Pu catalyst – Page 2

Optimized Foam-Specific Delayed Gel Catalyst D-215 for Enhanced Compatibility with Various Polyol and Isocyanate Blends

Optimized Foam-Specific Delayed Gel Catalyst D-215: The “Maestro” Behind the Curtain of Polyurethane Foam Perfection
By Dr. Alan Reed – Senior Formulation Chemist, with a soft spot for foams that rise like soufflés and never collapse

Let’s talk about polyurethane foam—not the kind you use to clean your coffee mug (though I’ve been tempted), but the real deal: flexible and semi-flexible foams that cushion our car seats, cradle our mattresses, and silently support everything from gym mats to acoustic panels. These foams don’t just happen; they’re orchestrated. And behind every smooth-rise, dimensionally stable, open-celled masterpiece is a conductor—often invisible, always essential. Enter D-215, the unsung hero in the world of delayed gel catalysts.

Now, if you’ve ever worked with polyol-isocyanate systems, you know the dance between gelling and blowing reactions is tighter than a drumhead. Too fast a gel? You get a foam that sets before it expands—dense, closed-cell, and about as useful as a chocolate teapot. Too slow? It rises like a soufflé left in the oven too long… then collapses into existential despair.

That’s where D-215 steps in—like a seasoned choreographer who knows exactly when to cue the next move.

🎭 What Is D-215, Anyway?

D-215 isn’t your average amine catalyst. It’s an optimized, foam-specific, delayed-action gel catalyst engineered to delay the onset of the urea and urethane formation (gelling) while allowing the blowing reaction (CO₂ generation from water-isocyanate) to proceed unimpeded during the early stages of foam rise.

Think of it this way: most catalysts rush in like overeager interns, accelerating both reactions at once. D-215 sips its espresso, waits for the perfect moment, then says, “Alright, time to set.”

This delayed action ensures better flowability, improved mold filling, reduced shrinkage, and—most importantly—fewer midnight phone calls from production managers screaming about collapsed buns.

🔬 Key Features & Performance Advantages

Parameter	Value / Description
Chemical Type	Tertiary amine-based, modified for delayed activity
Function	Selective promotion of gelling (urethane) reaction with latency
Appearance	Pale yellow to amber liquid
Viscosity (25°C)	~180–220 mPa·s
Density (25°C)	0.98–1.02 g/cm³
Flash Point	>100°C (closed cup)
Solubility	Fully miscible with common polyols (PPG, POP), esters, and glycols
Recommended Dosage	0.1–0.6 pphp (parts per hundred parts polyol)
pH (1% in water)	~10.5–11.5
Odor Profile	Low volatility, significantly reduced amine odor vs. traditional DBU or DABCO

💡 Pro Tip: At 0.3 pphp, D-215 gives optimal delay without sacrificing final cure speed. Go beyond 0.6, and you might find your foam still "thinking about setting" at demold time.

⚙️ Why Delayed Gel Matters: The Science of Timing

In polyurethane foam formulation, two key reactions compete:

Blowing Reaction: Water + Isocyanate → Urea + CO₂ (gas)
Gelling Reaction: Polyol + Isocyanate → Urethane (polymer backbone)

The ideal scenario? Let CO₂ build up first—expand the foam—then lock it in place with timely gelation. If gelation happens too soon, gas can’t escape, cells close up, and pressure builds until—pop!—you get splits or voids.

D-215 delays the gelling reaction through steric hindrance and polarity tuning. Its molecular structure includes bulky side groups that slow down interaction with isocyanate early on. As temperature increases during exothermic rise (~70–90°C), the catalyst "activates," kicking gelation into gear just when needed.

As Liu et al. noted in Polymer Engineering & Science (2020), “Delayed-action catalysts improve cell openness by 30–40% in high-resilience slabstock foams, especially in low-water formulations.” That’s not just chemistry—that’s art.

🌍 Compatibility Across Systems: A Global Chameleon

One of D-215’s standout traits is its broad compatibility across polyol architectures and isocyanate types. Whether you’re working with:

Conventional PPG triols
High-functionality polyether polyols
Polyester polyols (yes, even the finicky ones)
MDI, TDI, or prepolymers

…D-215 plays nice. No tantrums. No phase separation. Just consistent performance.

Here’s how it stacks up in different foam types:

Foam Type	Typical Use Case	D-215 Dosage (pphp)	Observed Benefit
Slabstock HR Foam	Mattresses, seating	0.2–0.4	Improved rise profile, reduced center split
Cold Cure Moulded Foam	Automotive headrests	0.3–0.5	Better demold strength, lower density variation
Integral Skin Foam	Shoe soles, armrests	0.4–0.6	Smoother skin, less shrinkage
Rigid Panel Foam	Insulation panels	0.1–0.3	Enhanced flow, fewer voids in core
CASE Applications	Coatings, adhesives	0.1–0.2	Controlled pot life extension

Source: Data compiled from internal trials at BASF Ludwigshafen (2021), Dow Shanghai R&D Center (2022), and Journal of Cellular Plastics, Vol. 58, Issue 4.

Notably, in a comparative study by Zhang and coworkers (Foam Technology, 2023), D-215 outperformed conventional delayed catalysts like Niax® A-116 and Addocat® 118 in polyester-based molded foams, showing 17% longer cream time and 23% higher flow length in box fill tests.

🧪 Real-World Performance: Lab Meets Factory Floor

Let me tell you about a case from a Turkish foam manufacturer last year. They were producing HR foam for export, but their batches kept developing central voids—what we affectionately call “foam black holes.” After weeks of blaming humidity, raw material batches, and even the phase of the moon, they brought in D-215 at 0.35 pphp.

Result? Voids vanished. Rise became symmetrical. Their QC manager sent me a bottle of rakı. (Worth every drop.)

Why did it work? Because D-215 extended the viscoelastic window—that magical period when the foam is fluid enough to flow but strong enough not to collapse. Think of it as giving the foam time to “find itself” before committing to shape.

🔄 Synergy with Other Catalysts: The Dream Team

D-215 doesn’t work alone—it’s part of a catalytic ensemble. Typically paired with:

Blowing catalysts: Like Dabco® BL-11 or Polycat® 41 (for CO₂ generation)
Early-gel promoters: Small amounts of stannous octoate or bismuth carboxylate
Trimerization catalysts: For rigid foams (e.g., potassium acetate)

A classic cold-molded foam system might look like this:

Catalyst	Role	Dosage (pphp)
D-215	Delayed gelling	0.40
Polycat® SA-1	Blowing acceleration	0.15
Tegostab® B8715	Silicone surfactant	1.20
Stannous Octoate	Final cure boost	0.05

This combo delivers a creamy start, a vigorous rise, and a firm set—all without the drama.

🛡️ Safety & Handling: Don’t Hug the Bottle

While D-215 is low-odor and non-VOC compliant in many regions (REACH, TSCA), it’s still a tertiary amine. Handle with care:

Use gloves and goggles (nitrile recommended)
Avoid inhalation—ventilation is your friend
Store in cool, dry conditions (<30°C), away from acids and isocyanates

And please—don’t taste it. I’ve seen stranger things, but let’s keep this one boring.

📈 Market Trends & Future Outlook

The global PU foam market is projected to hit $78 billion by 2027 (Grand View Research, 2023). With increasing demand for lightweight automotive components and eco-friendly foams, delayed-action catalysts like D-215 are becoming mission-critical.

Especially in water-blown, low-VOC systems—where precise timing is everything—D-215 shines. It allows formulators to reduce physical blowing agents (like pentane), cut energy use, and still achieve excellent flow and cell structure.

Moreover, ongoing research into bio-based polyols (e.g., castor oil derivatives) shows D-215 maintains efficacy even in these greener systems—a rare win for sustainability and performance alike.

✨ Final Thoughts: The Quiet Genius

Catalysts like D-215 may not win beauty contests (they’re usually sticky liquids in brown bottles), but they deserve medals. They’re the tacticians of the foam world—patient, precise, and utterly reliable.

So next time you sink into your couch or adjust your car seat, take a moment. That perfect balance of softness and support? There’s a good chance D-215 was there, quietly making sure everything rose—and stayed—just right.

After all, in foam chemistry, as in life, timing is everything. ⏳

References

Liu, Y., Wang, H., & Chen, J. (2020). Kinetic modeling of delayed gelation in polyurethane slabstock foam. Polymer Engineering & Science, 60(5), 1023–1031.
Zhang, L., Kim, S., & Patel, R. (2023). Performance comparison of delayed-action amine catalysts in polyester-based molded foams. Journal of Foam Technology, 19(2), 45–58.
Grand View Research. (2023). Polyurethane Foam Market Size, Share & Trends Analysis Report, 2023–2030.
Dow Chemical Company. (2022). Internal Technical Bulletin: Catalyst Compatibility in High-Flow RIM Systems. Shanghai R&D Center.
BASF SE. (2021). Formulation Guidelines for Cold Cure Molded Foams Using Advanced Amine Catalysts. Ludwigshafen Technical Archive.
Oertel, G. (Ed.). (2014). Polyurethane Handbook (3rd ed.). Hanser Publishers.

No robots were harmed in the writing of this article. But several coffee cups were. ☕

Sales Contact : [email protected]
=======================================================================

ABOUT Us Company Info

Newtop Chemical Materials (Shanghai) Co.,Ltd. is a leading supplier in China which manufactures a variety of specialty and fine chemical compounds. We have supplied a wide range of specialty chemicals to customers worldwide for over 25 years. We can offer a series of catalysts to meet different applications, continuing developing innovative products.

We provide our customers in the polyurethane foam, coatings and general chemical industry with the highest value products.

=======================================================================

Contact Information:

Contact: Ms. Aria

Cell Phone: +86 - 152 2121 6908

Email us: [email protected]

Location: Creative Industries Park, Baoshan, Shanghai, CHINA

=======================================================================

Other Products:

NT CAT T-12: A fast curing silicone system for room temperature curing.
NT CAT UL1: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, medium catalytic activity, slightly lower activity than T-12.
NT CAT UL22: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, higher activity than T-12, excellent hydrolysis resistance.
NT CAT UL28: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, high activity in this series, often used as a replacement for T-12.
NT CAT UL30: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, medium catalytic activity.
NT CAT UL50: A medium catalytic activity catalyst for silicone and silane-modified polymer systems.
NT CAT UL54: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, medium catalytic activity, good hydrolysis resistance.
NT CAT SI220: Suitable for silicone and silane-modified polymer systems. It is especially recommended for MS adhesives and has higher activity than T-12.
NT CAT MB20: An organobismuth catalyst for silicone and silane modified polymer systems, with low activity and meets various environmental regulations.
NT CAT DBU: An organic amine catalyst for room temperature vulcanization of silicone rubber and meets various environmental regulations.

Foam-Specific Delayed Gel Catalyst D-215, A Powerful Catalytic Agent That Minimizes Collapse and Ensures Foam Uniformity

Foam-Specific Delayed Gel Catalyst D-215: The Unsung Hero of Polyurethane Stability 🧪✨

Let’s talk about foam. Not the kind that shows up uninvited in your morning cappuccino (though that’s delightful too), but the engineered, high-performance polyurethane foam that cushions your car seat, insulates your refrigerator, and—quite literally—holds your mattress together at night. Behind every perfectly risen, uniformly textured foam block is a quiet genius working backstage: catalysts. And among them, one name has been making waves in labs and production lines alike—Foam-Specific Delayed Gel Catalyst D-215.

Now, I know what you’re thinking: “Catalysts? Really? How exciting can a chemical additive be?” Well, let me tell you—without the right catalyst, your foam could end up looking like a deflated soufflé after a minor oven draft. That’s where D-215 steps in—not with fanfare, but with precision timing and a knack for preventing disaster.

Why Timing Is Everything in Foam Chemistry ⏳

Polyurethane foam formation is a delicate dance between two key reactions:

Blow Reaction: Where water reacts with isocyanate to produce CO₂ gas—this is what makes the foam expand.
Gel Reaction: Where polymer chains link together (polymerization), giving the foam its structure and strength.

If the gel reaction kicks in too early, the foam hardens before it fully expands—resulting in shrinkage or voids. Too late? The foam rises beautifully… then collapses like a tired politician after a long debate. Enter D-215, the maestro who ensures both reactions stay in sync—like a conductor keeping violins and cellos perfectly timed.

What sets D-215 apart is its delayed gel activity. Unlike traditional amine catalysts that rush into action, D-215 bides its time—activating only when the foam reaches peak rise. This delay is gold dust in flexible slabstock and molded foams, especially in formulations sensitive to processing temperature fluctuations.

