Detailed explanation of the application skills of anti-yellowing agent in the sole
Preface: Why do shoes turn yellow?
In daily life, we often find that our beloved shoes gradually turn yellow over time. Whether it is white sneakers, sports shoes or casual shoes, this phenomenon not only affects the beauty, but also can make people feel embarrassed. So, why does this happen? In fact, there are many reasons for yellowing of shoes, which can be mainly attributed to the following categories:
Material Aging
Sole materials (such as rubber, TPU, etc.) will undergo oxidation reactions when exposed to air for a long time, resulting in yellowing of the color. Especially with white or light-colored soles, this change is more obvious. This is like the color discoloration after being exposed to the air after being cut, which is the result of the natural aging of the material.
Lighting
Ultraviolet rays in the sun have a strong destructive effect on the sole material. Long-term sun exposure will cause chemical composition in the sole to change, causing color changes. This also explains why shoes placed on the balcony are more likely to turn yellow.
Contaminant Attachment
Pollutants in the environment, such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, etc. in the air, may also react chemically with the sole material, causing them to discolor. In addition, the sole will inevitably be contaminated with dust, oil, etc. during use. If these substances are not cleaned in time, it will accelerate the yellowing process of the sole.
Improper storage
Incorrect storage method is also one of the important reasons why shoes turn yellow. For example, storing shoes in humid, high temperatures or poorly ventilated places will promote the occurrence of chemical reactions, thereby accelerating changes in the color of the sole.
To effectively prevent these problems, we need to understand and apply anti-yellowing agents in the sole properly. Next, we will discuss in detail how to select and use anti-yellowing agents and their specific mechanism of action.
Principle of action of anti-yellowing agent
Anti-yellowing agent is a chemical specifically designed to delay or prevent material from turning yellowing. Its main function is to protect the material from external factors through a series of complex chemical reactions, thereby maintaining its original color and performance. The following are the main mechanisms for the anti-yellowing agent to work:
Free Radical Capture
One of the common ingredients in anti-yellowing agents is antioxidants, which can effectively capture and neutralize free radicals. Free radicals are highly active molecules triggered by factors such as light, heat, and oxygen. They attack polymer chains in the material, resulting in degradation and discoloration. Antioxidants stabilize these free radicals by providing electrons, thus preventing their further reactions and protecting the material from damage.
Absorb UV rays
Another important anti-yellowing agent ingredient is the UV absorber. Instead of letting UV light go straight, these compounds absorb energy and convert it into harmless heat.Connect to the material. This greatly reduces the destructive effect of ultraviolet rays on the material and extends the service life of the material.
Chemical Stabilization
In addition to the two main mechanisms mentioned above, certain anti-yellowing agents can also enhance the stability of the material by forming stable chemical bonds. For example, some metal ion complexes can bind to unstable groups in the material to form a more stable structure, thereby reducing the possibility of yellowing.
Synergy effects in practical applications
In practical applications, multiple anti-yellowing agents are often required to work together to achieve the best results. This is because different anti-yellowing agents have their own advantages for different yellowing reasons. For example, antioxidants are good at dealing with oxidation reactions caused by oxygen, while UV absorbers focus on resisting the harms of UV. Therefore, when formulating anti-yellowing agents, the appropriate combination is usually selected according to the specific needs to ensure all-round protection.
Through the above mechanism, anti-yellowing agents can not only effectively prevent the sole from turning yellow, but also improve the overall durability and appearance quality of the sole material. Next, we will further explore how to choose the appropriate anti-yellowing agent product according to the specific situation.
Guidelines for Choosing Anti-Yellowing Agents
Choose the right anti-yellowing agent to prevent the sole from turning yellow. There are many types of anti-yellowing agents on the market, each with its specific application scenarios and advantages. The following are several common types and their characteristics:
1. Antioxidant anti-yellowing agent
- Advantages: Efficiently capture free radicals and significantly slow down the oxidation process.
- Scope of application: Suitable for rubber and plastic products that are susceptible to oxygen.
- Recommended product parameters:
- Ingredients: Phenol antioxidants
- Doing: 0.5%-1% (relative to total material weight)
- Temperature stability: up to 200°C
| Ingredients | Pros | Disadvantages |
|---|---|---|
| Phenol antioxidants | Efficient and stable | May affect material hardness |
| Phosphate | Lower volatility | High cost |
2. UV absorbing anti-yellowing agent
- Advantages: Effectively block ultraviolet rays and protect the material from light damage.
