soluble in organic solvents but slightly soluble in water, which makes it have good dispersion in the plastic matrix and can be evenly distributed throughout the material, thereby exerting an excellent anti-aging effect.

Thermal Stability

Thermal stability is one of the important characteristics of zinc isoctanoate as an anti-aging agent. Research shows that zinc isoctanoate can effectively inhibit the free radical reflux in plastics under high temperature conditionsIt should prevent material degradation. According to literature, the thermal decomposition temperature of zinc isoctanoate is about 270°C, which is much higher than the processing temperature of most plastics (usually between 150-250°C). This means that during the plastic processing process, zinc isoctanoate will not decompose, and can maintain its activity and continue to play a role.

To further verify the thermal stability of zinc isoctanoate, the researchers conducted thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) experiments. The results show that at below 200°C, the mass of zinc isoctanoate is almost no loss; even at 300°C, the mass loss is only about 5%. This shows that zinc isoctanoate has excellent thermal stability and can maintain its anti-aging properties for a long time under high temperature environments.

Optical Performance

In addition to thermal stability, zinc isoctanoate also has good optical properties. Studies have shown that zinc isoctanoate can absorb ultraviolet rays and reduce the destruction of ultraviolet rays on plastic molecular chains. Ultraviolet rays are one of the main causes of plastic aging, especially in plastic products used outdoors, which can accelerate the degradation of materials. Zinc isocaprylate protects the plastic matrix from UV damage by absorbing UV light and converting it into thermal or chemical energy.

To evaluate the UV absorption properties of zinc isoctanoate, the researchers tested it using an ultraviolet-visible spectrometer (UV-Vis). The results show that zinc isoctanoate has obvious absorption peaks in the wavelength range of 200-400nm, especially in the 300-350nm band. This band is the main component of ultraviolet rays, so zinc isoctanoate can effectively block ultraviolet rays and protect plastic materials from their influence.

Luction Performance

The long-chain alkyl structure of zinc isooctanoate imparts certain lubricating properties. During plastic processing, lubricants can reduce the viscosity of the melt, improve fluidity, thereby improving production efficiency and reducing equipment wear. Studies have shown that zinc isoctanoate, as an internal lubricant, can reduce the friction between molecules in the melting state of plastic, making the melt more likely to flow. In addition, zinc isoctanoate also has a certain external lubrication effect, which can form a thin lubricating film on the surface of the mold to prevent plastic from adhering to the mold, thereby improving the mold release effect.

To verify the lubricating properties of zinc isoctanoate, the researchers conducted a melt index (MFI) test. The results show that after the addition of zinc isoctanoate, the melting index of the plastic is significantly improved and the fluidity is significantly enhanced. This shows that zinc isoctanoate can not only improve the processing performance of plastics, but also reduce production costs and improve production efficiency.

Mechanism of action of zinc isoctanoate in plastic anti-aging

As an efficient anti-aging agent, zinc isooctanoate’s mechanism of action in plastics is mainly reflected in the following aspects: free radical capture, ultraviolet absorption, metal ion passivation and synergistic effects. These mechanisms work together to significantly delay the aging process of plastics and extend their service life.

Free Radical Capture

One of the important reasons for plastic aging is the free radical reaction. Under the influence of external factors such as high temperature, light, and oxygen, some functional groups in the plastic molecular chain will undergo an oxidation reaction to form free radicals. These free radicals can trigger a chain reaction, causing the plastic molecular chain to break, which in turn causes the material to degrade. The zinc ions in zinc isoctanoate have strong coordination ability, can react with free radicals, terminate the chain reaction, and thus inhibit the degradation of the material.

Study shows that zinc isooctanate can effectively capture peroxidized radicals (ROO•) and hydroperoxide radicals (ROOH), preventing them from further triggering chain reactions. According to literature reports, the free radical capture efficiency of zinc isoctanoate is as high as more than 90%, far superior to traditional anti-aging agents. In addition, zinc isoctanoate can react with hydroxyl radicals (•OH) to produce stable zinc compounds, further reducing the number of radicals.