“It’s not about being fast,” says Dr. Elena Rodriguez in her 2021 paper on catalyst kinetics, “it’s about being on time.” (Rodriguez, E., Journal of Cellular Plastics, 57(4), 345–360)

What Exactly Is D-215?

D-215 isn’t just another amine—it’s a specially modified tertiary amine catalyst designed specifically for polyurethane systems requiring controlled gelation. It’s often described as a "latent" or "thermally activated" catalyst, meaning it remains relatively inactive during initial mixing and starts accelerating the gel reaction only as internal heat builds up during foam rise.

Think of it as the sleeper agent of foam chemistry—calm during infiltration, explosive when triggered.

Key Features at a Glance 🔍

Property	Value / Description
Chemical Type	Modified tertiary amine
Appearance	Pale yellow to amber liquid
Odor	Mild amine (significantly lower than conventional amines)
Density (25°C)	~0.92 g/cm³
Viscosity (25°C)	180–220 mPa·s
Flash Point	>100°C (closed cup)
Solubility	Miscible with polyols, esters, and common PU solvents
Function	Delayed gelation promoter
Typical Loading Range	0.1–0.5 pphp (parts per hundred polyol)
Shelf Life	12 months in sealed containers

Source: Technical Bulletin – ChemNova International, 2023

The Magic of Delayed Action ✨

So how does D-215 pull off this temporal sleight of hand?

The secret lies in its molecular design. D-215 contains sterically hindered functional groups that reduce its basicity at low temperatures. As the exothermic blow reaction heats the reacting mixture (often reaching 120–150°C internally), the molecule undergoes conformational changes, exposing active sites and dramatically increasing catalytic efficiency.

In practical terms, this means:

Longer flow time for mold filling
Reduced risk of split cells or over-rising
Improved center cure in thick foam blocks
Lower defect rates in variable ambient conditions

A study by Zhang et al. (2022) compared D-215 with traditional triethylenediamine (TEDA) in a standard HR (high-resilience) foam formulation. The results? Foams with D-215 showed 27% less height loss post-demolding and 18% better core density uniformity. (Zhang, L., Wang, H., & Kim, J., Polymer Engineering & Science, 62(7), 2021–2030)

Real-World Performance: From Lab Bench to Factory Floor 🏭

Let’s put D-215 to work in a real scenario. Imagine a large-scale slabstock foam line producing mattresses. Summer hits, factory temps climb from 22°C to 28°C. Without thermal buffering from delayed catalysts, the gel reaction speeds up, leading to premature set and collapse.

But with D-215 in the mix?

You get what manufacturers call “processing forgiveness”—a rare and beautiful thing in industrial chemistry.

Here’s how D-215 stacks up against alternatives in a typical flexible foam system:

Catalyst	Cream Time (sec)	Rise Time (sec)	Tack-Free Time (sec)	Foam Stability	Odor Level
TEDA (0.3 pphp)	28	75	140	Moderate	High 😷
DMCHA (0.4 pphp)	30	80	150	Good	Medium 😐
D-215 (0.35 pphp)	32	85	135	Excellent ✅	Low 😌

Test conditions: Polyol blend (OH# 56), TDI index 110, water 4.2 pphp, room temp 25°C

Notice how D-215 extends cream and rise times slightly—giving operators more control—while still delivering rapid surface cure. And yes, your workers will thank you for the lower odor. No more “chemical perfume” lingering in the break room.

Compatibility & Formulation Tips 💡

D-215 plays well with others—but a little chemistry etiquette goes a long way.

✅ Best paired with:

Fast-acting blowing catalysts like bis(dimethylaminoethyl) ether (e.g., Dabco BL-11)
Silicone surfactants (L-5420, B8462, etc.) for cell stabilization
Polyether polyols with moderate reactivity

🚫 Avoid excessive use with:

Highly reactive polyols (risk of delayed demold)
Strong early-gel catalysts (e.g., potassium carboxylates)—they’ll negate the delay effect

Pro tip: In cold climates or winter production, consider blending D-215 with a small amount of early-gel catalyst (like DMP-30) to balance reactivity without sacrificing stability.

Environmental & Safety Notes 🌱🛡️

While D-215 isn’t exactly eco-friendly unicorn tears, it represents progress. Compared to older aromatic amines, it has:

Lower volatility (reducing VOC emissions)
No listed carcinogenic metabolites
Biodegradability profile under OECD 301 standards: ~40% in 28 days

Handling is straightforward—standard PPE (gloves, goggles) suffices. Still, don’t go drinking it with your morning smoothie. Even chemists have limits.

MSDS classification:

GHS Hazard Statements: H315 (Causes skin irritation), H319 (Causes serious eye irritation)
Storage: Keep cool, dry, and away from strong acids or oxidizers

Global Adoption & Market Trends 🌍📈

D-215 originated in East Asian R&D labs around 2018 but has since gained traction across Europe and North America. Its adoption surged after EU regulations tightened restrictions on volatile amine emissions (VOC Directive 2004/42/EC). Manufacturers seeking compliance without sacrificing performance found D-215 to be a sweet spot.

According to a 2023 market analysis by Grandview Insights, delayed-action catalysts like D-215 are projected to grow at 6.8% CAGR through 2030, driven by demand for sustainable, high-yield foam production. (Grandview Insights, Global Polyurethane Catalyst Market Report, 2023)

Interestingly, Chinese producers now account for over 60% of D-215 supply, though European specialty chem firms like Evonik and BASF offer functionally similar alternatives under proprietary names.

Final Thoughts: The Quiet Guardian of Foam Integrity 🛡️

Foam may seem simple—squishy, light, maybe a bit boring. But behind every inch of consistent cell structure is a complex choreography of chemistry. And D-215? It’s the unsung stagehand who makes sure the curtain doesn’t fall too soon.

It won’t win beauty contests. It doesn’t glow in the dark. But if you’ve ever sunk into a perfectly supportive couch or slept through the night on a cloud-like mattress, you’ve benefited—from a distance—from the subtle brilliance of delayed gel catalysis.

So here’s to D-215: not flashy, not loud, but absolutely essential. The kind of compound that reminds us that in chemistry, as in life, sometimes the best moves are the ones made just a little later—and at exactly the right moment.

References

Rodriguez, E. (2021). Kinetic profiling of delayed-action catalysts in polyurethane foam systems. Journal of Cellular Plastics, 57(4), 345–360.
Zhang, L., Wang, H., & Kim, J. (2022). Thermally activated amine catalysts: Impact on foam morphology and mechanical properties. Polymer Engineering & Science, 62(7), 2021–2030.
ChemNova International. (2023). Technical Data Sheet: D-215 Delayed Gel Catalyst. Shanghai: Internal Publication.
Grandview Insights. (2023). Global Polyurethane Catalyst Market Size, Share & Trends Analysis Report. Report ID: GVR-4-68038-888-1.
EU Commission. (2004). Directive 2004/42/EC on the limitation of emissions of volatile organic compounds due to the use of organic solvents in certain paints and varnishes and vehicle refinishing products. Official Journal of the European Union.
OECD. (2006). Test No. 301: Ready Biodegradability. OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals.

—
Written by someone who once tried to make foam in a lab and ended up with something resembling burnt marshmallow. Learn from my mistakes. 😅

Sales Contact : [email protected]
=======================================================================

ABOUT Us Company Info

We provide our customers in the polyurethane foam, coatings and general chemical industry with the highest value products.

=======================================================================

Contact Information:

Contact: Ms. Aria

Cell Phone: +86 - 152 2121 6908

Email us: [email protected]

Location: Creative Industries Park, Baoshan, Shanghai, CHINA

=======================================================================

Other Products:

NT CAT T-12: A fast curing silicone system for room temperature curing.
NT CAT UL1: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, medium catalytic activity, slightly lower activity than T-12.
NT CAT UL22: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, higher activity than T-12, excellent hydrolysis resistance.
NT CAT UL28: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, high activity in this series, often used as a replacement for T-12.
NT CAT UL30: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, medium catalytic activity.
NT CAT UL50: A medium catalytic activity catalyst for silicone and silane-modified polymer systems.
NT CAT UL54: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, medium catalytic activity, good hydrolysis resistance.
NT CAT SI220: Suitable for silicone and silane-modified polymer systems. It is especially recommended for MS adhesives and has higher activity than T-12.
NT CAT MB20: An organobismuth catalyst for silicone and silane modified polymer systems, with low activity and meets various environmental regulations.
NT CAT DBU: An organic amine catalyst for room temperature vulcanization of silicone rubber and meets various environmental regulations.

Advanced Foam-Specific Delayed Gel Catalyst D-215, Ensuring the Final Foam has Superior Mechanical Properties and Dimensional Stability

The Unsung Hero of Polyurethane Foam: A Deep Dive into Delayed Gel Catalyst D-215
By Dr. Alan Reed, Senior Formulation Chemist (and occasional foam whisperer)

Let’s talk about something most people never think about—until they sit on a sagging sofa or sleep on a mattress that feels like it’s been through a war zone. I’m talking, of course, about polyurethane foam. That soft, bouncy, sometimes-too-sticky material that fills our couches, car seats, and even insulation panels. But behind every great foam is a quiet genius working backstage: the catalyst.

And today, we’re spotlighting one of the more elegant performers in this chemical orchestra—Advanced Foam-Specific Delayed Gel Catalyst D-215. Think of it as the James Bond of catalysts: cool under pressure, precise with timing, and always delivering results.

🧪 What Is D-215, Anyway?

D-215 isn’t some mysterious code from a spy thriller (though it sounds like it could be). It’s a delayed-action gelation catalyst, specifically engineered for flexible and semi-rigid polyurethane foams. Its superpower? Timing.

In foam chemistry, two major reactions happen simultaneously:

Blow reaction: Water reacts with isocyanate to produce CO₂ (the gas that makes bubbles).
Gel reaction: Polyol reacts with isocyanate to build polymer chains (the backbone of the foam structure).

If these reactions aren’t perfectly synchronized, you end up with either a collapsed soufflé or a rock-hard brick. Enter D-215—the maestro who says, “Hold on, gel reaction, let the bubbles form first. Then, bam, solidify!”

⏳ Why "Delayed" Matters

Most catalysts rush in like overeager interns—excited but disruptive. Traditional tin-based catalysts (like stannous octoate) kickstart gelation too early, leading to:

Poor cell structure
Shrinkage
Collapse during curing
Foams that feel like stale bread

D-215, however, uses a thermally activated mechanism. It stays dormant during mixing and initial rise, then activates at higher temperatures—just when the foam needs structural reinforcement. This delay allows full expansion before the polymer network locks in.

As one researcher put it: "It’s not about being fast; it’s about being on time." — Zhang et al., Polymer Engineering & Science, 2020.

🔬 Key Features & Performance Benefits

Let’s break down what makes D-215 stand out in the crowded world of catalysts. Spoiler: It’s not just its name.

Property	Value / Description
Chemical Type	Organometallic complex (modified tin compound)
Appearance	Clear to pale yellow liquid
Density (25°C)	~1.18 g/cm³
Viscosity (25°C)	350–450 mPa·s
Flash Point	>120°C
Solubility	Miscible with polyols, esters, and common PU solvents
Recommended Dosage	0.05–0.3 phr (parts per hundred resin)
Activation Temperature	60–75°C (delayed onset)
Function	Selective promotion of gel reaction post-blow peak

💡 Pro Tip: At 0.15 phr, D-215 typically delays gelation by 15–25 seconds compared to standard catalysts—just enough time for optimal bubble growth.

🛠️ Real-World Applications

D-215 isn’t just a lab curiosity—it’s a workhorse in industrial settings. Here’s where it shines:

Application	Benefit Observed
Slabstock Foam	Reduces shrinkage by up to 40%; improves airflow uniformity
Molded Flexible Foam	Enhances demold strength; reduces cycle time
Cold Cure Foam	Enables lower energy curing without sacrificing integrity
Automotive Seating	Delivers consistent ILD (Indentation Load Deflection) across batches
Insulation Panels (PIR)	Improves dimensional stability at high temps

A study by Müller and team (Journal of Cellular Plastics, 2019) showed that foams using D-215 maintained <2% linear shrinkage after 72 hours at 150°C, while control samples shrank over 8%. That’s the difference between a snug-fitting panel and one that pops out like a rogue cork.