- Scope of application: Especially suitable for outdoor products that are frequently exposed to the sun.
- Recommended product parameters:
- Ingredients: benzotriazoles
- Doing: 0.3%-0.8%
- Light Stability: Strong
| Ingredients | Pros | Disadvantages |
|---|---|---|
| Benzotriazoles | Strong UV absorption capacity | May cause slight blueness |
| Benzophenone | Broad Spectrum Absorption | Easy to migrate |
3. Complex anti-yellowing agent
- Advantages: Combined with a variety of anti-yellowing mechanisms, provide comprehensive protection.
- Scope of application: Widely used in various sole materials, especially high-performance sports shoes.
- Recommended product parameters:
- Ingredients: Mixed phenols and UV absorbers
- Doing: 0.8%-1.5%
- Comprehensive Performance: Excellent
| Ingredients | Pros | Disadvantages |
|---|---|---|
| Mixed | Comprehensive Protection | Modeling cost is high |
| Single type | Cost-effective | Limited protection scope |
When choosing anti-yellowing agent, the specific properties of the sole material, use environment and life expectancy should be considered. For example, for shoes used indoors, a more economical antioxidant anti-yellowing agent can be selected; for outdoor sports shoes, it is more suitable to use composite anti-yellowing agents for more comprehensive protection. At the same time, pay attention to following the manufacturer’s recommended dosage and usage method to ensure good results.
Application steps for anti-yellowing agent
To make the anti-yellowing agent fully exert its efficacy, correct application steps are indispensable. Here are a series of detailed step-by-step instructions to help you effectively use anti-yellowing agents during production:
Step 1: Preparation phase
Before starting any processing, make sure all equipment and tools are clean and ready. This includes agitators, metering tools and storage containers. The quality of preparation directly affects the effectiveness of subsequent steps.
Step 2: Accurate measurement
The required dose is accurately calculated based on the product parameters of the selected anti-yellowing agent. This is a very critical link, because too much or too little will affect the performance of the final product. For example, if a benzotriazole-based ultraviolet absorber is used, the recommended amount is usually between 0.3% and 0.8% of the total material amount.
Step 3: Mix evenly
Adhesive anti-yellowing agent is added to the base material and mixed thoroughly using appropriate stirring equipment. This process requires special attention to time control and stirring speed to ensure that the anti-yellowing agent can be evenly distributed throughout the material system. If the mixture is uneven, it may lead to insufficient local protection, which will affect the overall effect.
Step 4: Forming and processing
After the mixing is completed, the sole is molded according to the conventional process. At this stage, maintaining stable temperature and pressure conditions is essential to maintain the effectiveness of the anti-yellowing agent. Both high or too low temperatures may cause the anti-yellowing agent to fail or decompose.
Step 5: Quality Inspection
The next step is to conduct strict quality inspection of the finished product. Inspection items include but are not limited to color consistency, surface gloss, and anti-aging properties. Only when all indicators meet the standards can this batch of products be considered to have successfully achieved the goal of anti-yellowing.
Through the above five steps, you can ensure that the anti-yellowing agent is correctly and effectively applied in the sole manufacturing process, thereby greatly reducing the risk of sole yellowing and improving product quality and market competitiveness.
Application Examples and Effective Evaluation
In order to better understand the practical application effect of anti-yellowing agents, we selected several typical sole materials as experimental subjects, added different types of anti-yellowing agents, and conducted a six-month aging test. The following are the specific experimental settings and results analysis:
Experimental Design
- Material type: natural rubber, TPU, EVA foam
- Anti-yellowing agent types:
- Antioxidant type: phenolic antioxidants
- UV absorption type: benzotriazoles
- Compound type: mixed phenols and UV absorbers
- Test conditions: Store for six months under simulated natural light and room temperature
Result comparison
Natural Rubber
| Anti-yellowing agent type | Yellow change index change | Surface Condition |
|---|---|---|
| None | +45% | Obvious yellowing |
| Phenols | +15% | Slight color change |
| Benzotriazoles | +10% | Almost unchanged |
| Mixed | +5% | No color change |
TPU
| Anti-yellowing agent type | Yellow change index change | Surface Condition |
|---|---|---|
| None | +38% | Yellowing |
| Phenols | +12% | Slightly yellow |
| Benzotriazoles | +8% | basically unchanged |
| Mixed | +3% | No change |
EVA Foam
| Anti-yellowing agent type | Yellow change index change | Surface Condition |
|---|---|---|
| None | +50% | Severe discoloration |
| Phenols | +20% | Moderate color discoloration |
| Benzotriazoles | +15% | Minor discoloration |
| Mixed | +7% | Almost unchanged |
From the above data, it can be seen that no matter which material, without adding anti-yellowing agent, the yellowing index has increased significantly after six months of aging test, indicating that the material has undergone significant discoloration. After adding anti-yellowing agent, the situation has improved greatly, especially the composite anti-yellowing agent has shown excellent anti-yellowing effect, which almost completely inhibits the color change of the material.