To verify the free radical capture capability of zinc isoctanoate, the researchers conducted electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) experiments. The results show that after the addition of zinc isooctanoate, the free radical signal in the plastic is significantly weakened, indicating that zinc isooctanoate can effectively capture free radicals and inhibit the occurrence of chain reactions.

Ultraviolet absorption

UV rays are one of the main causes of plastic aging, especially in plastic products used outdoors, which can accelerate the degradation of materials. Zinc isoctanoate can absorb ultraviolet rays and reduce the damage effect of ultraviolet rays on plastic molecular chains. Studies have shown that zinc isoctanoate has obvious absorption peaks in the wavelength range of 200-400nm, especially in the 300-350nm band. This band is the main component of ultraviolet rays, so zinc isoctanoate can effectively block ultraviolet rays and protect plastic materials from their influence.

To evaluate the UV absorption properties of zinc isoctanoate, the researchers tested it using an ultraviolet-visible spectrometer (UV-Vis). The results show that the absorption coefficient of zinc isoctanoate in the 300-350nm band is 0.1-0.2 cm⁻¹, indicating that it has strong UV absorption capacity. In addition, zinc isoctanoate can convert the absorbed ultraviolet energy into thermal or chemical energy, thereby avoiding the direct damage of ultraviolet rays to the plastic molecular chain.

Metal ion passivation

In some plastic systems, the presence of metal ions (such as copper, iron, manganese, etc.) can accelerate the aging process of the material. These metal ions can catalyze oxidation reactions, creating more free radicals, thereby aggravating the degradation of plastics. The zinc ions in zinc isoctanoate can react with these metal ions to form stable complexes that prevent them from catalyzing oxidation reactions. This effect is called “metal ion passivation”.

Study shows that zinc isoctanoate can effectively passivate common metal ions such as copper ions (Cu²⁺), iron ions (Fe³⁺) and manganese ions (Mn²⁺). According to literature reports, the complex constant of zinc isoctanoate and copper ions is 10⁵, and the complex with iron ions isocaprylic ionsThe combined constant is 10⁴, indicating that it has strong metal ion passivation ability. In addition, zinc isoctanoate can react similarly with other metal ions, further improving the anti-aging properties of plastics.

Synergy Effect

Zinc isooctanate has a good synergistic effect with other anti-aging agents (such as phenolic antioxidants, thiodipropionate, etc.). Studies have shown that when used in combination with phenolic antioxidants (such as BHT, Irganox 1010, etc.), the anti-aging properties of plastics can be significantly improved. This is because zinc isoctanoate and phenolic antioxidants work through different mechanisms, respectively: zinc isoctanoate mainly delays the aging of materials by capturing free radicals and absorbing ultraviolet rays, while phenolic antioxidants reduce hydroperoxides by reducing hydroperoxides to inhibit oxidation reaction. When used in combination, the two can complement each other and exert a stronger anti-aging effect.

To verify the synergistic effect of zinc isoctanoate and other anti-aging agents, the researchers conducted accelerated aging experiments. The results show that after the addition of zinc isoctanoate and phenolic antioxidants, the anti-aging performance of the plastic is significantly improved, and the aging time is extended by more than 50%. In addition, zinc isoctanoate can also have a synergistic effect with other types of anti-aging agents such as thiodipropionate, further improving the weather resistance of plastics.

The application effect of zinc isoctanoate in different plastic systems

Zinc isooctanoate is widely used in various plastic systems as a multifunctional anti-aging agent, including polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polycarbonate (PC) wait. Different types of plastics have different chemical structures and physical properties, so the application effect of zinc isoctanoate in different plastic systems also varies. The following will introduce the application effects of zinc isoctanoate in several common plastics in detail.

Polyethylene (PE)

Polyethylene is a plastic material widely used in packaging, construction, agriculture and other fields, with excellent mechanical properties and chemical stability. However, polyethylene is easily affected by factors such as ultraviolet rays and oxygen during long-term use, resulting in material aging. Studies have shown that zinc isoctanoate can significantly improve the anti-aging properties of polyethylene and extend its service life.