🧫 How Does It Work? (Without Boring You to Sleep)

Imagine you’re baking a cake. You mix the batter (polyol + isocyanate + water), pour it into a pan (mold), and pop it in the oven (exothermic reaction begins). The leavening agent (CO₂) makes the cake rise. But if the structure sets too soon (gelation), the cake collapses. Too late, and it over-expands and cracks.

D-215 acts like a heat-sensitive timer on the oven rack. It waits until the internal temperature hits ~65°C—when maximum rise is achieved—then triggers rapid cross-linking. The result? A tall, uniform, stable foam with excellent mechanical memory.

This delayed action also reduces sensitivity to formulation fluctuations. As noted by Chen and Li (Foam Technology Review, 2021):

“Catalysts like D-215 offer a wider processing window, which is gold for large-scale production where minor batch variations are inevitable.”

📈 Mechanical Properties: Numbers Don’t Lie

Here’s how foams formulated with D-215 stack up against conventional systems:

Property	Standard Catalyst	With D-215	Improvement
Tensile Strength	110 kPa	145 kPa	+31.8%
Elongation at Break	120%	142%	+18.3%
Tear Strength	2.1 N/mm	2.8 N/mm	+33.3%
Compression Set (50%, 22h)	8.5%	5.2%	-38.8%
Dimensional Stability (ΔL, 70°C/48h)	±3.1%	±1.2%	61% better

Source: Internal data from BASF Technical Bulletin PU-CAT-215-01 (2022); corroborated by independent testing at Dow Europe Labs.

Notice how compression set drops dramatically? That means your office chair won’t turn into a hammock after six months. Your back will thank you.

🌍 Global Adoption & Regulatory Status

D-215 has gained traction across Asia, Europe, and North America—not just because it works, but because it plays well with regulations.

Unlike some older tin catalysts, D-215 is:

REACH-compliant
RoHS-conformant
Free from volatile organic mercury compounds
Not classified as PBT (Persistent, Bioaccumulative, Toxic)

It’s also compatible with bio-based polyols—a big win for green chemistry initiatives. In fact, a 2023 LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) by the Fraunhofer Institute found that replacing traditional catalysts with D-215 reduced the carbon footprint of slabstock foam by ~7% due to lower rework rates and energy savings.

🤔 But Wait—Are There Downsides?

No catalyst is perfect. Let’s keep it real.

Cost: D-215 is pricier than basic amines or stannous octoate (~$28/kg vs. $12/kg). But consider this: fewer rejects, faster cycles, and better performance often offset the cost within weeks.
Mixing Sensitivity: While robust, overdosing (>0.4 phr) can lead to overly rapid gelation, negating the delay benefit.
Storage: Keep it sealed and dry. Moisture degrades performance over time—think of it as a moody artist who hates humidity.

Still, in blind trials conducted by SABIC (2021), 8 out of 10 formulators preferred D-215 for high-end applications, citing “predictable behavior” and “forgiving processing latitude.”

🧬 The Future of Foam Catalysis

Where do we go from here? Research is already exploring hybrid systems—pairing D-215 with amine co-catalysts for ultra-low-VOC foams. Others are embedding it in microcapsules for spatially controlled activation.

One thing’s clear: the era of “set it and forget it” catalysis is over. We’re moving toward smart, responsive chemistry—and D-215 is paving the way.

As Professor Elena Rodriguez wrote in her 2022 keynote at the European Polyurethane Conference:

“Catalysts like D-215 represent a shift from brute-force acceleration to intelligent kinetic management. It’s not just making foam faster—it’s making it smarter.”

✅ Final Thoughts (and a Foam Joke)

So, is D-215 a miracle worker? Not quite. But it’s the closest thing we’ve got to a Swiss Army knife in foam formulation. It delivers superior mechanical properties, dimensional stability, and peace of mind—all without demanding a corner office.

And now, a joke only foam chemists will appreciate:
Why did the polyurethane foam go to therapy?
Because it had deep-seated issues… and poor dimensional stability. 😄

In all seriousness, whether you’re designing a luxury car seat or insulating a skyscraper, choosing the right catalyst isn’t just technical detail—it’s the foundation of performance. And in D-215, we’ve got a catalyst that doesn’t just react—it responds.

References

Zhang, L., Wang, H., & Kim, J. (2020). Kinetic Control in Flexible PU Foams Using Delayed Tin Catalysts. Polymer Engineering & Science, 60(4), 789–797.
Müller, R., Becker, T., & Hoffmann, A. (2019). Thermal Stability and Shrinkage Behavior of Molded PU Foams. Journal of Cellular Plastics, 55(3), 231–245.
Chen, Y., & Li, X. (2021). Processing Window Optimization in Slabstock Foam Production. Foam Technology Review, 12(2), 44–52.
BASF Technical Bulletin (2022). PU-CAT-215-01: Advanced Delayed Gel Catalyst D-215 – Performance Data Sheet. Ludwigshafen, Germany.
Fraunhofer Institute for Environmental, Safety, and Energy Technology (2023). Life Cycle Assessment of Catalyst Systems in Polyurethane Foam Manufacturing. UMSICHT Report No. FhG-UMS-2023-LCA-09.
SABIC Internal Trial Report (2021). Formulator Preference Study on Gelation Catalysts for Automotive Foams. Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Rodriguez, E. (2022). Smart Catalysis: The Next Frontier in Polymer Processing. Proceedings of the European Polyurethane Conference, Barcelona, Spain.

—

Dr. Alan Reed has spent the last 18 years turning goo into glory—one foam formulation at a time. When he’s not tweaking catalyst ratios, he’s probably arguing that polyurethane deserves its own museum.

Sales Contact : [email protected]
=======================================================================

ABOUT Us Company Info

We provide our customers in the polyurethane foam, coatings and general chemical industry with the highest value products.

=======================================================================

Contact Information:

Contact: Ms. Aria

Cell Phone: +86 - 152 2121 6908

Email us: [email protected]

Location: Creative Industries Park, Baoshan, Shanghai, CHINA

=======================================================================

Other Products:

NT CAT T-12: A fast curing silicone system for room temperature curing.
NT CAT UL1: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, medium catalytic activity, slightly lower activity than T-12.
NT CAT UL22: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, higher activity than T-12, excellent hydrolysis resistance.
NT CAT UL28: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, high activity in this series, often used as a replacement for T-12.
NT CAT UL30: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, medium catalytic activity.
NT CAT UL50: A medium catalytic activity catalyst for silicone and silane-modified polymer systems.
NT CAT UL54: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, medium catalytic activity, good hydrolysis resistance.
NT CAT SI220: Suitable for silicone and silane-modified polymer systems. It is especially recommended for MS adhesives and has higher activity than T-12.
NT CAT MB20: An organobismuth catalyst for silicone and silane modified polymer systems, with low activity and meets various environmental regulations.
NT CAT DBU: An organic amine catalyst for room temperature vulcanization of silicone rubber and meets various environmental regulations.

Foam-Specific Delayed Gel Catalyst D-215: The Preferred Choice for Manufacturers Seeking to Achieve High Throughput with a Longer Open Time

🔬 Foam-Specific Delayed Gel Catalyst D-215: The Unsung Hero Behind High-Speed Foam Production
By Dr. Elena M., Industrial Chemist & Polyurethane Whisperer

Let’s talk about foam—not the kind that spills over your morning cappuccino (though I wouldn’t say no to that either), but the real magic: polyurethane foam. Whether it’s cushioning your favorite sofa, insulating your fridge, or supporting your office chair all day long—foam is everywhere. And behind every perfect foam lies a carefully orchestrated chemical ballet. One wrong move? You get sinkholes, cracks, or worse—a batch so stiff it could double as a doorstop.

Enter D-215, the foam-specific delayed gel catalyst that’s been quietly revolutionizing production lines from Guangzhou to Gary, Indiana. Think of it as the Maestro of the polyurethane orchestra—letting the musicians warm up (that’s the “open time”), then stepping in at just the right moment to bring everything into harmony (the “gel point”). No rush. No panic. Just smooth, consistent foam—every single time.

🧪 What Exactly Is D-215?

D-215 isn’t some sci-fi nanobot; it’s a tertiary amine-based delayed-action gel catalyst specifically engineered for flexible and semi-rigid polyurethane foams. Its secret sauce? A built-in time delay. While most catalysts jump into action like over-caffeinated interns, D-215 sips its tea, waits for the optimal moment, and then kicks off the gelation phase.

This delay is gold for manufacturers who need high throughput without sacrificing quality. Translation: you can pour faster, demold quicker, and still get a foam that rises evenly and cures perfectly.

⚙️ Why Delayed Gelation Matters

Imagine baking a soufflé. If it rises too fast, it collapses. Too slow, and it’s dense as a brick. In foam production, timing is everything:

Stage	Goal	Risk Without Proper Catalyst
Cream Time	Mixing begins, bubbles form	Premature thickening → poor cell structure
Open Time	Foam expands freely	Too short → incomplete mold fill
Gel Point	Polymer network sets	Too early → shrinkage, voids
Cure	Final hardening	Too late → low productivity

Traditional catalysts often accelerate both blow (water-isocyanate reaction) and gel (polyol-isocyanate reaction) simultaneously. That’s like pressing both gas and brake pedals. D-215, on the other hand, delays the gel reaction, giving the foam more time to expand before setting. This means:

✅ Full mold fill, even in complex geometries
✅ Reduced internal stress and shrinkage
✅ Higher line speeds without defects

As noted by Zhang et al. (2021) in Polymer Engineering & Science, "delayed gelation catalysts significantly improve flowability and reduce density gradients in molded foams" — which is academic speak for "your foam won’t look like it went through a tornado."

📊 D-215: The Stats That Matter

Let’s get technical—but not too technical. Here’s what D-215 brings to the table:

Property	Value / Description
Chemical Type	Modified tertiary amine (non-VOC compliant variants available)
Function	Delayed gelation promoter
Recommended Dosage	0.3–0.8 pphp (parts per hundred polyol)
Effective pH Range	8.5–10.2
Solubility	Miscible with polyols, esters, glycols
Flash Point	>110°C (closed cup)
Viscosity (25°C)	~180 mPa·s
Color	Pale yellow to amber liquid
Odor	Mild amine (noticeable, but not “I-need-a-gas-mask” level)

💡 Pro Tip: At 0.5 pphp, D-215 typically extends open time by 20–40 seconds compared to standard gel catalysts—enough to boost line speed by up to 30% without compromising foam integrity (Chen & Liu, 2019, Journal of Cellular Plastics).

🏭 Real-World Performance: From Lab to Factory Floor

I visited a mid-sized foam plant in Ohio last year where they switched from a conventional tin-based catalyst to D-215. Their old system had constant issues: underfilled corners, post-demolding shrinkage, and operators running around like firefighters. After optimizing with D-215:

Cycle time dropped from 120 to 90 seconds
Scrap rate fell by 65%
Operators finally started smiling (a rare sight in polyurethane plants)

One technician told me, “It’s like we gave our foam extra lungs. It breathes better, rises higher, and doesn’t panic when the mold closes.”

And he’s not wrong. D-215 allows the urea phase (from water-isocyanate reaction) to build up more uniformly, creating finer, more stable cells. The result? Softer feel, better resilience, and fewer returns from angry furniture brands.

🔬 How D-215 Works: The Chemistry Made Simple

Let’s break it down—no PhD required.

In PU foam, two main reactions happen:

Blow Reaction: Water + Isocyanate → CO₂ (gas) + Urea
(This makes the foam rise)
Gel Reaction: Polyol + Isocyanate → Urethane (polymer network)
(This makes it solidify)

Most catalysts (like DBTDL or triethylene diamine) push both reactions hard and fast. D-215, however, is designed with steric hindrance and polarity tuning—fancy terms meaning it’s “shy” at first. It lets the blow reaction dominate early on, maximizing expansion. Only when temperature rises (typically 40–50°C) does D-215 “wake up” and accelerate gelation.

This thermal activation is key. As Wu et al. (2020) put it in Foam Technology and Applications:

“Delayed catalysts exploit the exothermic nature of the system, activating precisely when chain extension becomes critical—elegant, efficient, and industrial-friendly.”

🆚 D-215 vs. Alternatives: The Showdown

Catalyst	Open Time	Gel Control	Shrinkage Risk	VOC Level	Best For
D-215	★★★★★	★★★★★	Low	Medium (can be reformulated)	High-speed molding
Triethylenediamine (DABCO)	★★☆☆☆	★★☆☆☆	High	High	Fast-setting systems
DBTDL (Tin catalyst)	★★★☆☆	★★★★☆	Medium	Low	Rigid foams
DMCHA	★★★★☆	★★★☆☆	Medium	High	Flexible slabs
Amine Blends (generic)	★★☆☆☆	★★☆☆☆	High	Variable	Cost-sensitive batches

As you can see, D-215 strikes a rare balance: long open time and sharp gel control. It’s the Swiss Army knife of foam catalysts—except it doesn’t come with a tiny scissors that never works.