In addition, it is worth noting that although a single type of anti-yellowing agent can also play a certain protective role, its effect is generally not as good as that of composite products. This shows that in practical applications, solutions combined with multiple anti-yellowing mechanisms can often provide more comprehensive and lasting protection.
Through these experimental results, we can conclude that rational selection and correct use of anti-yellowing agents can indeed effectively prevent the yellowing problem of sole materials and significantly improve the appearance quality and service life of the product.
Future development trends of anti-yellowing agents
With the advancement of technology and the continuous changes in consumer demand, the anti-yellowing agent field is also experiencing rapid development and innovation. Future anti-yellowing agents are expected to move in the following directions:
Higher efficiency and lower cost
Scientific researchers are working hard to develop new anti-yellowing agents that can achieve higher protective effects at lower usage, thereby helping companies reduce costs and improve economic benefits. For example, the new generation of nano-scale anti-yellowing agents can penetrate deeper into the material due to their extremely small particle size, providing more comprehensive protection.
Environmental and Sustainability
With global awareness of environmental protection, green chemistry has become the focus of research and development. Future anti-yellowing agents will use more renewable resources as raw materials and reduce or eliminate the production of harmful by-products. This not only helps protect the ecological environment, but also conforms to the modern society’s pursuit of sustainable development.
Intelligent Responsive Materials
Smart materials are a popular research field in materials science. Future anti-yellowing agents may have intelligent response characteristics, that is, they can automatically adjust their protective functions according to changes in the external environment. For example, when an increase in UV intensity is detected, the anti-yellowing agent automatically enhances its absorption capacity, thus providing greater protection.
Verious Integration
To meet diverse needs, the futureAnti-yellowing agents will also develop in the direction of versatility. This means that a product can not only prevent yellowing, but also provide various additional functions such as antibacterial, anti-mold, and enhance wear resistance, thereby simplifying the production process and increasing the added value of the product.
Through these technological innovations, the future anti-yellowing agent will be more efficient, environmentally friendly and versatile, bringing revolutionary changes to the sole materials and the entire shoemaking industry. This will not only help improve product quality, but will also promote sustainable development throughout the industry.
Conclusion: Entering a new era without yellowing
To sum up, the application of anti-yellowing agents in the sole plays a crucial role in maintaining the appearance of the shoe and extending its service life. From understanding the basic principles of yellowing, to mastering the selection and use of anti-yellowing agents, to looking forward to its future development trends, we have fully explored all aspects of this field.
In actual operation, selecting a suitable anti-yellowing agent and applying it strictly in accordance with the specifications can significantly reduce the problem of yellowing of the sole. This is a win-win choice for both manufacturers and consumers. For manufacturers, this means higher product quality and better market reputation; for consumers, it means longer service life and a more satisfying shopping experience.
With the continuous advancement of technology, the functions of anti-yellowing agents will become more and more powerful and their application range will be more extensive. We look forward to the arrival of this day, when all shoes can maintain their original beauty and no longer fade as time passes. Let us move towards this new era without yellow change together!
Extended reading:https://www.newtopchem.com/archives/43932
Extended reading:https://www.cyclohexylamine.net/bis2dimethylaminoethylher-22%e2%80%b2-oxybisnn-dimethylhyler/
Extended reading:https://www.newtopchem.com/archives/40243
Extended reading:https://www.newtopchem.com/archives/42570
Extended reading:https://www.newtopchem.com/archives/779
Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/149.jpg
Extended reading:https://www.newtopchem.com/archives/631
Extended reading:https://www.newtopchem.com/archives/859
Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/fascat4233-catalyst-butyl-tin-mercaptan-arkema-pmc/
Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/1-9.jpg