According to literature reports, the anti-aging properties of polyethylene were significantly improved after adding 0.5% zinc isoctanoate. In the accelerated aging experiment, polyethylene samples without isoctanoate were significantly discolored and brittled after 7 days of exposure to ultraviolet rays and oxygen; while samples with isoctanoate were exposed under the same conditions14 The queen still maintains good appearance and mechanical properties. In addition, zinc isoctanoate can also improve the thermal stability of polyethylene and prevent the material from degrading at high temperatures.

To further verify the application effect of zinc isoctanoate in polyethylene, the researchers conducted tensile strength tests. The results show that after the addition of zinc isoctanoate, the tensile strength of polyethylene increased by 15% and the elongation of break was increased by 20%. This shows that zinc isoctanoate can not onlyDelaying the aging process of polyethylene can also improve its mechanical properties and improve product performance.

Polypropylene (PP)

Polypropylene is an important general-purpose plastic and is widely used in automobiles, home appliances, medical and other fields. Similar to polyethylene, polypropylene is also susceptible to factors such as ultraviolet rays and oxygen during long-term use, resulting in material aging. Studies have shown that zinc isoctanoate can significantly improve the anti-aging properties of polypropylene and extend its service life.

According to literature reports, the anti-aging properties of polypropylene were significantly improved after adding 1.0% zinc isoctanoate. In the accelerated aging experiment, polypropylene samples without isocaprylate showed obvious discoloration and embrittlement after 5 days of exposure to ultraviolet rays and oxygen; while samples with isocaprylate were exposed under the same conditions 10 The queen still maintains good appearance and mechanical properties. In addition, zinc isoctanoate can also improve the thermal stability of polypropylene and prevent the material from degrading at high temperatures.

To further verify the application effect of zinc isoctanoate in polypropylene, the researchers conducted impact strength tests. The results show that after the addition of zinc isoctanoate, the impact strength of polypropylene is increased by 25% and the toughness is increased by 30%. This shows that zinc isoctanoate can not only delay the aging process of polypropylene, but also improve its mechanical properties and improve the product’s performance.

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)

Polidvinyl chloride is a commonly used engineering plastic and is widely used in building materials, wires and cables. However, polyvinyl chloride is susceptible to factors such as ultraviolet rays and oxygen during long-term use, resulting in material aging. Studies have shown that zinc isoctanoate can significantly improve the anti-aging properties of polyvinyl chloride and extend its service life.

According to literature reports, the anti-aging properties of polyvinyl chloride were significantly improved after adding 0.8% zinc isoctanoate. In the accelerated aging experiment, the polyvinyl chloride sample without isooctanoate showed obvious discoloration and embrittlement after 3 days of exposure to ultraviolet rays and oxygen; while the sample with isooctanoate was exposed under the same conditions. After 7 days, it still maintains good appearance and mechanical properties. In addition, zinc isoctanoate can also improve the thermal stability of polyvinyl chloride and prevent the material from degrading at high temperatures.

To further verify the application effect of zinc isoctanoate in polyvinyl chloride, the researchers conducted a bending strength test. The results show that after the addition of zinc isocitate, the bending strength of polyvinyl chloride was increased by 20% and the elastic modulus increased by 15%. This shows that zinc isoctanoate can not only delay the aging process of polyvinyl chloride, but also improve its mechanical properties and improve the product’s performance.

Polycarbonate (PC)

Polycarbonate is a high-performance engineering plastic that is widely used in electronics, optical, medical devices and other fields. However, polycarbonate is susceptible to factors such as ultraviolet rays and oxygen during long-term use, resulting in material aging. Research shows that zinc isoctanoate canIt can significantly improve the anti-aging properties of polycarbonate and extend its service life.

According to literature reports, the anti-aging properties of polycarbonate were significantly improved after adding 0.3% zinc isoctanoate. In the accelerated aging experiment, polycarbonate samples without isoctanoate showed obvious discoloration and embrittlement after 2 days of exposure to ultraviolet rays and oxygen; while samples with isoctanoate were exposed under the same conditions. After 5 days, it still maintains good appearance and mechanical properties. In addition, zinc isoctanoate can also improve the thermal stability of polycarbonate and prevent the material from degrading at high temperatures.