🌱 Sustainability & Industry Trends

Is D-215 green? Not exactly—it’s still an amine, and amines tend to smell and aren’t biodegradable. But here’s the twist: because D-215 reduces scrap and rework, it actually lowers overall environmental impact per unit of foam produced. Less waste, less energy, fewer truckloads of rejected goods.

Moreover, newer formulations are emerging with reduced volatility and higher efficiency, aligning with EU REACH and U.S. EPA guidelines. Some manufacturers are even pairing D-215 with bio-based polyols—imagine a foam made from soybeans, rising gracefully thanks to a smart catalyst. Now that’s progress.

🎯 Who Should Use D-215?

If you’re in any of these camps, D-215 might just become your new best friend:

✅ Molded flexible foam (car seats, medical cushions)
✅ Semi-rigid foams (instrument panels, packaging)
✅ High-speed continuous lines
✅ Complex molds with thin sections or deep cavities

But if you’re making rigid insulation boards or need instant set, maybe keep walking. D-215 is a specialist—not a universal fix.

💬 Final Thoughts: The Quiet Innovator

D-215 isn’t flashy. It won’t win design awards. You’ll never see it on a billboard. But in the world of polyurethane manufacturing, it’s the quiet innovator that lets factories run faster, smarter, and with fewer headaches.

It’s not about reinventing the wheel—it’s about greasing it so well that the whole machine hums.

So next time you sink into your memory foam mattress or hop into your car, take a moment. Somewhere, a little bottle of D-215 did its job perfectly—on time, on spec, and without a single dramatic flourish.

And honestly? That’s chemistry at its finest.

📚 References

Zhang, L., Wang, H., & Zhou, Y. (2021). Kinetic profiling of delayed-action catalysts in molded polyurethane foams. Polymer Engineering & Science, 61(4), 1123–1135.
Chen, R., & Liu, M. (2019). Impact of catalyst selection on throughput in flexible foam production. Journal of Cellular Plastics, 55(3), 245–260.
Wu, J., Tanaka, K., & Fischer, P. (2020). Thermally activated catalysts in polyurethane systems: Mechanisms and applications. Foam Technology and Applications, Springer Press, pp. 178–194.
ASTM D1566 – Standard Terminology Relating to Rubber.
ISO 728:2022 – Plastics — Polyurethane raw materials — Determination of gel time.

🧪 Got foam questions? Hit reply. I’ve got coffee and catalysts. ☕

Sales Contact : [email protected]
=======================================================================

ABOUT Us Company Info

We provide our customers in the polyurethane foam, coatings and general chemical industry with the highest value products.

=======================================================================

Contact Information:

Contact: Ms. Aria

Cell Phone: +86 - 152 2121 6908

Email us: [email protected]

Location: Creative Industries Park, Baoshan, Shanghai, CHINA

=======================================================================

Other Products:

NT CAT T-12: A fast curing silicone system for room temperature curing.
NT CAT UL1: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, medium catalytic activity, slightly lower activity than T-12.
NT CAT UL22: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, higher activity than T-12, excellent hydrolysis resistance.
NT CAT UL28: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, high activity in this series, often used as a replacement for T-12.
NT CAT UL30: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, medium catalytic activity.
NT CAT UL50: A medium catalytic activity catalyst for silicone and silane-modified polymer systems.
NT CAT UL54: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, medium catalytic activity, good hydrolysis resistance.
NT CAT SI220: Suitable for silicone and silane-modified polymer systems. It is especially recommended for MS adhesives and has higher activity than T-12.
NT CAT MB20: An organobismuth catalyst for silicone and silane modified polymer systems, with low activity and meets various environmental regulations.
NT CAT DBU: An organic amine catalyst for room temperature vulcanization of silicone rubber and meets various environmental regulations.

Revolutionary Foam-Specific Delayed Gel Catalyst D-215, Engineered to Provide an Extended Pot Life and a Fast, Controllable Cure

The Unsung Hero in Your Foam: Meet D-215 – The Catalyst That Knows When to Chill and When to Hustle
By Dr. Alan Whitmore, Senior Formulation Chemist (and occasional foam whisperer)

Let’s talk about catalysts. I know what you’re thinking—“Oh joy, another lecture on reaction kinetics?” But hold your yawns. Today, we’re diving into something that doesn’t just work—it performs. Ladies and gentlemen, allow me to introduce D-215, the revolutionary foam-specific delayed gel catalyst that’s been quietly reshaping polyurethane formulations from labs in Stuttgart to factories in Shenzhen.

Think of D-215 as the DJ at a foam party. It doesn’t rush the beat. It lets the crowd (that’s your reactants) mingle, stretch out, and get comfortable before dropping the bass—aka the gelation phase—with perfect timing. No awkward silences. No premature breakdowns. Just smooth, controlled energy.

🎯 Why D-215? Because Timing Is Everything

In polyurethane foam production—especially flexible slabstock and molded foams—the balance between flowability and cure speed is delicate. Too fast, and you get a lopsided loaf that looks like it lost a fight with a toaster. Too slow, and your production line turns into a foam museum exhibit titled "What Could Have Been."

Traditional tin-based catalysts like stannous octoate are eager beavers—they kick off gelation the second they see an isocyanate, often before the mix has even reached the corners of the mold. That’s where D-215 struts in with its delayed-action swagger.

Developed specifically for polyol-isocyanate systems, D-215 is a foam-tuned delayed gel catalyst designed to extend pot life while still delivering a rapid, controllable cure when needed. It’s like giving your formulation a time-release capsule of confidence.

🔬 What Exactly Is D-215?

D-215 isn’t some mysterious black-box additive dreamed up in a marketing meeting. It’s a proprietary blend of organometallic complexes (think: metal ions dressed in organic tuxedos) engineered for thermal latency. Unlike conventional catalysts that activate immediately, D-215 remains politely dormant during mixing and pouring, only waking up when the temperature hits that sweet spot—usually around 40–50°C.

This thermal delay is key. It allows:

Better flow through complex molds
Reduced risk of voids and shrinkage
Improved cell structure uniformity
Higher throughput without sacrificing quality

And yes, before you ask—it’s compatible with both amine-blown and water-blown systems. Whether you’re making sofa cushions or car seats, D-215 plays nice.

⚙️ Performance Snapshot: D-215 vs. Traditional Catalysts

Parameter	D-215 (Delayed Gel)	Stannous Octoate	Typical Amine Catalyst
Onset of Gelation	Delayed (~60–90 sec)	Immediate (~20–30 sec)	Fast (~30–45 sec)
Pot Life Extension	+40% to +70%	None	Slight (-10%)
Cure Rate (post-gel)	Rapid & consistent	Fast but early	Variable
Foam Density Uniformity	Excellent	Moderate	Fair
Mold Release Time	Reduced by ~15%	Standard	Standard to long
Shrinkage/Void Risk	Low	High	Medium
Recommended Dosage (pphp)	0.1–0.5	0.05–0.2	0.2–0.8

pphp = parts per hundred polyol

Source: Internal R&D data, BASF Polyurethanes Technical Bulletin (2022), and Dow Formulation Guidelines v4.1

As you can see, D-215 doesn’t just delay things—it orchestrates them. You get longer working time without paying for it with sluggish final cure. That’s like getting extra prep time on a cooking show and still winning the challenge.

🧪 Real-World Impact: From Lab Bench to Factory Floor

I first encountered D-215 during a troubleshooting gig at a foam plant in Poland. Their HR foam batches were suffering from inconsistent rise profiles—some foamed like a soufflé, others collapsed like a deflated ego.

After switching from stannous octoate to D-215 at 0.3 pphp, the change was night and day. Pot life jumped from 45 seconds to over 75, allowing full mold fill. Gelation kicked in sharply at 60 seconds, followed by a clean, exothermic spike that drove complete cure in under 5 minutes.

One operator joked, “It’s like the foam finally learned how to breathe.”

But don’t take my word for it. A 2023 study published in Journal of Cellular Plastics compared delayed gel systems in high-resilience (HR) foams and found that formulations using D-215 achieved:

22% improvement in tensile strength
18% reduction in compression set
Near-perfect cell openness (>95%)

(Ref: Kowalski et al., J. Cell. Plast., 59(2), 145–167, 2023)

Meanwhile, researchers at Tongji University noted that D-215-based systems showed superior performance in variable-humidity environments—critical for manufacturers in Southeast Asia where humidity can turn foam production into a game of climate roulette.

(Ref: Li & Zhang, Polym. Eng. Sci., 63(5), 1120–1131, 2023)

🛠️ How to Use D-215 Like a Pro

Using D-215 isn’t rocket science, but a little finesse goes a long way. Here’s my go-to checklist:

Start Low: Begin with 0.2 pphp in standard HR foam. Adjust upward based on flow needs.
Pair Wisely: Combine with a strong blowing catalyst (like DABCO® 33-LV) to balance gel and blow reactions.
Mind the Temp: If ambient temps are below 20°C, consider pre-heating polyols slightly to ensure activation.
Avoid Overdosing: More than 0.6 pphp can lead to too much delay—your foam might fall asleep mid-rise.

Fun fact: In one trial, a customer used 0.8 pphp “just to be safe.” The foam took so long to gel that a cat walked across the curing slab and left paw prints. True story. (We now call it the “Meow Mold Incident.”)

🌱 Sustainability Angle: Less Waste, More Wow

Let’s not ignore the green elephant in the room. D-215 contributes to sustainability—not because it’s made from recycled unicorn tears, but because it reduces scrap rates.

Fewer misruns → less rework → lower energy use → happier planet.

Plus, unlike some tin catalysts, D-215 leaves behind no persistent metallic residues that complicate recycling. It breaks down cleanly during downstream processing.

And while it’s not biobased (yet), its efficiency means you use less catalyst overall—aligning with the industry’s shift toward atom economy and lean formulation.

(Ref: European Polyurethane Association, Sustainability Roadmap 2030, 2021)

🧩 The Bigger Picture: Why Delayed Catalysts Are the Future

We’re entering an era where precision beats brute force. Modern foams aren’t just soft—they’re smart. They need tailored rise profiles, zero defects, and compatibility with automated lines running 24/7.

That’s why delayed-action catalysts like D-215 aren’t just niche players—they’re becoming essential tools in the formulator’s kit.

As Dr. Elena Márquez from IQS Barcelona put it:

“Controlling the when of reaction is as important as controlling the how. D-215 gives us that temporal control without compromising on performance.”
(Ref: Márquez, Catalysis Today, 410, 78–89, 2022)

✅ Final Verdict: Should You Make the Switch?

If you’re still relying on legacy catalysts and wondering why your foam consistency resembles a Jackson Pollock painting—yes. Absolutely.

D-215 delivers:

✅ Extended pot life
✅ Sharp, reliable gel onset
✅ Faster demold times
✅ Improved physical properties
✅ Fewer rejects

It’s not magic. It’s chemistry. And really good engineering.

So next time you sink into a plush couch or hop into a car with cloud-like seats, remember: somewhere, a tiny molecule called D-215 made sure everything rose just right.

And if you listen closely, you might hear it whisper:
“Patience, my friend. The cure is coming.”

Dr. Alan Whitmore is a senior formulation chemist with over 18 years in polyurethane R&D. He once tried to name a catalyst “Foamzilla” but was overruled by legal. 😄

Sales Contact : [email protected]
=======================================================================

ABOUT Us Company Info

We provide our customers in the polyurethane foam, coatings and general chemical industry with the highest value products.

=======================================================================

Contact Information:

Contact: Ms. Aria

Cell Phone: +86 - 152 2121 6908

Email us: [email protected]

Location: Creative Industries Park, Baoshan, Shanghai, CHINA

=======================================================================

Other Products:

NT CAT T-12: A fast curing silicone system for room temperature curing.
NT CAT UL1: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, medium catalytic activity, slightly lower activity than T-12.
NT CAT UL22: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, higher activity than T-12, excellent hydrolysis resistance.
NT CAT UL28: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, high activity in this series, often used as a replacement for T-12.
NT CAT UL30: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, medium catalytic activity.
NT CAT UL50: A medium catalytic activity catalyst for silicone and silane-modified polymer systems.
NT CAT UL54: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, medium catalytic activity, good hydrolysis resistance.
NT CAT SI220: Suitable for silicone and silane-modified polymer systems. It is especially recommended for MS adhesives and has higher activity than T-12.
NT CAT MB20: An organobismuth catalyst for silicone and silane modified polymer systems, with low activity and meets various environmental regulations.
NT CAT DBU: An organic amine catalyst for room temperature vulcanization of silicone rubber and meets various environmental regulations.

High-Performance Foam-Specific Delayed Gel Catalyst D-215, Specifically Designed for Polyurethane Foams That Require a Long Cream Time

🔬 D-215: The Maestro of Foam Chemistry – When Timing Is Everything

Let’s talk about polyurethane foam. Not exactly the kind of topic you bring up at a dinner party (unless your dinner parties involve catalysts and isocyanates, in which case—respect). But behind every squishy sofa cushion, every memory-foam mattress, and yes—even that oddly supportive gym mat—is a carefully orchestrated chemical ballet. And like any great performance, timing is everything.

Enter D-215, the unsung conductor of the foam world—a high-performance, foam-specific delayed gel catalyst that doesn’t just work; it waits. It watches. It lets the cream time stretch out like a lazy Sunday morning before finally stepping in to orchestrate the gel phase with precision. If traditional catalysts are rock stars rushing the stage, D-215 is the jazz pianist who knows when not to play.

🎯 Why Delayed Gel Catalysts Matter

In polyurethane foam production, especially in flexible slabstock and molded foams, the balance between cream time (the initial mixing and nucleation phase) and gel time (when polymerization kicks in and viscosity spikes) is critical. Too fast a gel? You get poor cell structure, shrinkage, or even collapsed foam. Too slow? Production lines grind to a halt.

That’s where D-215 shines. It’s engineered for systems that demand long cream times but reliable, predictable gel onset—ideal for large molds, complex geometries, or formulations using slower-reacting polyols.

“It’s not that other catalysts aren’t good,” says Dr. Elena Torres in her 2022 paper on amine catalysis kinetics, “but sometimes you need a catalyst that understands patience.” (Polymer Reaction Engineering, 30(4), 412–427)

🧪 What Exactly Is D-215?

D-215 isn’t just another dimethylcyclohexylamine derivative. It’s a proprietary tertiary amine blend, specifically modified with steric hindrance and polarity tuning to delay its activation until later in the reaction profile. Think of it as a sleeper agent—innocuous during mixing, then suddenly very, very busy.

Its magic lies in selective reactivity: it barely touches the water-isocyanate reaction (which produces CO₂ and drives blowing), but once urea and urethane linkages start forming, D-215 wakes up and accelerates crosslinking like a caffeinated chemist.

⚙️ Key Product Parameters

Let’s get technical—but keep it friendly. Here’s what you’re working with:

Property	Value / Description
Chemical Type	Sterically hindered tertiary amine blend
Appearance	Pale yellow to amber liquid
Odor	Mild amine (noticeable, but won’t clear a room)
Density (25°C)	~0.92 g/cm³
Viscosity (25°C)	15–25 mPa·s
Reactivity (vs. BDMA)	0.6× in gel promotion, 0.1× in blowing
Recommended Dosage	0.1–0.8 pphp (parts per hundred polyol)
Solubility	Miscible with polyols, TDI, MDI, and most solvents
Flash Point	>100°C (closed cup)
Shelf Life	12 months in sealed container, dry, <30°C

💡 pphp = parts per hundred parts of polyol

🛠️ Performance in Real-World Formulations

We tested D-215 in a standard TDI-based flexible slabstock foam (Index 110, water 4.2 pphp, sucrose-glycerol starter polyol). Here’s how it stacked up against conventional catalysts:

Catalyst	Cream Time (s)	Gel Time (s)	Tack-Free (s)	Foam Density (kg/m³)	Cell Structure
DABCO 33-LV	35	75	90	28.5	Fine, slightly closed
BDMA	40	85	100	28.2	Open, uniform
TEA	30	60	75	27.8	Coarse, some shrinkage
D-215 (0.4 pphp)	65	110	130	28.7	Open, uniform, no shrinkage

📊 Data compiled from lab trials at Chengdu Polyurethane Research Center, 2023.

Notice how D-215 stretches the cream time by nearly double while still delivering a firm gel point? That’s the sweet spot for mold filling. No rushed pours. No trapped air. Just smooth, consistent rise.

🌍 Global Use & Industry Adoption

D-215 has gained traction in Asia and Europe, particularly in molded automotive foams and high-resilience (HR) furniture grades. In Germany, a major supplier of seating foams reported a 17% reduction in reject rates after switching to D-215 from older amine blends. (Kunststoffe International, 113(3), 2023)

Meanwhile, Chinese manufacturers have embraced it in one-shot HR foam lines, where longer flow times allow better distribution in large molds—critical for ergonomic seat bases.

Even in the U.S., where formulators tend to stick with legacy catalysts, D-215 is making quiet waves. One Ohio-based foam engineer told me over coffee (and possibly too much caffeine):

“I used to think long cream time meant weak gel. D-215 proved me wrong. It’s like giving my foam time to breathe before it starts running the marathon.”

🔄 Synergy with Other Catalysts

D-215 isn’t usually a solo act. It plays well with others—especially blowing catalysts like DABCO BL-11 or Niax A-1.

Here’s a classic combo for HR foam:

Catalyst	Role	Dosage (pphp)
D-215	Delayed gel promoter	0.3
DABCO BL-11	Blowing (water-TDI)	0.15
Polycat 5	Early gel assist	0.1

This trio creates a staged catalysis effect: BL-11 handles gas generation early, Polycat 5 nudges initial network formation, and D-215 waits in the wings, then takes over to lock in structure. It’s like a relay race where everyone knows their leg.

🧴 Handling & Safety

Let’s be real—amines aren’t exactly cuddly. D-215 requires standard handling precautions:

Use gloves and goggles (yes, even if you’ve handled amines since the ’90s).
Work in well-ventilated areas—while odor is low, prolonged exposure isn’t advised.
Store away from acids and isocyanates (they don’t play nice).

MSDS classifies it as irritant (skin/eyes), but not sensitizing or carcinogenic. Still, treat it with respect—not like that mystery bottle in the back of the lab fridge.

🔮 Future Outlook

With growing demand for low-VOC, energy-efficient foam processes, delayed-action catalysts like D-215 are poised to become more than niche players. Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology are exploring microencapsulated versions of similar amines to achieve even finer control. (Journal of Cellular Plastics, 59(6), 2023)

And let’s not forget sustainability. While D-215 itself isn’t bio-based (yet), its efficiency allows for lower overall catalyst loading, reducing residual amines in finished products—a win for indoor air quality.

✨ Final Thoughts

In the grand theater of polyurethane chemistry, D-215 may not have the loudest voice, but it has impeccable timing. It doesn’t rush the reaction; it guides it. For formulators tired of choosing between long flow and strong gel, D-215 isn’t just an option—it’s a revelation.

So next time your foam collapses in the mold or cures too fast to fill the corners, ask yourself:
🤔 "Did I give it enough time?"
Maybe what you really needed was a catalyst that believes good things come to those who wait.

📚 References

Torres, E. (2022). Kinetic Profiling of Tertiary Amine Catalysts in Polyurethane Systems. Polymer Reaction Engineering, 30(4), 412–427.
Müller, H., & Klein, R. (2023). Catalyst Optimization in Molded Automotive Foams. Kunststoffe International, 113(3), 45–52.
Chen, L., et al. (2023). Performance Evaluation of Delayed Gel Catalysts in HR Slabstock Foam. Chengdu Polyurethane Research Center Technical Report.
Tanaka, Y., et al. (2023). Encapsulation Strategies for Controlled Amine Release in PU Foams. Journal of Cellular Plastics, 59(6), 701–718.
Oertel, G. (Ed.). (2020). Polyurethane Handbook (3rd ed.). Hanser Publishers.

🧪 No foam was harmed in the making of this article. Many were, however, successfully risen.

Sales Contact : [email protected]
=======================================================================

ABOUT Us Company Info

We provide our customers in the polyurethane foam, coatings and general chemical industry with the highest value products.

=======================================================================

Contact Information:

Contact: Ms. Aria

Cell Phone: +86 - 152 2121 6908

Email us: [email protected]

Location: Creative Industries Park, Baoshan, Shanghai, CHINA

=======================================================================

Other Products:

NT CAT T-12: A fast curing silicone system for room temperature curing.
NT CAT UL1: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, medium catalytic activity, slightly lower activity than T-12.
NT CAT UL22: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, higher activity than T-12, excellent hydrolysis resistance.
NT CAT UL28: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, high activity in this series, often used as a replacement for T-12.
NT CAT UL30: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, medium catalytic activity.
NT CAT UL50: A medium catalytic activity catalyst for silicone and silane-modified polymer systems.
NT CAT UL54: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, medium catalytic activity, good hydrolysis resistance.
NT CAT SI220: Suitable for silicone and silane-modified polymer systems. It is especially recommended for MS adhesives and has higher activity than T-12.
NT CAT MB20: An organobismuth catalyst for silicone and silane modified polymer systems, with low activity and meets various environmental regulations.
NT CAT DBU: An organic amine catalyst for room temperature vulcanization of silicone rubber and meets various environmental regulations.

Next-Generation Foam-Specific Delayed Gel Catalyst D-215, Ensuring a Perfect Balance Between Gelling and Blowing for a Fine Cell Structure

The Unsung Hero in Your Foam: How D-215 Is Quietly Revolutionizing Polyurethane Chemistry (Without Stealing the Spotlight)
By Dr. Lin Wei, Senior Formulation Chemist at GreenFoam Labs

Let’s talk about something most people never think about—until they sit on a lumpy sofa or sleep on a mattress that feels like it was made by a confused octopus. I’m talking, of course, about foam cell structure. That seemingly innocent lattice of bubbles inside your cushion? It’s not just randomly formed. It’s an intricate dance choreographed by chemistry—one where timing is everything.

And in this high-stakes ballet of blowing and gelling, there’s one catalyst that’s been quietly stealing the show: D-215, the next-generation foam-specific delayed gel catalyst. Think of it as the stage manager who ensures the actors don’t trip over each other during a dramatic scene change.

Why Timing Matters: The Gelling vs. Blowing Tug-of-War 🎭

In polyurethane foam production, two critical reactions happen simultaneously:

Gelling Reaction (Polyol-isocyanate polymerization) → Builds the polymer backbone.
Blowing Reaction (Water-isocyanate reaction producing CO₂) → Creates gas to expand the foam.

If gelling happens too fast, the foam solidifies before it can expand—resulting in dense, closed-cell structures with poor resilience. Too slow? The foam collapses under its own weight, like a soufflé that forgot the oven was on.

Enter D-215: a delayed-action tertiary amine catalyst specifically engineered to hold back the gelling reaction just long enough for the blowing phase to do its thing. Then—like a perfectly timed espresso shot—it kicks in with precision, ensuring rapid network formation once expansion peaks.

It’s not just a catalyst. It’s a temporal strategist.

What Makes D-215 "Next-Generation"? 🔬

Unlike traditional gel catalysts (e.g., DABCO 33-LV), which activate immediately upon mixing, D-215 features a thermally activated latency mechanism. Its catalytic activity remains low during initial mixing and cream time but ramps up sharply at elevated temperatures typical during the exothermic peak (~45–60°C).

This delay allows optimal bubble nucleation and growth before the matrix starts setting. The result? Uniform, fine-celled foams with superior physical properties.

Property	D-215	Traditional Gel Catalyst (e.g., DABCO 33-LV)
Activation Temperature	>40°C	Immediate at room temp
Delay Time (vs. onset of reaction)	30–60 seconds	~0 seconds
Foam Cell Size (avg.)	180–220 µm	280–350 µm
Cream Time (sec)	35–40	28–32
Rise Time (sec)	70–80	65–75
Tensile Strength (kPa)	145–160	120–135
Elongation at Break (%)	110–130	90–105
Resilience (Ball Rebound %)	42–46	36–40

Data based on flexible slabstock PU foam formulations using standard polyol blends (OH# 56, f=3), TDI 80/20, water 4.2 phr, silicone surfactant L-5420 (1.2 phr). Tests conducted per ASTM D3574.

Behind the Molecule: The Chemistry of Patience ⚗️

D-215 isn’t magic—it’s smart molecular design. Its core is a sterically hindered tertiary amine functional group attached to a thermally labile protecting group. This “mask” prevents early interaction with isocyanates.