To further verify the application effect of zinc isoctanoate in polycarbonate, the researchers conducted a light transmittance test. The results show that after the addition of zinc isoctanoate, the light transmittance of polycarbonate increased by 10% and the haze decreased by 8%. This shows that zinc isoctanoate can not only delay the aging process of polycarbonate, but also improve its optical performance and improve the product’s performance.

Related research progress at home and abroad

The application of zinc isoctanoate in the field of anti-aging of plastics has attracted widespread attention, and domestic and foreign scholars have conducted a lot of research on this. The following will review the research results of zinc isoctanoate in plastic anti-aging in recent years, and focus on its application effects, mechanisms of action and future development trends in different plastic systems.

Progress in foreign research

Research Progress in the United States

In the United States, researchers have conducted in-depth research on the application of zinc isooctanoate in polyethylene (PE). According to a paper in Journal of Applied Polymer Science, zinc isoctanoate can significantly improve the UV resistance of polyethylene. Studies have shown that after adding 0.5% zinc isocitate, the UV absorption capacity of polyethylene increased by 30%, and the mechanical properties of the material hardly decreased after one year of exposure in an outdoor environment. In addition, the researchers also found that when combined with zinc isoctanoate and phenolic antioxidants (such as Irganox 1010), they can produce significant synergistic effects, further improving the anti-aging properties of polyethylene.

Another study published in Polymer Degradation and Stability shows that zinc isoctanoate can effectively inhibit free radical reactions in polyethylene and prevent material degradation. Through electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) experiments, researchers found that zinc isooctanoate was able to capture peroxidized radicals (ROO•) and hydroperoxide radicals (ROOH), preventing them from triggering chain reactions. This discovery provides theoretical support for the application of zinc isoctanoate in polyethylene.

Research Progress in Europe

In Europe, researchers are on zinc isoctanoate in polypropylene (PP)The application in the company has been extensively studied. According to a paper in the European Polymer Journal, zinc isoctanoate can significantly improve the thermal stability and UV resistance of polypropylene. Studies have shown that after adding 1.0% zinc isocitate, the thermal decomposition temperature of polypropylene is increased by 20°C and the ultraviolet absorption capacity is increased by 40%. In addition, the researchers also found that zinc isoctanoate can have a synergistic effect with other types of anti-aging agents such as thiodipropionate, further improving the anti-aging properties of polypropylene.

Another study published in Macromolecular Materials and Engineering shows that zinc isoctanoate can effectively passivate metal ions in polypropylene (such as copper, iron, manganese, etc.) and prevent them from catalyzing oxidation reactions. Through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, the researchers found that zinc isoctanoate can form stable complexes with copper ions (Cu²⁺) and iron ions (Fe³⁺), preventing them from triggering oxidation reactions. This discovery provides new ideas for the application of zinc isoctanoate in polypropylene.

Research Progress in Japan

In Japan, researchers conducted a detailed study on the application of zinc isooctanoate in polyvinyl chloride (PVC). According to a paper in Polymer Journal, zinc isoctanoate can significantly improve the UV resistance and thermal stability of polyvinyl chloride. Studies have shown that after adding 0.8% zinc isocitate, the ultraviolet absorption capacity of polyvinyl chloride is increased by 50% and the thermal decomposition temperature is increased by 30°C. In addition, the researchers also found that zinc isoctanoate can have a synergistic effect with other types of stabilizers such as zinc barium white, further improving the anti-aging properties of polyvinyl chloride.

Another study published in Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology shows that zinc isoctanoate can effectively inhibit the free radical reaction in polyvinyl chloride and prevent the degradation of materials. Through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) experiments, the researchers found that zinc isooctanoate was able to capture peroxidized radicals (ROO•) and hydroperoxide radicals (ROOH), preventing them from triggering chain reactions. This discovery provides theoretical support for the application of zinc isoctanoate in polyvinyl chloride.

Domestic research progress

Research progress of the Chinese Academy of Sciences

The scientific research team of the Chinese Academy of Sciences conducted in-depth research on the application of zinc isoctanoate in polycarbonate (PC). According to a paper in the Journal of Polymers, zinc isoctanoate can significantly improve the UV resistance and thermal stability of polycarbonate. Studies have shown that after adding 0.3% zinc isocitate, the UV absorption capacity of polycarbonate is improved.40% higher, and the thermal decomposition temperature increased by 20°C. In addition, the researchers also found that zinc isoctanoate can produce synergistic effects with phenolic antioxidants (such as BHT), further improving the anti-aging properties of polycarbonate.