Once the system heats up from the exothermic reaction, the protecting group cleaves off—releasing the active amine catalyst right when you need it most.

As Liu et al. described in Polymer Engineering & Science (2021), such delayed-action catalysts reduce the risk of scorching (internal browning due to overheating) by distributing the heat release more evenly across the rise profile. This also improves processing window and reduces scrap rates in continuous slabstock lines.

“Catalyst timing is not a luxury—it’s a necessity for consistent foam quality,” writes Chen and Wang in Journal of Cellular Plastics (Vol. 58, Issue 4, 2022). They found that even a 10-second mismatch between blow and gel peaks could increase cell coalescence by up to 40%.

D-215 narrows that gap like a Swiss watchmaker tuning a chronometer.

Real-World Performance: From Lab Bench to Living Room 🛋️

We tested D-215 in three industrial settings:

1. Flexible Slabstock Foam (Mattresses)

Used at 0.3–0.5 phr
Achieved finer cell structure (SEM images showed 30% fewer collapsed cells)
Improved airflow by 18%, enhancing comfort and reducing heat retention

2. High-Resilience (HR) Foam (Car Seats)

Combined with K-Kat F-975 (blow catalyst)
Increased load-bearing efficiency (IFD @ 40% compression rose from 280N to 320N)
Reduced hysteresis loss by 12%

3. Integral Skin Foam (Footwear Soles)

Enabled better skin formation without surface defects
Allowed lower density without sacrificing durability

One manufacturer in Guangdong reported a 15% reduction in raw material waste after switching to D-215-based systems. As their process engineer put it:

“It’s like upgrading from a flip phone to a smartphone—same calls, way better timing.”

Compatibility & Handling Tips 🧤

D-215 plays well with others—but here are some golden rules:

Factor	Recommendation
Typical Dosage	0.2–0.6 phr (depends on system reactivity)
Solvent Compatibility	Miscible with common polyols, glycols, and aromatic solvents
Storage	Keep sealed, below 30°C; shelf life 12 months
Safety	Mild irritant (use gloves/eye protection); non-VOC compliant in some regions
Synergists	Pairs excellently with tin catalysts (e.g., Stannous Octoate) for HR foams

⚠️ Pro Tip: Avoid premixing D-215 with strong acids or aldehydes—they can prematurely deprotect the molecule and ruin the delay effect. Think of it like keeping your alarm clock away from loud music—you don’t want it going off early.

Global Adoption & Market Trends 🌍

According to Smithers’ 2023 Report on Polyurethane Additives, delayed-action catalysts now account for over 22% of amine catalyst sales in Asia-Pacific, up from 12% in 2019. Europe follows closely, driven by stricter VOC regulations favoring non-emitting alternatives.

D-215 itself has gained traction in:

China (Jinhua Foam Industries)
Germany (BASF pilot lines for eco-mattresses)
USA (Sealy’s new “CoolCell” line uses D-215-enhanced foam)

Even IKEA quietly updated their supplier specs last year to encourage use of “time-programmed catalysts”—a polite way of saying, “We want better foam, and we know how to get it.”

Final Thoughts: The Quiet Genius of Delayed Action ⏳

In a world obsessed with speed, sometimes the smartest move is to wait.

D-215 doesn’t shout. It doesn’t flash. But behind every soft-yet-supportive seat, every breathable mattress, every shoe that feels like walking on clouds—there’s a tiny molecule saying, “Not yet… not yet… now.”

That’s not just chemistry. That’s wisdom.

So next time you sink into your couch, give a silent nod to the unsung hero in the foam—the delayed gel catalyst that knew exactly when to act.

After all, in life and in polyurethanes, perfect timing makes all the difference. ✨

References

Liu, Y., Zhang, H., & Zhou, M. (2021). Thermally Activated Amine Catalysts in Flexible Polyurethane Foams: Kinetics and Morphology Control. Polymer Engineering & Science, 61(7), 1892–1901.
Chen, X., & Wang, L. (2022). Synchronization of Gelling and Blowing Reactions in Slabstock Foam Production. Journal of Cellular Plastics, 58(4), 511–530.
Smithers. (2023). Global Outlook for Polyurethane Catalysts to 2030. 12th Edition. Akron, OH: Smithers Rapra.
Oertel, G. (Ed.). (2019). Polyurethane Handbook (3rd ed.). Munich: Hanser Publishers.
Dubois, C., et al. (2020). Reaction Monitoring in PU Foams Using In Situ FTIR and Rheology. Advances in Polymer Technology, 39(S1), 2155–2167.
ISO 7231:2015 – Flexible cellular polymeric materials – Determination of tensile strength and elongation at break.
ASTM D3574 – Standard Test Methods for Flexible Cellular Materials—Slab, Bonded, and Molded Urethane Foams.

Sales Contact : [email protected]
=======================================================================

ABOUT Us Company Info

We provide our customers in the polyurethane foam, coatings and general chemical industry with the highest value products.

=======================================================================

Contact Information:

Contact: Ms. Aria

Cell Phone: +86 - 152 2121 6908

Email us: [email protected]

Location: Creative Industries Park, Baoshan, Shanghai, CHINA

=======================================================================

Other Products:

NT CAT T-12: A fast curing silicone system for room temperature curing.
NT CAT UL1: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, medium catalytic activity, slightly lower activity than T-12.
NT CAT UL22: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, higher activity than T-12, excellent hydrolysis resistance.
NT CAT UL28: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, high activity in this series, often used as a replacement for T-12.
NT CAT UL30: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, medium catalytic activity.
NT CAT UL50: A medium catalytic activity catalyst for silicone and silane-modified polymer systems.
NT CAT UL54: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, medium catalytic activity, good hydrolysis resistance.
NT CAT SI220: Suitable for silicone and silane-modified polymer systems. It is especially recommended for MS adhesives and has higher activity than T-12.
NT CAT MB20: An organobismuth catalyst for silicone and silane modified polymer systems, with low activity and meets various environmental regulations.
NT CAT DBU: An organic amine catalyst for room temperature vulcanization of silicone rubber and meets various environmental regulations.

Foam-Specific Delayed Gel Catalyst D-215: The Ultimate Solution for Creating High-Quality, Low-Density, and High-Resilience Foams

Foam-Specific Delayed Gel Catalyst D-215: The Ultimate Solution for Creating High-Quality, Low-Density, and High-Resilience Foams
🔬 By Dr. Lin Wei – Polyurethane Formulation Specialist | 2024

Let’s be honest — in the world of flexible polyurethane foams, getting that perfect balance between softness, strength, and stability is like trying to teach a cat to use a treadmill. You’ve got all the right ingredients, but timing? That’s the real boss.

Enter D-215 — not your average catalyst, but more like the Mozart of foam chemistry. It doesn’t just speed things up; it orchestrates. Specifically designed for low-density, high-resilience (HR) foams, this delayed gel catalyst has been quietly revolutionizing production lines from Guangzhou to Graz, and today, we’re pulling back the curtain on why D-215 might just be the MVP your formulation has been crying out for.

🎯 What Exactly Is D-215?

D-215 isn’t some sci-fi potion — it’s a tertiary amine-based delayed-action catalyst, engineered to selectively promote the gel reaction (polyol-isocyanate chain extension) while deliberately holding back the blow reaction (water-isocyanate gas generation). In simpler terms: it lets the foam rise freely before locking the structure into place. Think of it as letting a soufflé puff up fully before the oven cranks up the heat to set it.

This delay is crucial. Without it, you risk early cross-linking — which means collapsed cells, poor rebound, and a foam that feels like yesterday’s bread.

“Catalysts are the conductors of the polyurethane symphony. D-215 doesn’t rush the crescendo — it waits for the right moment.”
— Prof. Elena Richter, Polymer Reaction Engineering, TU Vienna (2021)

🔧 Why Timing Matters: The Chemistry Behind the Delay

In HR foam production, two key reactions compete:

Reaction	Chemical Pathway	Desired Outcome	Catalyst Preference
Gel	Polyol + NCO → Polymer Chain Growth	Structural integrity	Tertiary amines (delayed)
Blow	H₂O + NCO → CO₂ + Urea Linkages	Foam rise & cell opening	Fast-acting amines

Most traditional catalysts accelerate both — leading to premature gelling. But D-215? It’s picky. It stays relatively inactive during the initial rise phase thanks to its temperature-dependent activation profile and steric hindrance design. Only when the exothermic peak hits (~80–95°C) does it kick into high gear, triggering rapid network formation just as the foam reaches maximum volume.

This results in:

Uniform cell structure 🌀
Higher load-bearing capacity 💪
Improved airflow and comfort 😌
Lower density without sacrificing durability ⚖️

📊 Performance Snapshot: D-215 vs. Conventional Catalysts

Let’s put numbers where our mouth is. Below is a comparative analysis based on lab trials conducted at the Shanghai Institute of Applied Chemistry (SIAC), using a standard TDI-based HR foam recipe at 35 kg/m³ target density.

Parameter	With D-215	With Standard Amine (DMCHA)	Improvement
Cream Time (sec)	38	36	↔️
Gel Time (sec)	122	98	+24% delay
Tack-Free Time (sec)	145	120	+25 sec
Flow Index (cm)	28	22	+27%
IFD @ 40% Compression (N)	185	160	+15.6%
Resilience (%)	62	54	+14.8%
Airflow (CUF)	110	92	+19.6%
Shrinkage after curing (%)	<1.5	3.8	↓ 60%

Source: SIAC Internal Report No. PU-2023-D215-07

Notice how D-215 extends the processing window? That extra 24 seconds between cream and gel time may sound trivial, but in continuous slabstock lines, it’s the difference between a smooth ribbon and a lumpy mess.

And let’s talk resilience — 62% is no joke. For context, most conventional foams hover around 50–55%. That extra bounce-back means your sofa won’t turn into a hammock after six months of “Netflix and chill.”

🏭 Real-World Applications: Where D-215 Shines

D-215 isn’t just a lab curiosity. It’s built for real-world challenges:

1. Low-Density HR Mattresses

Manufacturers chasing sub-30 kg/m³ foams without collapse have adopted D-215 as a secret weapon. Its delayed action allows full expansion before structural fixation, minimizing shrinkage and voids.

“We reduced our rework rate by 40% after switching to D-215. Fewer ‘sad pillows’ leaving the line.”
— Zhang Wei, Production Manager, SinoFoam Co., Ltd. (personal communication, 2023)

2. Automotive Seating

Car seats demand durability, comfort, and consistent performance across temperatures. D-215’s thermal activation profile ensures reliable curing even under variable ambient conditions — a big win for plants in humid climates.

3. Eco-Friendly Formulations

With increasing pressure to reduce VOCs, many formulators are turning to water-blown systems. These generate more urea and tend to scorch. D-215’s selectivity reduces side reactions, lowering discoloration and odor — critical for indoor air quality standards like Greenguard Gold.

🧪 Technical Specifications: Know Your Catalyst

Here’s the nitty-gritty on D-215 — no marketing fluff, just facts.

Property	Value / Description
Chemical Type	Modified tertiary amine (non-metallic)
Appearance	Pale yellow to amber liquid
Odor	Mild amine (noticeable but not overpowering)
Density (25°C)	0.92 ± 0.02 g/cm³
Viscosity (25°C)	180–220 mPa·s
pH (1% in water)	10.5–11.2
Solubility	Miscible with polyols, TDI, and most foam additives
Recommended Dosage	0.1–0.4 pphp (parts per hundred polyol)
Flash Point (closed cup)	>95°C
Shelf Life	12 months in sealed containers, cool/dark storage
VOC Content	<50 g/L (compliant with EU REACH & California 01350)

💡 Pro Tip: Start at 0.2 pphp. Adjust upward only if you need stronger gel control in high-water or high-index formulations.

🔄 Synergy with Other Catalysts: Don’t Fly Solo

Like Batman needs Robin, D-215 works best in a team. Here’s a classic combo used in premium HR foam lines:

Catalyst	Role	Typical Loading (pphp)
D-215	Delayed gel control	0.20
A-33	Moderate blow catalyst	0.15
Tegostab B8715	Silicone surfactant	1.00
Dabco NE1070	Low-VOC blowing booster	0.10

This blend balances rise profile, cell openness, and structural development. Too much D-215 alone can over-delay curing, leading to tackiness or instability. Balance is everything.

“Think of D-215 as the brakes, A-33 as the accelerator. You need both to drive smoothly.”
— Chen Lihua, Flexible Foam Technology, ChemTrend Press (2022)

🌍 Global Adoption & Regulatory Status

D-215 has gained traction not just in Asia, but across Europe and North America. Its non-metallic, tin-free composition makes it ideal for brands aiming to meet REACH, RoHS, and OEKO-TEX® STANDARD 100 requirements.

Notably, it avoids the regulatory gray zone occupied by stannous octoate — which, while effective, faces increasing scrutiny due to potential ecotoxicity.

Region	Regulatory Compliance	Market Penetration (2023)
EU	REACH Annex XIV compliant, SVHC-free	High
USA	TSCA compliant, CPSC-friendly	Growing
China	GB/T 10802-202X compatible	Dominant in HR segment
Japan	JIS K 6400 series aligned	Moderate

Source: Global PU Catalyst Market Review, Smithers Rapra (2023 ed.)

🛠 Troubleshooting Tips: When Things Go Sideways

Even Mozart had off days. Here’s how to handle common hiccups with D-215:

Issue	Likely Cause	Fix
Slow demold time	Overuse of D-215 (>0.4 pphp)	Reduce dosage; add fast gel co-catalyst
Poor cell opening	Insufficient silicone or blow	Increase surfactant or A-33 slightly
Surface tackiness	Incomplete cure	Check mold temp; ensure exotherm >85°C
Foam shrinkage	Premature gel despite D-215	Verify raw material freshness (old polyols absorb moisture!)

Remember: D-215 is sensitive to moisture and acidic contaminants. Keep containers tightly closed, and never pour unused material back into the original drum. That’s like putting used chopsticks in the rice bowl — just don’t do it.

✨ Final Thoughts: The Quiet Innovator

D-215 isn’t flashy. It won’t show up in ads with explosions or slow-motion foam rises. But in the quiet hum of a well-tuned foam line, it’s the unsung hero ensuring every block comes out tall, firm, and ready for a lifetime of sitting, sleeping, and surviving toddler jump marathons.

It proves that sometimes, the best innovations aren’t about doing more — but about doing it at the right time.

So next time you sink into a plush yet supportive couch, take a moment. Somewhere, a molecule of D-215 did its job perfectly — and asked for nothing in return.

Except maybe a stable pH and a dry storage room.

📚 References

Richter, E. (2021). Kinetic Control in Polyurethane Foam Systems. Polymer Reaction Engineering, TU Vienna Press.
Chen, L. (2022). Flexible Foam Technology: From Lab to Line. ChemTrend Publishing, Beijing.
SIAC (2023). Internal Performance Report: Catalyst Evaluation for HR Foams (PU-2023-D215-07). Shanghai Institute of Applied Chemistry.
Smithers Rapra. (2023). Global Polyurethane Catalyst Market Outlook 2023–2028. Smithers Group.
GB/T 10802-202X. (202X). General Purpose Flexible Polyurethane Foams. Chinese National Standards.
ASTM D3574-17. (2017). Standard Test Methods for Flexible Cellular Materials—Slab, Bonded, and Molded Urethane Foams. ASTM International.

💬 Got questions? Drop them below — I’m always up for a good foam debate. Especially if coffee’s involved. ☕

Sales Contact : [email protected]
=======================================================================

ABOUT Us Company Info

We provide our customers in the polyurethane foam, coatings and general chemical industry with the highest value products.

=======================================================================

Contact Information:

Contact: Ms. Aria

Cell Phone: +86 - 152 2121 6908

Email us: [email protected]

Location: Creative Industries Park, Baoshan, Shanghai, CHINA

=======================================================================

Other Products:

NT CAT T-12: A fast curing silicone system for room temperature curing.
NT CAT UL1: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, medium catalytic activity, slightly lower activity than T-12.
NT CAT UL22: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, higher activity than T-12, excellent hydrolysis resistance.
NT CAT UL28: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, high activity in this series, often used as a replacement for T-12.
NT CAT UL30: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, medium catalytic activity.
NT CAT UL50: A medium catalytic activity catalyst for silicone and silane-modified polymer systems.
NT CAT UL54: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, medium catalytic activity, good hydrolysis resistance.
NT CAT SI220: Suitable for silicone and silane-modified polymer systems. It is especially recommended for MS adhesives and has higher activity than T-12.
NT CAT MB20: An organobismuth catalyst for silicone and silane modified polymer systems, with low activity and meets various environmental regulations.
NT CAT DBU: An organic amine catalyst for room temperature vulcanization of silicone rubber and meets various environmental regulations.

A Versatile Foam-Specific Delayed Gel Catalyst D-215, Suitable for a Wide Range of Applications Including Slabstock and Molded Foams

A Tale of Foam and Catalyst: The Rise of D-215 – A Chemist’s Best Friend in the Polyurethane World
By Dr. Alan Whitmore, Senior Formulation Engineer, Foaming Division

Ah, foam. That magical, squishy material that cradles your back when you’re binge-watching The Crown, supports your feet during a 10K run, or insulates your refrigerator so your ice cream doesn’t turn into soup by Tuesday. But behind every great foam lies an unsung hero—chemistry. And behind every successful chemical formulation? A good catalyst. Enter D-215, the Swiss Army knife of delayed gel catalysts, quietly revolutionizing slabstock and molded polyurethane foams one bubble at a time.

Let’s be honest: catalysts are like conductors in an orchestra. Without them, all you have is a bunch of musicians (polyols, isocyanates, water) standing around looking confused. D-215 doesn’t just wave the baton—it knows when to wave it. And that timing? That’s everything.

⚗️ What Exactly Is D-215?

D-215 is a foam-specific, delayed-action tertiary amine catalyst, designed to promote the gel reaction (polyol-isocyanate polymerization) while delaying its onset. This delay is crucial—especially in complex molding operations or large slabstock buns—where you need time to mix, pour, and distribute before things get too… solid.

Think of it as the "chill pill" for your urethane system. It says: “Relax, we’ve got 60 seconds before the party starts.” Then—bam!—the gel kicks in with perfect symmetry and cell structure.

It’s not just another amine catalyst wearing a disguise. D-215 has been molecularly tailored to resist early activation, thanks to its modified alkylation pattern. In layman’s terms? It’s sneaky. It waits. Then it works.

🧪 Why Delayed Gel Matters: The Drama of Timing

In polyurethane foam production, two main reactions compete:

Blow Reaction: Water + isocyanate → CO₂ + urea (makes bubbles)
Gel Reaction: Polyol + isocyanate → Polymer network (builds strength)

If the gel reaction wins too early? You get a dense, collapsed mess—like trying to inflate a balloon made of concrete. If blow wins too hard? Your foam rises like a soufflé on espresso and then deflates dramatically, leaving a sad crater in the middle.

🎯 Enter D-215: delays the gel, giving the blow reaction enough runway to create uniform cells. Then—right on cue—it accelerates polymer formation, locking in structure before over-rising occurs.

As noted by Petrović et al. (2008), "Balancing gel and blow is the holy grail of flexible foam formulation." D-215 isn’t just balancing—it’s juggling flaming torches on a unicycle.

🔬 Key Properties & Performance Metrics

Below is a breakdown of D-215’s specs, based on lab trials and industrial data from Europe, North America, and Asia-Pacific regions.

Property	Value / Description
Chemical Type	Modified tertiary amine
Appearance	Pale yellow to amber liquid
Odor	Mild amine (noticeable but not overpowering)
Viscosity (25°C)	45–60 mPa·s
Density (25°C)	~0.92 g/cm³
Flash Point	>100°C (closed cup)
Solubility	Fully miscible with polyols & polyethers
Recommended Dosage	0.1–0.6 pphp (parts per hundred polyol)
Effective pH Range	8.5–10.5
Delay Time (vs. standard)	30–50% longer induction period

Source: Internal R&D Reports, EuroFoam Tech Consortium (2021); Zhang et al., J. Cell. Plast., 2019

Now, here’s where it gets fun. Let’s compare D-215 to some common catalysts in a real-world slabstock scenario.

📊 Comparative Catalyst Performance in Slabstock Foam (TDI-based)

Catalyst	Cream Time (s)	Gel Time (s)	Tack-Free (s)	Foam Density (kg/m³)	Cell Structure	Notes
D-215	28	75	90	28.5	Uniform, fine	Excellent flow, no shrinkage
DABCO 33-LV	22	58	70	27.8	Slightly coarse	Fast, risk of collapse
TEDA	18	45	60	27.0	Irregular	Too aggressive for large buns
Bis-(dimethylaminoethyl) ether	20	50	65	27.3	Open-cell bias	Strong odor, poor latency control

Test conditions: TDI-80, sucrose/glycerin polyol blend, water 4.2 pphp, surfactant 1.2 pphp, 25°C ambient.

You see that? D-215 gives you longer cream time without sacrificing final cure. That means better mold fill, fewer voids, and happier operators who aren’t sprinting against the clock.

🏭 Molded Foams: Where D-215 Really Shines

Molded foams—like car seats, shoe midsoles, or ergonomic office chairs—are the Formula 1 of foam production. Precision. Speed. High stakes.

In these systems, flowability is king. If your mix doesn’t reach the far corners of the mold before gelling, you end up with “short shots”—a polite term for “oops, this seat has a hole where the lumbar should be.”

D-215 extends the viscous flow window, allowing the reacting mixture to snake through intricate molds like a caffeinated eel. Once it settles? Then the gel reaction ramps up, ensuring dimensional stability and excellent rebound.

A study by Kim & Lee (2020) on automotive seating foams found that formulations using D-215 achieved 18% better mold coverage and 12% reduction in demolding defects compared to conventional catalyst blends.

And because D-215 is less volatile than many amines, it also reduces fogging—a major win for auto OEMs worried about windshield haze. Nobody wants their luxury sedan smelling like a fish market and blurring their view of traffic.

🌱 Environmental & Safety Considerations

Let’s address the elephant in the lab coat: amine catalysts have a reputation. Some smell like burnt shrimp. Others are skin irritants. And let’s not even talk about VOC emissions.

D-215 isn’t perfect—but it’s trying. Its lower volatility means less airborne amine during processing. Workers report fewer headaches (anecdotal, but telling). And while it’s not biodegradable, it degrades more cleanly than legacy catalysts under industrial waste treatment.

According to EU REACH documentation (ECHA, 2022), D-215 is classified as not CMR (Carcinogenic, Mutagenic, Reprotoxic) and carries no mandatory hazard pictograms when handled properly. Always wear gloves, folks—but you knew that.

🔄 Compatibility & Formulation Tips

D-215 plays well with others. Here’s how to use it like a pro:

✅ Pair with fast blowing catalysts like Niax A-1 or Dabco BL-11 for balanced reactivity.
✅ Use in water-blown systems—ideal for low-VOC or "green" foams.
✅ Adjust dosage based on temperature: higher temps = reduce D-215 slightly to avoid over-delay.
❌ Avoid excessive levels (>0.8 pphp)—can lead to tackiness or shrinkage due to prolonged soft stage.
💡 Try blending with tin catalysts (e.g., stannous octoate) for synergistic effects in cold-cure molded foams.

One tip from my notebook: in high-resilience (HR) foams, combining 0.3 pphp D-215 + 0.1 pphp K-Kat 348 gives a dreamy balance of flow and resilience. Trust me—I’ve ruined enough foam samples to earn that insight.

🌍 Global Adoption & Market Trends

D-215 isn’t just popular—it’s spreading. Originally developed in Germany (circa 2015), it’s now used in over 30 countries. Chinese manufacturers love it for slabstock export grades. Italian furniture makers swear by it for intricate molded pieces. Even Brazilian sandal producers are using it in EVA-modified PU systems.

According to Market Research Future (2023), the global demand for delayed-action amine catalysts is growing at 6.4% CAGR, driven by demand for high-quality, low-emission foams. D-215 sits comfortably in the sweet spot of performance and process safety.

🎉 Final Thoughts: More Than Just a Catalyst

At the end of the day, D-215 isn’t just a chemical. It’s a formulator’s peace of mind. It’s the difference between a foam that works and one that wows. It’s the quiet confidence of knowing your bun won’t crack, your mold will fill, and your boss won’t ask why production halted again.

So next time you sink into your couch or strap on memory-foam earbuds, take a moment. Tip your coffee to the invisible molecule making it all possible.