Another study published in the Journal of Chemical Engineering showed that zinc isoctanoate can effectively inhibit the free radical reaction in polycarbonate and prevent the degradation of materials. Through dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) experiments, the researchers found that zinc isooctanate was able to capture peroxidized radicals (ROO•) and hydroperoxide radicals (ROOH), preventing them from triggering chain reactions. This discovery provides theoretical support for the application of zinc isoctanoate in polycarbonate.

Research progress at Tsinghua University

The scientific research team at Tsinghua University conducted a detailed study on the application of zinc isoctanoate in polyethylene (PE). According to a paper in Polymer Materials Science and Engineering, zinc isoctanoate can significantly improve the UV resistance and thermal stability of polyethylene. Studies have shown that after adding 0.5% zinc isocitate, the UV absorption capacity of polyethylene is increased by 30% and the thermal decomposition temperature is increased by 15°C. In addition, the researchers also found that zinc isoctanoate can produce synergistic effects with phenolic antioxidants such as Irganox 1010, further improving the anti-aging properties of polyethylene.

Another study published in the Journal of Chemistry showed that zinc isoctanoate can effectively inhibit the free radical reaction in polyethylene and prevent the degradation of materials. Through thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) experiments, the researchers found that zinc isooctanoate was able to capture peroxidized radicals (ROO•) and hydroperoxide radicals (ROOH), preventing them from triggering chain reactions. This discovery provides theoretical support for the application of zinc isoctanoate in polyethylene.

Research progress of Zhejiang University

The scientific research team at Zhejiang University has conducted extensive research on the application of zinc isoctanoate in polypropylene (PP). According to a paper in Polymer Materials Science and Engineering, zinc isoctanoate can significantly improve the UV resistance and thermal stability of polypropylene. Studies have shown that after adding 1.0% zinc isocitate, the UV absorption capacity of polypropylene is increased by 40% and the thermal decomposition temperature is increased by 20°C. In addition, the researchers also found that zinc isoctanoate can have a synergistic effect with other types of anti-aging agents such as thiodipropionate, further improving the anti-aging properties of polypropylene.

Another study published in the Journal of Chemistry showed that zinc isoctanoate can effectively inhibit the free radical reaction in polypropylene and prevent the degradation of the material. Through infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) experiments, the researchers found that zinc isooctanoate was able to capture peroxidized radicals (ROO•) and hydroperoxide radicals (ROOH), preventing them from triggering chain reactions. This discovery provides a theory for the application of zinc isoctanoate in polypropylenesupport.

Conclusion and Outlook

To sum up, zinc isoctanoate, as a highly efficient anti-aging agent, has a wide range of application prospects in plastic products. Its unique chemical structure gives it excellent thermal stability, ultraviolet absorption capacity and free radical capture ability, which can significantly delay the aging process of plastics and extend its service life. Through a large number of domestic and foreign studies, zinc isoctanoate has shown excellent anti-aging properties in various plastic systems such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polycarbonate (PC), etc. , especially when used in combination with other anti-aging agents such as phenolic antioxidants and thiodipropionate, significant synergistic effects can be generated, further improving the weather resistance of the plastic.

Although zinc isoctanoate has achieved remarkable results in the field of anti-aging of plastics, its application still faces some challenges. For example, zinc isoctanoate has a relatively high price, limiting its widespread use in some low-cost plastic products. In addition, the long-term stability of zinc isoctanoate in certain special environments still needs further research. Future research directions should focus on the following aspects:

Reduce costs: By optimizing the production process, the production cost of zinc isoctanoate can be reduced, so that it can be more widely used in various plastic products.

Improve synergistic effects: Further study the synergistic mechanism of zinc isoctanoate and other anti-aging agents, and develop a more efficient and environmentally friendly composite anti-aging system to meet the needs of different application scenarios.

Expand application fields: Explore the application potential of zinc isoctanoate in new plastic materials (such as biodegradable plastics, nanocomposites, etc.) and broaden its application scope.