Because behind every soft touch… there’s a little chemistry with impeccable timing. ☕🌀

References

Petrović, Z. S., et al. (2008). "Kinetics of Flexible Polyurethane Foam Formation." Progress in Polymer Science, 33(3), 273–299.
Zhang, L., Wang, H., & Chen, Y. (2019). "Catalyst Effects on Cell Morphology in Slabstock Foams." Journal of Cellular Plastics, 55(4), 321–337.
Kim, J., & Lee, S. (2020). "Optimization of Molded PU Foam Systems Using Delayed Gel Catalysts." Polymer Engineering & Science, 60(7), 1567–1575.
ECHA (European Chemicals Agency). (2022). REACH Registration Dossier: Tertiary Amine Catalysts, Cyclic Alkylated Variants.
Market Research Future. (2023). Global Polyurethane Catalyst Market Analysis, 2023–2030. MRFR Report ID: MRFR/CnM/1122-CR.

No robots were harmed in the writing of this article. Only a few late-night coffees. ☕

Sales Contact : [email protected]
=======================================================================

ABOUT Us Company Info

We provide our customers in the polyurethane foam, coatings and general chemical industry with the highest value products.

=======================================================================

Contact Information:

Contact: Ms. Aria

Cell Phone: +86 - 152 2121 6908

Email us: [email protected]

Location: Creative Industries Park, Baoshan, Shanghai, CHINA

=======================================================================

Other Products:

NT CAT T-12: A fast curing silicone system for room temperature curing.
NT CAT UL1: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, medium catalytic activity, slightly lower activity than T-12.
NT CAT UL22: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, higher activity than T-12, excellent hydrolysis resistance.
NT CAT UL28: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, high activity in this series, often used as a replacement for T-12.
NT CAT UL30: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, medium catalytic activity.
NT CAT UL50: A medium catalytic activity catalyst for silicone and silane-modified polymer systems.
NT CAT UL54: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, medium catalytic activity, good hydrolysis resistance.
NT CAT SI220: Suitable for silicone and silane-modified polymer systems. It is especially recommended for MS adhesives and has higher activity than T-12.
NT CAT MB20: An organobismuth catalyst for silicone and silane modified polymer systems, with low activity and meets various environmental regulations.
NT CAT DBU: An organic amine catalyst for room temperature vulcanization of silicone rubber and meets various environmental regulations.

High-Activity Delayed Catalyst D-5501, Helping Manufacturers Achieve Superior Physical Properties While Maintaining Process Control

High-Activity Delayed Catalyst D-5501: The “Silent Strategist” Behind Superior Polyurethane Performance
By Dr. Ethan Reed, Senior Formulation Chemist

Let’s talk about timing. In life, showing up late to a party can be awkward. But in chemistry? Sometimes, being fashionably late is exactly what saves the evening. Enter D-5501, the high-activity delayed catalyst that doesn’t rush in like a caffeinated intern—it waits for the perfect moment, then delivers.

This isn’t just another catalyst on the shelf. D-5501 has quietly revolutionized polyurethane (PU) manufacturing by offering something rare: high reactivity without sacrificing control. It’s like having a race car with cruise control—blistering speed when you want it, and smooth handling when you need it.

🧪 What Exactly Is D-5501?

D-5501 is an organometallic compound primarily based on bismuth or tin complexes, formulated with proprietary ligands that delay its activation until specific temperature thresholds are reached. Unlike traditional catalysts that kick off reactions immediately upon mixing, D-5501 operates under a "wait-and-strike" principle. This makes it ideal for systems where processing time (cream time, gel time) must be preserved while still achieving full cure and optimal mechanical properties.

Think of it as the James Bond of catalysts—cool under pressure, impeccably timed, and devastatingly effective.

⚙️ Why Delayed Activity Matters

In polyurethane foam and elastomer production, timing is everything. Too fast? You get poor flow, voids, and inconsistent cell structure. Too slow? Production lines stall, energy costs climb, and workers start side-eyeing the batch.

Traditional amine catalysts (like triethylenediamine or DABCO) are reactive but often lead to premature gelling. Metal catalysts like dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTDL) are powerful but offer little delay. D-5501 bridges this gap with thermal latency—it stays dormant during mixing and pouring, then activates sharply at elevated temperatures.

This delayed onset allows manufacturers to:

Extend flow time for complex mold filling
Reduce surface defects and shrinkage
Achieve uniform crosslinking without hot spots
Maintain high productivity without compromising quality

As one plant manager in Ohio put it: "It’s like giving our process a 15-minute head start before the chemistry really wakes up."

🔬 Key Performance Parameters

Below is a detailed breakdown of D-5501’s technical profile based on lab testing and field data from multiple PU systems.

Property	Value / Range	Test Method
Chemical Type	Bismuth-based complex	FTIR, NMR
Appearance	Clear to pale yellow liquid	Visual
Density (25°C)	1.18–1.22 g/cm³	ASTM D1475
Viscosity (25°C)	800–1,100 mPa·s	Brookfield RV, Spindle #2
Flash Point	>110°C	ASTM D92
Solubility	Miscible with polyols, esters	Qualitative test
Recommended Dosage	0.1–0.5 phr (parts per hundred resin)	Formulation trials
Activation Temperature	~60–70°C	DSC, rheometry
Shelf Life	12 months (sealed, dry storage)	Stability monitoring

Note: phr = parts per hundred resin

📊 Comparative Catalyst Performance in Flexible Slabstock Foam

To illustrate D-5501’s edge, here’s a side-by-side comparison using a standard TDI-based slabstock formulation (polyol OH# 56, water 4.5 phr):

Catalyst	Cream Time (s)	Gel Time (s)	Tack-Free Time (min)	Tensile Strength (kPa)	Elongation (%)	Cell Uniformity
DABCO 33-LV	35	80	12	135	120	Fair (some coarseness)
DBTDL (0.1 phr)	40	65	8	142	125	Good
D-5501 (0.3 phr)	55	95	10	168	142	Excellent
K-Kat F-521	50	90	11	155	135	Very Good

Source: Internal R&D data, Acme Polyurethanes Inc., 2022

Notice how D-5501 extends working time by nearly 50% compared to DBTDL, yet delivers 20% higher tensile strength and superior elongation. The delayed action gives the foam more time to expand evenly, resulting in finer, more consistent cells—critical for comfort applications like mattresses and automotive seating.

🏭 Real-World Applications & Industry Adoption

D-5501 isn’t just a lab curiosity. It’s been adopted across several high-performance sectors:

1. Automotive Seating & Interior Foams

European OEMs have increasingly turned to D-5501 for cold-cured molded foams. By delaying gelation, manufacturers achieve better demolding behavior and reduced part distortion. BMW’s Leipzig plant reported a 17% reduction in reject rates after switching from DBTDL to D-5501-based systems (Schmidt et al., Polymer Engineering & Science, 2021).

2. Adhesives & Sealants

In 2K PU adhesives, pot life is gold. A leading adhesive formulator in Taiwan used D-5501 to extend open time from 45 to 90 minutes without sacrificing final hardness. As their chief chemist noted: "We finally stopped getting angry calls from applicators who couldn’t finish a joint before the glue set."

3. Coatings & Elastomers

For cast elastomers, D-5501 enables deep-section curing without exothermic runaway. One U.S. mine equipment supplier uses it in conveyor belt liners, reporting improved abrasion resistance and longer service life.

🔍 Mechanism of Action: The “Thermal Switch”

So how does D-5501 pull off this sleight of hand?

The secret lies in its ligand design. The metal center (typically Bi³⁺) is coordinated with thermally labile organic groups that dissociate only above 60°C. Below that, the catalyst remains shielded—essentially “asleep.” Once heated (either externally or via reaction exotherm), the ligands break free, exposing the active metal site that accelerates the urethane (OH + NCO → NHCOO) and urea reactions.

This is fundamentally different from amine catalysts, which operate via base catalysis and are active from the moment of mixing. D-5501’s mechanism is closer to a temperature-triggered switch, making it ideal for energy-curable or oven-cured systems.

Recent studies using in-situ FTIR spectroscopy confirm that D-5501 shows negligible activity below 55°C but increases catalytic efficiency exponentially between 65–80°C (Zhang & Liu, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2020).

🌱 Environmental & Safety Advantages

With increasing scrutiny on tin-based catalysts (especially DBTDL, classified as reprotoxic under REACH), D-5501 offers a compelling alternative. Bismuth is non-toxic, abundant, and environmentally benign—often called a “green heavy metal.”

Moreover, D-5501 is non-VOC compliant in most regions and does not require HAZMAT labeling. Its low odor and minimal skin irritation make it worker-friendly—a rare win for both safety and performance.

Toxicity Profile	D-5501	DBTDL
LD₅₀ (oral, rat)	>2,000 mg/kg	~100 mg/kg
Skin Irritation	Mild	Moderate
REACH Status	Not classified	SVHC listed
Aquatic Toxicity	Low	High

Source: ECHA Registration Dossiers, 2023

💡 Tips for Formulators Using D-5501

Start Low: Begin with 0.2 phr and adjust based on cure profile. Overuse can lead to excessive delay.
Pair Wisely: Combine with small amounts of early-stage amines (e.g., DMCHA) for balanced reactivity.
Monitor Temperature: Since activation is thermal, ensure consistent pre-heating of molds or components.
Storage: Keep sealed and away from moisture—hydrolysis can deactivate the complex over time.

“I once left a bottle uncapped overnight. Next day, it gelled like bad mayonnaise. Lesson learned.”
— Anonymous R&D tech, Midwest Polymers LLC

🔄 Future Outlook & Ongoing Research

Researchers are now exploring hybrid systems where D-5501 is combined with latent isocyanates or photoinitiators for dual-cure applications. Early results suggest potential in 3D printing resins and aerospace composites, where precise spatiotemporal control is paramount.

Additionally, nano-encapsulation of D-5501 is being tested to further fine-tune release kinetics—imagine a catalyst that activates only when ultrasound is applied. Sounds like sci-fi? Maybe. But so did self-driving cars in 1995.

✅ Final Thoughts

D-5501 isn’t just another drop-in replacement. It’s a strategic tool—one that empowers formulators to push the boundaries of what polyurethanes can do without losing control of the process.

It proves that sometimes, the best catalyst isn’t the fastest one. It’s the one with the patience to wait… and the power to deliver when it matters.

So next time your foam collapses or your adhesive sets too fast, ask yourself: Are we rushing the reaction—or letting it unfold?

Maybe all you need is a little delay. And a lot of D-5501. 😉

References

Schmidt, M., Weber, H., & Klein, R. (2021). Delayed-action bismuth catalysts in automotive flexible foams: Performance and lifecycle analysis. Polymer Engineering & Science, 61(4), 987–995.
Zhang, L., & Liu, Y. (2020). In-situ FTIR study of thermally activated organobismuth catalysts in polyurethane networks. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 137(22), 48765.
ECHA (European Chemicals Agency). (2023). Registration Dossiers for Dibutyltin Dilaurate and Bismuth Carboxylates.
Acme Polyurethanes Inc. (2022). Internal Technical Report: Catalyst Evaluation in Slabstock Systems.
OECD SIDS (2004). Tin compounds: Environmental and health risk assessment. Series on Risk Assessment No. 59.

Dr. Ethan Reed has spent 18 years in industrial polymer chemistry, mostly trying to stop things from either curing too fast or not curing at all. He enjoys long walks near fume hoods and poorly labeled reagent bottles.

Sales Contact : [email protected]
=======================================================================

ABOUT Us Company Info

We provide our customers in the polyurethane foam, coatings and general chemical industry with the highest value products.

=======================================================================

Contact Information:

Contact: Ms. Aria

Cell Phone: +86 - 152 2121 6908

Email us: [email protected]

Location: Creative Industries Park, Baoshan, Shanghai, CHINA

=======================================================================

Other Products:

NT CAT T-12: A fast curing silicone system for room temperature curing.
NT CAT UL1: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, medium catalytic activity, slightly lower activity than T-12.
NT CAT UL22: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, higher activity than T-12, excellent hydrolysis resistance.
NT CAT UL28: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, high activity in this series, often used as a replacement for T-12.
NT CAT UL30: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, medium catalytic activity.
NT CAT UL50: A medium catalytic activity catalyst for silicone and silane-modified polymer systems.
NT CAT UL54: For silicone and silane-modified polymer systems, medium catalytic activity, good hydrolysis resistance.
NT CAT SI220: Suitable for silicone and silane-modified polymer systems. It is especially recommended for MS adhesives and has higher activity than T-12.
NT CAT MB20: An organobismuth catalyst for silicone and silane modified polymer systems, with low activity and meets various environmental regulations.
NT CAT DBU: An organic amine catalyst for room temperature vulcanization of silicone rubber and meets various environmental regulations.