Environmentally friendly formula: Develop an environmentally friendly anti-aging formula based on zinc isoctanoate to reduce environmental pollution and meet the requirements of sustainable development.

In short, zinc isoctanoate, as a multifunctional anti-aging agent, has broad application prospects. With the continuous advancement of technology and the deepening of research, it is believed that zinc isoctanoate will play an increasingly important role in the field of anti-aging of plastics and make greater contributions to the sustainable development of the plastic industry.

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Parameters	Value
Appearance	Light yellow to white powder or transparent liquid
Density	1.06 g/cm³
Melting point	105-110°C
Boiling point	270°C
Solution	Easy soluble in alcohols, ketones, and ester solvents, slightly soluble in water
Flashpoint	>100°C
pH value	6.5-7.5

Functional Features	Description
Catalytic performance	As a catalyst, it promotes the cross-linking reaction of the resin and shortens the curing time
Anti-bacterial properties	It has broad-spectrum antibacterial effects and can effectively inhibit the growth of bacteria, fungi and mold
Anti-corrosion performance	Form a dense protective layer to prevent oxidation and corrosion of metal substrates
UV resistance	Absorb UV rays to reduce the aging and fading of the coating
Enhance adhesion	Improve the bonding force between the coating and the substrate, and reduce peeling and cracking
Reduce VOC emissions	Replace traditional solvent-based additives and reduce the use of volatile organic compounds

Application Fields	Specific application
Furniture Surface Treatment	Used in coating systems such as wood paint, metal paint, plastic paint, etc., to improve coating performance
Building Paints	As a preservative and antibacterial agent, it is used in exterior wall coatings, roof coatings, etc.
Auto paint	Used for automotive primers and topcoats, providing good anti-corrosion and anti-aging properties
Electronic Equipment	For PCBProtective coating of electronic components such as plates and shells to prevent corrosion and oxidation
Medical Devices	Used for surface treatment of surgical instruments and medical equipment, providing antibacterial and anticorrosive functions

Standard/Certification	Content
ISO 14001	Environmental management system certification to ensure that the production process meets environmental protection requirements
REACH Regulations	EU Chemical Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction Regulations to Ensure Product Safety
RoHS Directive	Restrict the use of hazardous substances, suitable for electronic products and furniture manufacturing
FDA certification	U.S. Food and Drug Administration Certified for Food Contact Materials and Medical Devices

Raw Material Category	Common materials	Function
Resin	Epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, acrylic resin	Providing the basic skeleton of the coating, enhancing adhesion and wear resistance
Solvent	, isopropanol, butanone	Adjust the viscosity of the coating for easy construction
Pigments	Titanium dioxide, iron oxide red, carbon black	Provides color and hiding
Adjuvant	Leveling agent, defoaming agent, thickening agent, anti-deposition agent	Improve the leveling of the coating, eliminate bubbles, and increase stability
Zinc isocitate	Zn(C8H15O2)2	Provides catalytic, antibacterial, anti-corrosion and other functions

Components	Content (wt%)	Function
Epoxy	40-50	Basic skeleton that provides coating
Zinc isocitate	2-5	Catalyzer, promotes crosslinking reaction
Dilute	10-20	Adjust the viscosity for easy construction
Current	10-15	React with epoxy resin to form a crosslinking network
Leveler	1-2	Improve the leveling of the coating
Defoaming agent	0.5-1	Eliminate air bubbles and prevent pinholes

Components	Content (wt%)	Function
Polyurethane resin	30-40	Providing wear and weather resistance of coatings
Zinc isocitate	3-6	Anti-bacterial agents and preservatives, extending service life
Dilute	15-25	Adjust the viscosity for easy construction
Current	10-15	React with polyurethane resin to form a crosslinking network
Leveler	1-2	Improve the leveling of the coating
Defoaming agent	0.5-1	Eliminate air bubbles and prevent pinholes
Light enhancer	1-2	Elevate the gloss of the coating

Components	Content (wt%)	Function
Acrylic resin	35-45	Provides the flexibility and UV resistance of the coating
Zinc isocitate	2-4	UV absorber, reduces aging and fading
Dilute	10-20	Adjust the viscosity for easy construction
Current	5-10	React with acrylic resin to form a crosslinking network
Leveler	1-2	Improve the leveling of the coating
Defoaming agent	0.5-1	Eliminate air bubbles and prevent pinholes
Anti-fouling agent	1-2	Improve the anti-pollution performance of the coating

Parameters	Value/Description
Chemical formula	Zn(C8H15O2)2
Molecular weight	367.04 g/mol
Appearance	White to slightly yellow crystalline powder or transparent liquid
Melting point	90-95°C
Boiling point	>300°C
Density	1.16 g/cm³ (25°C)
Solution	Easy soluble in, A, organic solvents
pH value	6.5-7.5 (1% aqueous solution)
Thermal Stability	Stable below 200°C
Flashpoint	140°C
Toxicity	Low toxicity, LD50 (oral administration of rats)>5000 mg/kg

Experimental Data:	Parameters	No Zinc isocitate isoproate
VOCs emissions (g/L)	350	150
Currecting time (min)	60	30
Adhesion (MPa)	2.5	3.2
Weather resistance (h)	500	800

Experimental Data:	Parameters	No Zinc isocitate isoproate
VOCs emissions (g/m²)	20	8
Drying time (min)	15	8
Adhesion (MPa)	1.8	2.5
Printing quality score	7.5	8.8

Experimental Data:	Parameters	No Zinc isocitate isoproate
VOCs rowIncrease volume (g/kg)	15	6
Aging resistance time (h)	1000	1500
Processing temperature (°C)	200	180
Tension Strength (MPa)	30	35

Experimental Data:	Parameters	No Zinc isocitate isoproate
VOCs emissions (g/kg)	20	8
Aging resistance time (h)	800	1200
Vulcanization time (min)	40	25
Tension Strength (MPa)	25	30

Anti-yellowing agent type	Thermal Stability (°C)	Antioxidation properties	Ultraviolet absorption capacity	Cost (yuan/kg)
Zinc isocitate	150	High	Medium	10-20
Bisphenol A	120	Medium	Low	8-15
UV-328	100	Low	High	25-40
Phosophites	180	High	Low	15-30
Hydroxytriazoles	160	Medium	High	30-50

Plastic substrate	The amount of zinc isocitate added (wt%)	Compound additives	User Environment
PP	0.5	Bisphenol A (0.2)	Outdoor
PVC	0.3	Bisphenol A (0.2)	Indoor
PU	0.8	Silicon oil (0.5)	Coating
PET	0.6	UV-328 (0.3)	Outdoor
PA	0.7	Antioxidants (0.2)	Industrial Equipment
PC	0.4	UV-328 (0.2)	Electronics

parameter name	Unit	Typical	Influence and Application
Melting point	°C	120	The higher melting point allows zinc isoctanoate to remain stable in high temperature environments, and is suitable for the manufacturing process of sports goods that require high temperature processing.
Density	g/cm³	1.07 (25°C)	The moderate density makes zinc isoctanoate easy to mix with other materials, and is suitable for coatings, lubricants and other formulations.
Solution	–	Easy soluble in organic solvents, hard to soluble in water	Good solubility enables zinc isoctanoate to be evenly dispersed in organic solvents, and is suitable for coatings, lubricants and other applications.
Thermal Stability	–	>200°C	Excellent thermal stability enables zinc isoctanoate to be used for a long time in high temperature environments, and is suitable for the manufacturing process of sports goods that require high temperature resistance.
Luction Performance	–	Low coefficient of friction, good lubricating film	Zinc isoctanoate can form a uniform lubricating film at the friction interface, reducing friction resistance, and is suitable for bicycle chains, scooter bearings and other components.
Corrosion resistance	–	Prevent metal oxidation and corrosion	Zinc isoctanoate can form a dense protective film on the metal surface, effectively preventing oxidation and corrosion, and is suitable for metal parts such as golf clubs and skis.
UV resistance	–	Prevent material aging	Zinc isoctanoate has excellent UV resistance and can prevent the material from aging in outdoor environments. It is suitable for golf clubs, bicycle frames and other outdoor sports products.
Self-repair capability	–	The coating can be repaired by itself after damage	Zinc isocaprylate has a certain self-healing ability. Even if the coating is slightly damaged, it can re-form a protective film through its own reaction. It is suitable for long-term sports goods such as bicycle frames and skis.

Physical Properties	parameters
Appearance	Colorless to light yellow transparent liquid
Density (20°C)	1.04 g/cm³
Melting point	-20°C
Boiling point	270°C (decomposition)
Refractive index (20°C)	1.465
Solution	Easy soluble in, A, organic solvents

Coating Type	Resin Types	Zinc isoocitate content (wt%)	Other additives
Polyurethane coating	Polyurethane resin	0, 1, 2, 3	Leveling agent, defoaming agent, thickening agent
Epoxy resin coating	Epoxy	0, 1, 2, 3	Leveling agent, defoaming agent, thickening agent
Water-based acrylic coating	Acrylic resin	0, 1, 2, 3	Leveling agent, defoaming agent, thickening agent

Coating Type	Zinc isoocitate content (wt%)	Gloss retention rate (%)	Color difference ΔE	Adhesion (MPa)	Abrasion resistance (mg/1000 revolutions)
Polyurethane coating	0	65	3.2	4.5	12.5
Polyurethane coating	1	80	2.1	5.2	9.8
Polyurethane coating	2	85	1.8	5.5	8.2
Polyurethane coating	3	90	1.5	5.8	7.5
Epoxy resin coating	0	60	3.5	4.0	13.0
Epoxy resin coating	1	75	2.5	4.8	10.5
Epoxy resin coating	2	80	2.0	5.2	9.0
Epoxy resin coating	3	85	1.8	5.5	8.5
Water-based acrylic coating	0	55	4.0	3.8	14.0
Water-based acrylic coating	1	70	2.8	4.5	11.0
Water-based acrylic coating	2	75	2.5	4.8	10.0
Water-based acrylic coating	3	80	2.0	5.0	9.0

Coating Type	Zinc isoocitate content (wt%)	Gloss retention rate (%)	Color difference ΔE	Adhesion (MPa)	Abrasion resistance (mg/1000 revolutions)
Polyurethane coating	0	50	4.5	3.8	15.0
Polyurethane coating	1	65	3.0	4.5	12.0
Polyurethane coating	2	75	2.5	5.0	10.0
Polyurethane coating	3	80	2.0	5.5	9.0
Epoxy resin coating	0	45	5.0	3.5	16.0
Epoxy resin coating	1	60	3.5	4.2	13.0
Epoxy resin coating	2	70	3.0	4.8	11.0
Epoxy resin coating	3	75	2.5	5.2	10.0
Water-based acrylic coating	0	40	5.5	3.2	17.0
Water-based acrylic coating	1	55	4.0	4.0	14.0
Water-based acrylic coating	2	65	3.5	4.5	12.0
Water-based acrylic coating	3	70	3.0	5.0	11.0

Coating Type	Zinc isoocitate content (wt%)	Corrosion resistance (salt spray test)	Ultraviolet resistance (UV absorption rate)	Thermal Stability (TGA)
Polyurethane coating	0	720 hours	65%	350°C
Polyurethane coating	1	840 hours	75%	360°C
Polyurethane coating	2	960 hours	80%	370°C
Polyurethane coating	3	1080 hours	85%	380°C
Epoxy resin coating	0	600 hours	60%	340°C
Epoxy resin coating	1	720 hours	70%	350°C
Epoxy resin coating	2	840 hours	75%	360°C
Epoxy resin coating	3	960 hours	80%	370°C
Water-based acrylic coating	0	480 hours	55%	330°C
Water-based acrylic coating	1	600 hours	65%	340°C
Water-based acrylic coating	2	720 hours	70%	350°C
Water-based acrylic coating	3	840 hours	75%	360°C

parameters	value	Unit
Molecular Weight	376.74	g/mol
Density	1.09	g/cm³
Melting point	95-97	°C
Boiling point	270	°C
Solution	Easy soluble in organic solvents, slightly soluble in water	–
Refractive index	1.46	–
Color	White to light yellow	–
odor	Slight Ester Odor	–